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作者：Chen, Xi; Shuai, Min; Zhong, Bingchen; Martinez, Vikina; Korblova, Eva; Glaser, Matthew A.; Maclennan, Joseph E.; Walba, David M.; Clark, Noel A.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We report a transition from the ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal (NF) phase to a lower-temperature, apolar fluid phase having reentrant isotropic symmetry (IR), in the liquid crystal compound RM734 doped with small concentrations of the ionic liquids 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF6) or 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI). Even a trace amount of ionic liquid dopant facilitates the kinetic pathway for the transition from the NF ...
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作者：Feinman, Gary M.; Quequezana, Gabriela Cervantes; Green, Adam; Lawrence, Dan; Munson, Jessica; Ortman, Scott; Petrie, Cameron; Thompson, Amy; Nicholas, Linda M.
作者单位：Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago); Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of York - UK; University of York - UK; Durham University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Cambridge; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Long-entrenched grand narratives have tied inequality in large human aggregations to generally linear trends, a direct outcome of domestication, then fostered by population growth and/or stepped scalar transitions in the hierarchical complexity of human institutions. This general pattern has been argued to short-circuit or reverse only in the context of cataclysmic disasters or societal breakdowns. Yet, for the most part, these universal deterministic frameworks have been constructed from hist...
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作者：Hoes, Emma; Gilardi, Fabrizio
作者单位：University of Zurich
摘要：There is broad consensus that AI presents risks, but considerable disagreement about the nature of those risks. These differing viewpoints can be understood as distinct narratives, each offering a specific interpretation of AI's potential dangers. One narrative focuses on doomsday predictions of AI posing long-term existential risks for humanity. Another narrative prioritizes immediate concerns that AI brings to society today, such as the reproduction of biases embedded into AI systems. A sign...
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作者：Ma, Ya; Zhang, Zhuyi; Cao, Xiaolian; Guo, Dianlei; Huang, Shuting; Xie, Lijing; Wu, Mingjuan; Li, Junru; Li, Chenxin; Chu, Yu; Jiang, Shuxin; Hao, Yu; Wang, Can; Zhong, Xiali; Ju, Rong; Zhang, Feng; Liu, Chunqiao; Wei, Yanhong
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University
摘要：Ischemic retinal diseases are major causes of blindness worldwide and are characterized by pathological angiogenesis. Epigenetic alterations in response to metabolic shifts in and its subsequent histone lactylation in ECs contribute to vascular disorders. However, the regulatory mechanism of establishing and sustaining lactylation modification remains elusive. Here, we showed that lactate accumulation induced histone lactylations on H3K9 and H3K18 in neovascular ECs in the proliferative stage ...
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作者：Petroff, Zachary J.; Jayaraman, Swapnaa; Smith, Linda B.; Candy, T. Rowan; Bonnen, Kathryn
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：The structure of the environment includes more horizontal and vertical (i.e. cardinal) orientations than oblique orientations, meaning that edges tend to be aligned with or perpendicular to the direction of gravity. This bias in the visual scene is associated with a bias in visual sensitivity in adults. Although infants must learn to function in this biased environment, their immature motor control prevents them from consistently orienting themselves, relative to gravity. This study therefore ...
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作者：Crema, Enrico R.; Fochesato, Mattia; Ramon, Andres G. Mejia; Munson, Jessica; Ortman, Scott G.
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; Bocconi University; Bocconi University; Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Autonomous University of Barcelona; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：The Gini coefficient is a statistical measure commonly used to characterize distributions of socioeconomic quantities. Archaeologists and social scientists have recently adopted this method to analyze ancient inequality by targeting specific proxy variables (e.g., residential unit size, burial data, etc.). Variations in the Gini are then examined in relation to key factors such as time, geography, and subsistence. Yet, Gini coefficients could be obtained across different scales of aggregation,...
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作者：Erickson, Andrea K.; Sutherland, Danica M.; Welsh, Olivia L.; Maples, Robert W.; Dermody, Terence S.; Pfeiffer, Julie K.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：Many enteric viruses benefit from the microbiota. In mice, microbiota depletion reduces infection by noroviruses and picornaviruses. However, Reovirales viruses are outliers among enteric viruses. Rotavirus infection is inhibited by bacteria, and we determined that several reovirus strains have enhanced replication following microbiota depletion. Here, we focused on an isogenic pair of reoviruses that have opposing infection outcomes after microbiota depletion. Microbiota depletion reduces inf...
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作者：Li, Yaqian; Liu, Wei; Liu, Fei; Zeng, Yang; Zuo, Simin; Feng, Siyu; Qi, Chunxiao; Wang, Bingjie; Yan, Xiaojun; Khademhosseini, Ali; Bai, Jing; Du, Yanan
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作者：Meinhardt, Gudrun; Waldhaeusl, Hanna; Lackner, Andreas I.; Waechter, Jasmin; Maxian, Theresa; Hoebler, Anna-Lena; Vondra, Sigrid; Kunihs, Victoria; Saleh, Leila; Haslinger, Peter; Kiraly, Peter; Szilagyi, Andras; Than, Nandor G.; Pollheimer, Juergen; Haider, Sandra; Knoefler, Martin
作者单位：Medical University of Vienna; Medical University of Vienna; Semmelweis University
摘要：Insights into the molecular processes that drive early development of the human placenta is crucial for our understanding of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction, since defects in maturation of its epithelial cell, the trophoblast, have been detected in the severe forms of these diseases. However, key regulators specifying the differentiated trophoblast subtypes of the placenta are only slowly emerging. By using diverse trophoblast cell models, we herein sh...
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作者：Guo, Liangyue; Yu, Qilin; Wang, Di; Wu, Xiaoyu; Wolynes, Peter G.; Chen, Mingchen
作者单位：Changping Laboratory; Rice University; Rice University; Rice University; Rice University
摘要：The concept that proteins are selected to fold into a well-defined native state has been effectively addressed within the framework of energy landscapes, underpinning the recent successes of structure prediction tools like AlphaFold. The amyloid fold, however, does not represent a unique minimum for a given single sequence. While the cross-/3 hydrogen-bonding pattern is common to all amyloids, other aspects of amyloid fiber structures are sensitive not only to the sequence of the aggregating p...
