18期

最新文章

• Possible evidence of excitonic condensation in a topological insulator AI翻译
  作者：Mori, Ryo; Takasan, Kazuaki; Ai, Ping; Ciocys, Samuel; Kawaguchi, Kaishu; Kondo, Takeshi; Morimoto, Takahiro; Lanzara, Alessandra
  作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Tokyo; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo
  摘要：The transient excitonic condensate is a nonequilibrium electron-hole Bardeen- Cooper-Schrieffer state in a photoexcited semiconductor and semimetal, where electron-hole pairs undergo a phase transition and condense into a single coherent quantum state. Despite numerous experimental works to realize the predicted excitonic condensation phase, experimental evidence still remains elusive. This is largely due to the absence of direct measurements of a material's transient momentum-dependent electr...
• Stiffness-gradient adhesive structure with mushroom-shaped morphology via electrically activated one-step growth AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Duorui; Liu, Tianci; Tian, Hongmiao; Zhang, Jinyu; He, Qiguang; Li, Xiangming; Wang, Chunhui; Chen, Xiaoliang; Shao, Jinyou
  作者单位：Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Reptiles in nature have evolved excellent adhesion systems to adapt to complex natural environments, inspired by which high-performance bioinspired dry adhesives have been consistently created by precisely replicating the natural structures. Stiffness gradient, as a special feature evolved in reptilian adhesion systems, offers significant advantages in enhancing adhesion adaptation and stability.However, it remains a challenge to accurately replicate the geometrical morphology and soft-rigid c...
• Dissociation of SYNGAP1 enzymatic and structural roles: Intrinsic excitability and seizure susceptibility AI翻译
  作者：Brill, Julia; Clarke, Blaise; Hong, Ingie; Huganir, Richard L.
  作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University
  摘要：SYNGAP1 is a key Ras-GAP protein enriched at excitatory synapses, with mutations causing intellectual disability and epilepsy in humans. Recent studies have revealed that in addition to its role as a negative regulator of G-protein signaling through its GAP enzymatic activity, SYNGAP1 plays an important structural role through its interaction with postsynaptic density proteins. Here, we reveal that intrinsic excitability deficits and seizure phenotypes in heterozygous Syngap1 knockout (KO) mic...
• A hierarchy of processing complexity and timescales for natural sounds in the human auditory cortex AI翻译
  作者：Rupp, Kyle M.; Hect, Jasmine L.; Harford, Emily E.; Holt, Lori L.; Ghuman, Avniel Singh; Abel, Taylor J.
  作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
  摘要：Efficient behavior is supported by humans' ability to rapidly recognize acoustically distinct sounds as members of a common category. Within the auditory cortex, critical unanswered questions remain regarding the organization and dynamics of sound categorization. We performed intracerebral recordings during epilepsy surgery evaluation as 20 patient-participants listened to natural sounds. We then built encoding models to predict neural responses using sound representations extracted from diffe...
• Liver lipid droplet cholesterol content is a key determinant of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis AI翻译
  作者：Sakuma, Ikki; Gaspar, Rafael C.; Nasiri, Ali R.; Dufour, Sylvie; Kahn, Mario; Zheng, Jie; Lamoia, Traci E.; Guerra, Mateus T.; Taki, Yuki; Kawashima, Yusuke; Yimlamai, Dean; Perelis, Mark; Vatner, Daniel F.; Petersen, Kitt Falk; Huttasch, Maximilian; Knebel, Birgit; Kahl, Sabine; Roden, Michael; Samuel, Varman T.; Tanaka, Tomoaki; Shulman, Gerald I.
  作者单位：Yale University; Chiba University; Yale University; Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Leibniz Association; Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum (DDZ); Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD); Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Leibniz Association; Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum (DDZ); Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf Hospital; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Yale University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  摘要：Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) represents a progressive form of steatotic liver disease which increases the risk for fibrosis and advanced liver disease. The accumulation of discrete species of bioactive lipids has been postulated to activate signaling pathways that promote inflammation and fibrosis. However, the key pathogenic lipid species is a matter of debate. We explored candidates using various dietary, molecular, and genetic models. Mice fed a choline-deficient ...
