16期

最新文章

• Changes in agglomeration and productivity are poor predictors of inequality across the archaeological record AI翻译
  作者：Ortman, Scott G.; Bogaard, Amy; Munson, Jessica; Lawrence, Dan; Green, Adam S.; Feinman, Gary M.; Chirikure, Shadreck; Uhl, Johannes H.; Leyk, Stefan
  作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; The Santa Fe Institute; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Oxford; Durham University; University of York - UK; University of York - UK; Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago); European Commission Joint Research Centre; EC JRC ISPRA Site; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
  摘要：We address three basic issues regarding the long-term dynamics of inequality in society. First, we consider the interpretation of residence sizes in socioeconomic terms by comparing statistical patterns extracted from the Global Dynamics of Inequality (GINI) Project database with those from the 21st-century United States. Second, we examine the degree to which the size and productivity of human networks is systematically related to inequality. Finally, we investigate relationships between prod...
• Mapping global brain reconfigurations following local targeted manipulations AI翻译
  作者：Rabuffo, Giovanni; Lokossou, Houefa-Armelle; Li, Zengmin; Ziaee-Mehr, Abolfazl; Hashemi, Meysam; Quilichini, Pascale P.; Ghestem, Antoine; Arab, Ouafae; Esclapez, Monique; Verma, Parul; Raj, Ashish; Gozzi, Alessandro; Sorrentino, Pierpaolo; Chuang, Kai-Hsiang; Perles-Barbacaru, Teodora-Adriana; Viola, Angele; Jirsa, Viktor K.; Bernard, Christophe
  作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Aix-Marseille Universite; Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Queensland; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia - IIT; Center for Neuroscience & Cognitive System IIT
  摘要：Understanding how localized brain interventions influence whole-brain dynamics is essential for deciphering neural function and designing therapeutic strategies. Using longitudinal functional MRI datasets collected from mice, we investigated the effects of focal interventions, such as thalamic lesions and chemogenetic silencing of cortical hubs. We found that these local manipulations disrupted the brain's ability to sustain network-wide activity, leading to global functional connectivity (FC)...
• Force spectroscopy reveals membrane fluctuations and surface adhesion of extracellular nanovesicles impact their elastic behavior AI翻译
  作者：Stridfeldt, Fredrik; Pandey, Vikash; Kylhammar, Hanna; Gevari, Moein Talebian; Metem, Prattakorn; Agrawal, Vipin; Goergens, Andre; Mamand, Doste R.; Gilbert, Jennifer; Palmgren, Lukas; Holme, Margaret N.; Gustafsson, Oskar; El Andaloussi, Samir; Mitra, Dhrubaditya; Dev, Apurba
  作者单位：Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm University; Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics; Royal Institute of Technology; Uppsala University; Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm University; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; University of Duisburg Essen; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; Chalmers University of Technology
  摘要：The elastic properties of nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) are believed to influence their cellular interactions, thus having a profound implication in intercellular communication. However, accurate quantification of their elastic modulus is challenging due to their nanoscale dimensions and their fluid-like lipid bilayer. We show that the previous attempts to develop atomic force microscopy-based protocol are flawed as they lack theoretical underpinning as well as ignore important contri...
• ATM priming and end resection-coupled phosphorylation of MRE11 is important for fork protection and replication restart AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Huimin; Li, Youhang; Shah, Sameer Bikram; Li, Shibo; Li, Qingrong; Oaks, Joshua; Lv, Tinghong; Shi, Linda Z.; Wang, Hailong; Wang, Dong; Wu, Xiaohua
  作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Capital Normal University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：The MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN) complex plays multiple roles in the maintenance of genome stability. MRN is associated with replication forks to preserve fork integrity and is also required for end resection at double-strand breaks (DSBs) to facilitate homologous recombination (HR). The critical need for proper control of the MRE11 nuclease activity is highlighted by the extensive nascent strand DNA degradation driven by MRE11 in BRCA-deficient cells, leading to genome instability and increased sen...
