6期

最新文章

• Human MAIT cell response profiles biased toward IL-17 or IL-10 are distinct effector states directed by the cytokine milieu AI翻译
  作者：Boulouis, Caroline; Mouchtaridi, Elli; Muller, Thomas R.; Mak, Jeffrey Y. W.; Fairlie, David P.; Bergman, Peter; Michaelsson, Jakob; Halfvarson, Jonas; Mjosberg, Jenny; Buggert, Marcus; Sandberg, Johan K.
  作者单位：Karolinska Institutet; University of Queensland; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; Orebro University; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital
  摘要：Mucosal- associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unconventional T cells that mediate rapid antimicrobial immune responses to antigens derived from microbial riboflavin pathway metabolites presented by the evolutionarily conserved MR1 molecules. MAIT cells represent a large pre- expanded T cell subset in humans and are involved in both protective immunity and inflammatory immunopathology. However, what controls the functional heterogeneity of human MAIT cell responses is still largely unclear. ...
• Correction for Knight and Zhang, Residential mobility and persistently depressed voting among disadvantaged adults in a large housing experiment (vol 121, e2306287121, 2024) AI翻译
  作者：Knight, David Jonathan; Zhang, Baobao
• Evidence for domain-general arousal from semantic and neuroimaging meta-analyses reconciles opposing views on arousal AI翻译
  作者：Sabat, Magdalena; de Dampierre, Charles; Tallon-Baudry, Catherine
  作者单位：Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
  摘要：Arousal refers to changes in brain- body state underpinning motivated behavior but lacks a proper definition and taxonomy. Neuroscience and psychology textbooks offer surprisingly different views on what arousal is, from a global brain-wide modulation of neuronal activity to a multidimensional construct, with specific brain-body patterns tuned to a given situation. The huge number of scientific articles mentioning arousal (similar to 50,000) highlights the importance of the concept but also ex...
• Co-zorbs: Motile, multispecies biofilms aid transport of diverse bacterial species AI翻译
  作者：Magesh, Shruthi; Schrope, Jonathan H.; Soto, Nayanna Mercado; Li, Chao; Hurley, Amanda I.; Huttenlocher, Anna; Beebe, David J.; Handelsman, Jo
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
  摘要：Biofilms are three- dimensional structures containing one or more bacterial species embedded in extracellular polymeric substances. Although most biofilms are stationary, Flavobacterium johnsoniae forms a motile spherical biofilm called a zorb, which is propelled by its base cells and contains a polysaccharide core. Here, we report the formation of spatially organized, motile, multispecies biofilms, designated co- zorbs, that are distinguished by a core-shell structure. F. johnsoniae forms zor...
• Fixational eye movements as active sensation for high visual acuity AI翻译
  作者：Nghiem, Trang-Anh E.; Witten, Jenny L.; Dufour, Oscar; Harmening, Wolf M.; da Silveira, Rava Azeredo
  作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); University of Bonn; University of Basel; University of Zurich
  摘要：Perception and action are inherently entangled: our world view is shaped by how we explore our environment through complex and variable self-motion. Even when fixating stable stimuli, our eyes undergo small, involuntary movements. Fixational eye movements (FEM) render a stable world jittery on our retinae, which can be expected to harm neural coding. Yet, empirical evidence suggests that FEM help rather than harm human perception of fine detail. Here, we elucidate this paradox by uncovering un...
• Highly deformable flapping membrane wings suppress the leading edge vortex in hover to perform better AI翻译
  作者：Smits, Alexander J.; Mulleners, Karen
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
  摘要：Airborne insects generate a leading edge vortex when they flap their wings. This coherent vortex is a low-pressure region that enhances the lift of flapping wings compared to fixed wings. Insect wings are thin membranes strengthened by a system of veins that does not allow large wing deformations. Bat wings are thin compliant skin membranes stretched between their limbs, hand, and body that show larger deformations during flapping wing flight. This study examines the role of the leading edge v...
• Black and Latinx workers reap lower rewards than Whiteworkers from years spent working in big cities AI翻译
  作者：Buchholz, Maximilian; Storper, Michael
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
  摘要：The large labor markets of big cities offer greater possibilities for workers to gain skills and experience through successively better employment opportunities. This experience effect contributes to the higher average wages that are found in big cities compared to the economy as a whole. Racial wage inequality is also higher in bigger cities than in the economy on average. We offer an explanation for this pattern, demonstrating that there is substantial racial inequality in the economic retur...
• Free- electron resonance transition radiation via Brewster randomness AI翻译
  作者：Gong, Zheng; Chen, Ruoxi; Wang, Zun; Xi, Xiangfeng; Yang, Yi; Zhang, Baile; Chen, Hongsheng; Kaminer, Ido; Lin, Xiao
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; University of Hong Kong; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Technological University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Technion Israel Institute of Technology
  摘要：Free- electron radiation, such as Cherenkov radiation and transition radiation, can gen-erate light at arbitrary frequencies and is fundamental to diverse applications, ranging from electron microscopy, spectroscopy, lasers, to particle detectors. Generally, the fea-tures of free- electron radiation are stochastic when electrons interact with random media. Counterintuitively, here, we reveal a type of free- electron radiation that has both its inten-sity and directionality invariant to specifi...
• Identification of a central regulator of ginkgolide biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba that integrates jasmonate and light signaling AI翻译
  作者：Du, Jinfa; Zhao, Zhen; Jin, Lingqi; Huang, Lijin; Jin, Dian; Zheng, Xiaoyan; Wang, Qiaolei; Xu, Wenbo; Guo, Huijun; Xing, Xinyue; Alolga, Raphael N.; Tran, Lam-Son Phan; Herrera-Estrella, Luis Rafael; Li, Ping; Yin, Xiaojian; Lu, Xu
  作者单位：China Pharmaceutical University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Northeast Institute of Geography & Agroecology, CAS; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Mexico; CINVESTAV - Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, CACMS; China Pharmaceutical University
  摘要：Ginkgolides are secondary metabolites unique to Ginkgo biloba with the potential to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although the biosynthetic pathways of ginkgolides have been partly uncovered, the mechanism regulating their bio-synthesis is still largely unknown. Here, using multiomic and genetic analyses, we report the identification of a transcription factor, named ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR ASSOCIATED WITH GINKGOLIDE BIOSYNTHESIS (GbEAG), as a critical regula-t...
• tRNA selectivity during ribosome- associated quality control regulates the critical sterility- inducing temperature in two- line hybrid rice AI翻译
  作者：Zhou, Can; Liu, Chunyan; Yan, Bin; Sun, Jing; Li, Shengdong; Li, Ji; Wang, Jia; Huang, Xiahe; Yan, Wei; Yang, Shuying; Fu, Chenjian; Qin, Peng; Fu, Xingxue; Zhao, Xinghui; Wu, Yaxian; Song, Xianwei; Wang, Yingchun; Qian, Wenfeng; Yang, Yuanzhu; Cao, Xiaofeng
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS); Southern University of Science & Technology
  摘要：The two- line hybrid rice system, a cutting- edge hybrid rice breeding technology, has greatly boosted global food security. In thermo- sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines, the critical sterility- inducing temperature (CSIT; the temperature at which TGMS lines change from male fertile to complete male sterile) acts as a key threshold. We recently uncovered that thermo- sensitive genic male sterility 5 (tms5), a sterile locus presenting in over 95% of TGMS lines, leads to the overaccumula...