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作者：Marcos, Marta; Amores, Angel; Agulles, Miguel; Robson, Jon; Feng, Xiangbo
作者单位：Universitat de les Illes Balears; Universitat de les Illes Balears; International Space Science Institute; University of Reading; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC National Centre for Atmospheric Science
摘要：Marine heatwaves are extreme climatic events consisting of persistent periods of warm ocean waters that have profound impacts on marine life. These episodes are becoming more intense, longer, and more frequent in response to anthropogenic global warming. Here, we provide a comprehensive and quantitative assessment on the role of global warming on marine heatwaves. To do so, we construct a counterfactual version observed global sea surface temperatures since 1940, corresponding to a stationary ...
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作者：McDermott, Amy
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作者：Nishiguchi, Daiki; Shiratani, Sora; Takeuchi, Kazumasa A.; Aranson, Igor S.
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作者：Bogaard, Amy; Cruz, Pablo; Fochesato, Mattia; Birch, Jennifer; Quequezana, Gabriela Cervantes; Chirikure, Shadreck; Crema, Enrico R.; Feinman, Gary M.; Green, Adam S.; Hamerow, Helena; Jin, Guiyun; Kerig, Tim; Lawrence, Dan; Mccoy, Mark D.; Munson, Jessica; Ortman, Scott G.; Petrie, Cameron A.; Roscoe, Paul
作者单位：University of Oxford; The Santa Fe Institute; Bocconi University; Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Cambridge; Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago); University of York - UK; University of York - UK; Shandong University; University of Kiel; Durham University; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono
摘要：Here, we assess the extent to which land use relating to food acquisition (farming, herding, foraging) and associated value regimes shaped past economic inequality. We consider the hypothesis that land-use systems in which production was limited by heritable material wealth (such as land) sustained higher levels of inequality than those limited by (free) human labor. We address this hypothesis using the Global Dynamics of InequalIty (GINI) project database, estimating economic inequalities bas...
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作者：Chen, Xi; Shuai, Min; Zhong, Bingchen; Martinez, Vikina; Korblova, Eva; Glaser, Matthew A.; Maclennan, Joseph E.; Walba, David M.; Clark, Noel A.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We report a transition from the ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal (NF) phase to a lower-temperature, apolar fluid phase having reentrant isotropic symmetry (IR), in the liquid crystal compound RM734 doped with small concentrations of the ionic liquids 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF6) or 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI). Even a trace amount of ionic liquid dopant facilitates the kinetic pathway for the transition from the NF ...
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作者：Dorantes-Gilardi, Rodrigo; Ivey, Kerry L.; Costa, Lauren; Matty, Rachael; Cho, Kelly; Gaziano, John Michael; Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo
作者单位：Harvard University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Boston Healthcare System; Northeastern University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital
摘要：Biobanks advance biomedical and clinical research by collecting and offering data and biological samples for numerous studies. However, the impact of these repositories varies greatly due to differences in their purpose, scope, governance, and data collected. Here, we computationally identified 2,663 biobanks and their textual mentions in 228,761 scientific articles, 16,210 grants, 15,469 patents, 1,769 clinical trials, and 9,468 public policy documents, helping characterize the academic commu...
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作者：Galick, David S.; Vaz, Liberato Motobe; Ondo, Lucas; Iyanga, Marcos Mbulito; Bikie, Faustino Etoho Ebang; Avue, Restituto Mba Nguema; Donfack, Olivier Tresor; Eyono, Jeremias Nzamio Mba; Mifumu, Teresa Ayingono Ondo; Hergott, Dianna E. B.; Phiri, Wonder P.; Smith, David L.; Guerra, Carlos A.; Guerra, Guillermo A.; Hemingway, Janet
作者单位：University of Washington; Institute for Health Metrics & Evaluation; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is one of the core vector control interventions available to malaria control programs. Normative and scientific guidance has long held that very high IRS coverage (at least 80 to 85% houses sprayed) is necessary to provide community protection, but there is little evidence backing these recommendations, in large part due to the operational and ethical concerns that conducting appropriate trials of differing IRS coverage levels would raise. The present study lever...
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作者：Ravindran, Sandeep
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作者：Shen, Di; Zhao, Qun; Zhang, Huaiyue; Wu, Ci; Jin, Hao; Guo, Kun; Sun, Rui; Guo, Hengke; Zhao, Qi; Feng, Huan; Dong, Xuepeng; Gao, Zhenming; Zhang, Lihua; Liu, Yu
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Dalian Medical University
摘要：Most bioorthogonal photouncaging reactions preferentially occur in polar environments to accommodate biological applications in the aqueous cellular milieu. However, they are not precisely designed to chemically adapt to the diverse microenvironments of the cell. Herein, we report a hydrophobic photouncaging reaction with tailored photolytic kinetics toward solvent polarity. Structural modulations of the aminobenzoquinone-based photocage reveal the impact of cyclic ring size, steric substituen...
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作者：Bashyal, Sagar; Everett, Hasani; Matsuura, Suzanne; Muller, Lena Maria
作者单位：Salk Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Miami
摘要：CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related (CLE) peptides have emerged as key regulators of plant-microbe interactions, including arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. Here, we identify Medicago truncatula CLE16 as a positive regulator of AM symbiosis. MtCLE16is expressed in root cells colonized by AM fungi (AMF) and its overexpression within colonized tissues increases arbuscule abundance by finetuning their growth and lifespan. Functional and transcriptomic analyses reveal that MtCLE16 acts...