• St3gal5-mediated sialylation of glyco-CD177 on neutrophils restricts neuroinflammation following CNS injury AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Tingting; Xie, Wanqing; Guo, Yunlu; Li, Yan; Yin, Jiemin; Jin, Xia; Ma, Yezhi; Zhang, Yueman; Huang, Dan; Chen, Caiyang; Wang, Xin; Zhu, Ziyu; Gan, Yu; Liesz, Arthur; Yu, Weifeng; Yuan, Junying; Li, Peiying
  作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; University of Munich; University of Munich; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS
  摘要：Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocyte population that play critical roles in neuroinflammation following central nervous system (CNS) injury. CD177, a glycoprotein on neutrophils, is emerging as an important immune regulator which can fundamentally affect multiple human inflammatory diseases. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of CD177 glycobiology of neutrophils in neuroinflammation remain elusive. Here, we show that CD177+neutrophils expand significantly and infiltr...
• Flocking and giant fluctuations in epithelial active solids AI翻译
  作者：Shen, Yuan; O'Byrne, Jeremy; Schoenit, Andreas; Maitra, Ananyo; Mege, Rene-Marc; Voituriez, Raphael; Ladoux, Benoit
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; CY Cergy Paris Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Erlangen Nuremberg
  摘要：The collective motion of epithelial cells is a fundamental biological process which plays a significant role in embryogenesis, wound healing, and tumor metastasis. While it has been broadly investigated for over a decade both in vivo and in vitro, large-scale coherent flocking phases remain underexplored and have so far been mostly described as fluid. In this work, we report an additional mode of large-scale collective motion for different epithelial cell types in vitro with distinctive featur...
• Bidirectional disruption of GNAS transcripts causes broad methylation defects in pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B AI翻译
  作者：Iwasaki, Yorihiro; Reyes, Monica; Ryabets-Lienhard, Anna; Gales, Barbara; Linglart, Agnes; Miller, Danny E.; Salusky, Isidro B.; Bastepe, Murat; Juppner, Harald
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Kitano Hospital; University of Southern California; Children's Hospital Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; Universite Paris Saclay; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite Paris Saclay; Assistance Publique Hopitaux Paris (APHP); Hopital Universitaire Antoine-Beclere - APHP; Hopital Universitaire Bicetre - APHP; Seattle Children's Hospital; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
  摘要：Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B (PHP1B) is a multihormone resistance disorder caused by aberrant GNAS methylation. Characteristic epigenetic changes at GNAS differentially methylated regions (DMRs), i.e., NESP, AS1, AS2, XL, and A/B, are associated with specific structural defects in different autosomal dominant PHP1B (AD-PHP1B) subtypes. However, mechanisms underlying abnormal GNAS methylation remain incompletely defined, largely because viable PHP1B mouse models are lacking. Using lymphobla...
• The pentameric chloride channel BEST1 is activated by extracellular GABA AI翻译
  作者：Pant, Swati; Tam, Stephanie W.; Long, Stephen B.
  作者单位：Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine
  摘要：Bestrophin-1 (BEST1) is a chloride channel expressed in the eye and other tissues of the body. A link between BEST1 and the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been proposed. The most appreciated receptors for extracellular GABA are the GABAB G-protein-coupled receptors and the pentameric GABAA chloride channels, both of which have fundamental roles in the central nervous system. Here, we demonstrate that BEST1 is directly activated by GABA. Through functi...
• CB-1 receptor agonist drastically changes oscillatory activity, defining active sleep AI翻译
  作者：Topchiy, Irina; Kocsis, Bernat
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; McLean Hospital
  摘要：Brain oscillations in different behavioral states are essential for cognition, and oscillopathies contribute to cognitive dysfunction in neuropsychiatric diseases. Cannabis-1 receptor (CB1-R) activation was reported to suppress theta and fast gamma activities in rats during waking exploration, and here, we show that cannabis fundamentally alters network activity during sleep as well. Prominent theta rhythm is present in rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), whereas fast oscillations appear as regul...
• War both reduced and increased inequality over the past 10,000 years AI翻译
  作者：McCoy, Mark D.; Birch, Jennifer; Chirikure, Shadreck; Cruz, Pablo; Green, Adam S.; Gronenborn, Detlef; Lawrence, Dan; Roscoe, Paul
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Oxford; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University of York - UK; University of York - UK; Durham University; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono
  摘要：Scholars are divided over the long-term effects that war has had on inequality. Some have argued that conflict grows the gap between rich and poor. Others counter that violence levels out wealth differences. The GINI Project Database is a large global sample of archaeological data on house sizes created to investigate what factors influenced economic inequality over long periods of time, including warfare. Over 39,000 individual residential units were coded as having fortifications present or ...