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作者：Staples, Sabrina C. R.; Yin, Hao; Sutherland, Frances S. K.; Prescott, Emma K.; Tinney, Dylan; Hamilton, Douglas W.; Goldman, Daniel; Poepping, Tamie L.; Ellis, Christopher G.; Pickering, J. Geoffrey
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); University Western Ontario Hospital; Western University (University of Western Ontario); Western University (University of Western Ontario); Western University (University of Western Ontario); Western University (University of Western Ontario); Western University (University of Western Ontario); London Health Sciences Centre
摘要：Intussusceptive angiogenesis is an increasingly recognized vessel duplication process that generates and reshapes microvascular beds. However, the mechanism by which a vessel splits into two is poorly understood. Particularly vexing is formation of the hallmark transluminal endothelial cell bridge. How an endothelial cell comes to cross a flowing lumen rather than line it is enigmatic. To elucidate this, we used a microvessel-on-a-chip strategy, creating a microconduit coherently lined with fl...
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作者：Vercammen, Ans; Wray, Britt; Crider, Yoshika S.; Belkin, Gary; Lawrance, Emma L.
作者单位：Curtin University; University of Queensland; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stanford University; Columbia University; New York University; Imperial College London; Imperial College London
摘要：Awareness of the threats of climate change is causing distress in increasingly documented ways, with youth particularly affected. Experiences such as climate distress and eco-anxiety have implications for the health and well-being of societies and economies, including individuals' mental health and future planning, as well as their agency beliefs. Here, we show in a large sample of US youth (n = 2,834, ages 16 to 24) that the majority of US youth experience moderate climate distress and some f...
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作者：Budeski, Katherine; Lipsitch, Marc
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
摘要：Preparing to rapidly respond to emerging infectious diseases is critical. SpillOver: Viral Risk Ranking is an open-source tool developed to assess the risk of novel wildlife-origin viruses spilling over from animals to humans and spreading in human populations. Several risk factors used by the tool depend on evidence of previous zoonotic spillover itself or sustained transmission in humans. Therefore, we reanalyzed the Ranking Comparison after removing eight of the 31 risk factors that require...
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作者：Carrasco, Maria Rios; Lin, Ting-Hui; Zhu, Xueyong; Garcia, Alba Gabarroca; Uslu, Elif; Liang, Ruonan; Spruit, Cindy M.; Richard, Mathilde; Boons, Geert-Jan; Wilson, Ian A.; de Vries, Robert P.
作者单位：Utrecht University; Scripps Research Institute; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus MC; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; Scripps Research Institute
摘要：H5Nx viruses continue to wreak havoc in avian and mammalian species worldwide. The virus distinguishes itself by the ability to replicate to high titers and transmit efficiently in a wide variety of hosts in diverse climatic environments. Fortunately, transmission to and between humans is scarce. Yet, if such an event were to occur, it could spark a pandemic as humans are immunologically na & iuml;ve to H5 viruses. A significant determinant of transmission to and between humans is the ability ...
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作者：McClelland, James L.
摘要：The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics recognizes breakthroughs contributing to the emergence of a new understanding of the computations that underlie human intelligence, with profound implications for artificially intelligent systems. John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton played seminal roles in these breakthroughs. I begin by characterizing the scientific context in which the new understanding of intelligence began to arise. I then consider Hopfield's and Hinton's ideas and their centrality in the scie...
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作者：Xiang, Sidney; Romero, Daniel M.; Teplitskiy, Misha
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Interdisciplinary research is essential for addressing complex global challenges, but there are concerns that scientific institutions like journals select against it. Prior work has focused largely on how interdisciplinarity relates to outcomes for published papers, but which papers get accepted for publication in the first place is unclear. Furthermore, journals may evaluate two key dimensions of interdisciplinarity,-topic and knowledge base,-differently. Topic interdisciplinarity (measured t...
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作者：Arp, Abbey B.; Gutierrez, Andrea Abel; ter Beest, Martin; Franken, Guus A.; Warner, Harry; Furones, Andrea Rodgers; Kenyon, Angelique N.; Jaeger, Franziska; Cabrera-Orefice, Alfredo; Klaesener, Kathrin; van Deventer, Sjoerd; Droesen, Lenny; Dunlock, Vera Marie E.; Classens, Rene; Staniek, Julian; Borst, Jannie; Reth, Michael; Brandt, Ulrich; Gros, Piet; Kuijpersi, Taco W.; Heemskerk, Mirjam H. M.; Rizzi, Marta; Cano, Laia Querol; van Spriel, Annemiek B.
作者单位：Radboud University Nijmegen; Utrecht University; Radboud University Nijmegen; University of Freiburg; University of Freiburg; University of Freiburg; University of Freiburg; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Emma Children's Hospital; University of Amsterdam; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Medical University of Vienna; University of Freiburg; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：CD20 is a four-transmembrane protein expressed at the surface of B cells from late pro-B cells to memory B cells, with the exception of plasma cells. Its expression pattern makes it an attractive therapeutic target for different B cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Despite the clinical success of CD20-targeting antibodies, the biology of the CD20 protein is still not well understood. We investigated CD20 binding partners in the membrane of human B cells using immunoprecipitation follow...
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作者：Qiu, Biao; Boudker, Olga
作者单位：Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) reside on cell surfaces and uptake substrates, including L-glutamate, L-aspartate, and D-aspartate, using ion gradients. Among five EAATs, EAAT3 is the only isoform that can efficiently transport L-cysteine, a substrate for glutathione synthesis. Recent studies suggest that EAAT3 also transports the oncometabolite R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2HG). Here, we examined the structural basis of substrate recognition by determining the cryogenic electron microsc...
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作者：Thompson, Amy E.; Munson, Jessica; Ortman, Scott G.; Ramon, Andres G. Mejia; Feinman, Gary M.; Quequezana, Gabriela Cervantes; Cruz, Pablo; Green, Adam S.; Lawrence, Dan; Roscoe, Paul
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; The Santa Fe Institute; Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago); Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University of York - UK; University of York - UK; Durham University; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono
摘要：Humans often live in neighborhoods, nested socio-spatial clusters within settlements of varying size and population density. In today's cities, neighborhoods are often characterized as relatively homogenous and may exhibit segregation along various socioeconomic dimensions. However, even within neighborhoods of similar social or economic status, there is often residential disparity, which in turn impacts perceived inequality. Drawing on the Global Dynamics of Inequality (GINI) project database...
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作者：Chihoub, Doha; Pintard, Coralie; Lenski, Richard E.; Tenaillon, Olivier; Couce, Alejandro
作者单位：Universidad Politecnica de Madrid; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite Paris Cite; Michigan State University; Universite Paris Cite; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm)
摘要：Theory predicts that well-adapted populations may evolve mechanisms to counteract the inevitable influx of deleterious mutations. While mutational robustness can be directly selected in the laboratory, evidence for its spontaneous evolution during general adaptation is mixed. Moreover, whether robustness evolves to include pleiotropic effects remains largely unexplored. Here, we studied the effects of point mutations in the RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli over a 15,000-generation adaptive t...