• A responsive living material prepared by diffusion reveals extracellular enzyme activity of cyanobacteria AI翻译
  作者：Tang, Lisa; Soulier, Nathan T.; Wheeler, Rebecca; Pokorski, Jonathan K.; Golden, James W.; Golden, Susan S.; Bae, Jinhye
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Chung Ang University
  摘要：Stimuli-responsive engineered living materials (ELMs) can respond to environmental or biochemical cues and have broad utility in biological sensors and machines, but have traditionally been limited to biocompatible scaffolds. This is because they are typically made by mixing cells into a precursor solution before crosslinking. Here, we demonstrate a diffusion mechanism for incorporating cells of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus sp. PCC 7942 (S. elongatus) into nanoclay-poly-N-isoprop...
• Water- directed pinning is key to tau prion formation AI翻译
  作者：Vigers, Michael P.; Lobo, Samuel; Najafi, Saeed; Dubose, Austin; Tsay, Karen; Ganguly, Pritam; Longhini, Andrew P.; Jin, Yingying; Buratto, Steven K.; Kosik, Kenneth S.; Shell, M. Scott; Shea, Joan-Emma; Han, Songi
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Northwestern University
  摘要：Tau forms fibrillar aggregates that are pathological hallmarks of a family of neurodegenerative diseases known as tauopathies. The synthetic replication of disease- specific fibril structures is a critical gap for developing diagnostic and therapeutic tools. This study debuts a strategy of identifying a critical and minimal folding motif in fibrils characteristic of tauopathies and generating seeding- competent fibrils from the isolated tau peptides. The 19- residue jR2R3 peptide (295 to 313) ...
• Dopamine induces fear extinction by activating the reward-responding amygdala neurons AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Xiangyu; Flick, Katelyn; Rizzo, Marianna; Pignatelli, Michele; Tonegawa, Susumu
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Parma; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  摘要：The extinction of conditioned fear responses is crucial for adaptive behavior, and its impairment is a hallmark of anxiety disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder. Fear extinction takes place when animals form a new memory that suppresses the original fear memory.In the case of context-dependent fear memory, the new memory is formed within the reward-responding posterior subset of basolateral amygdala (BLA) that is genetically marked by Ppp1r1b+ neurons. These memory engram cells suppr...
• Differentiated planetesimals record differing sources of sulfur in inner and outer solar system materials AI翻译
  作者：Heiny, Elizabeth A.; Stolper, Edward M.; Eiler, John M.
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology
  摘要：The isotope anomalies of noncarbonaceous (NC) and carbonaceous (CC) extraterrestrial materials provide a framework for tracing the distribution and accretion of matter in the early solar system. Here, we extend this framework to sulfur (S)-one of six life-essential volatile elements [T-C similar to 664 K]-via the mass-independent S-isotope compositions of differentiated meteorites. We observe that on average, NC and CC iron meteorites are characterized by distinct Delta S-33 (Delta S-33(NC) = ...
• A universal strategy for multicolor organic circularly polarized afterglow materials with high dissymmetry factors AI翻译
  作者：Yin, Chenjia; Sun, Siyu; Yan, Zi-Ang; Hu, Honglong; Jiang, Ping; Xu, Zhuoran; Tian, He; Ma, Xiang
  作者单位：East China University of Science & Technology; East China University of Science & Technology; East China University of Science & Technology
  摘要：Materials with pure organic circularly polarized afterglow (CPA) have attracted significant attention due to their spatiotemporal-resolved optical properties, yet achieving simultaneous high dissymmetry factor (glum) and multicolor ultralong emission remains a challenge. Here, we establish a universal energy transfer-photon coupling strategy to realize CPA spanning from blue to red with record-high glum (up to 1.90) and ultralong lifetimes (>6 s). Systematic characterization of nonchiral donor...