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作者：Kostritskii, Andrei Y.; Kostritskaia, Yulia; Dmitrieva, Natalia; Stauber, Tobias; Machtens, Jan-Philipp
作者单位：Helmholtz Association; Research Center Julich; MSH Medical School Hamburg; Hannover Medical School
摘要：TMEM16A is a Ca2+-activated Cl-channel that has crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes. However, the structure of the open state of the channel and the mechanism of Ca2+-induced pore opening have remained elusive. Using extensive molecular dynamics simulations, protein structure prediction, and patch-clamp electrophysiology, we demonstrate that TMEM16A opens a hydrated Cl--conductive pore via a pi-helical transition in transmembrane segment 4 (TM4). We also describe ...
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作者：Alonso-Pauli, Eduard; Balart, Pau; Ezquerra, Lara; Hernandez-Arenaz, Inigo
作者单位：Universitat de les Illes Balears; Universidad Publica de Navarra; Universidad Publica de Navarra
摘要：Through a field study (N = 1,519) that uses a technology to record real-time data on waste sorting, we find that offering the opportunity to sign a pledge increases the effectiveness of an environmental campaign. With a timespan of over four years, the pledge increased waste sorting participation by 4.55 to 5.10 percentage points (SD = 0.1997). The effect is greater immediately after the campaign (around 9 to 10 pp during the first 15 wk), but it remains sizable and statistically significant 1...
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作者：Tang, Haitong; Zou, Yan; Zhang, Hai-Ning; Jin, Guo-Xin
作者单位：Fudan University; Nanjing University
摘要：Supported by chiral stationary phase high- performance liquid chromatography HPLC (CSP- HPLC), examples of chiral mechanically interlocked organic molecules, including knots, rotaxanes, and catenanes, have been reported. However, the exploration of stereoselective construction of chiral cationic complexes, particularly those induced by point chirality, has been notably limited due to the constraints posed by the type of chiral chromatographic columns and separation efficiency. To address this,...
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作者：Bullington, Ashley, V; Micallo, Ilaria; Bajaj, Bilkish; Kumar, Pankaj; Schlamowitz, Netanya; Silva, Aurora; Hendrix, Sebastian; Zelcer, Noam; Kober, Daniel L.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Amsterdam
摘要：Site-one protease (S1P) carries out the first proteolytic step to activate membrane-bound effector proteins in the Golgi. S1P matures through an autocatalytic process that begins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and culminates with the displacement of its inhibitory pro-domain by its cofactor, sterol regulatory element binding protein-regulating gene (SPRING). Spatial control of S1P activity and substrate localization underpins signaling pathways governing, among others, lipogenesis, ER stres...
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作者：Forsythe, Amy B.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia
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作者：Hessel, Anthony L.
作者单位：University of Munster
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作者：Master, Allison; Meltzoff, Andrew N.; Tang, Daijiazi; Cheryan, Sapna
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：STEM disciplines are traditionally stereotyped as being for men and boys. However, in two preregistered studies of Grades 1 to 12 students in the United States (N = 2,765), we find a significant divergence in students' gender stereotypes about different STEM fields. Gender stereotypes about computer science and engineering more strongly favored boys than did gender stereotypes about math and science. These patterns hold across genders, intersections of gender and race/ethnicity, and two geogra...
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作者：Ong, Seow Theng; Nam, Young - Woo; Nasburg, Joshua A.; Ramanishka, Alena; Ng, Xuan Rui; Zhuang, Zhong; Goay, Stephanie Shee Min; Nguyen, Hai M.; Singh, Latika; Singh, Vikrant; Rivera, Alicia; Eyster, M. Elaine; Xu, Yang; Alper, Seth L.; Wulff, Heike; Zhang, Miao; Chandy, K. George
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; Chapman University System; Chapman University; University of California System; University of California Davis; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Penn State Health; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
摘要：The 1,4-dihydropyridines, drugs with well-established bioavailability and toxicity profiles, have proven efficacy in treating human hypertension, peripheral vascular disorders, and coronary artery disease. Every 1,4-dihydropyridine in clinical use blocks L-type voltage-gated calcium channels. We now report our development, using selective optimization of a side activity (SOSA), of a class of 1,4-dihydropyridines that selectively and potently inhibit the intermediate-conductance calcium-activat...
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作者：Yang, Hua; Brennan, Vincent; Gao, Zhi; Liu, Jian; Boadu, Frimpong; Cheng, Jianlin; Birchler, James A.
作者单位：University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：Genomic imbalance refers to the more severe phenotypic consequences of changing a single chromosome compared to changing the whole genomic set. Previous genomic imbalance studies in maize have identified gene expression modulation in aneuploids of single chromosome arms. Here, the modulation of gene expression in more complex aneuploids, e.g., monosomy of one chromosome arm and trisomy of another was examined to determine the extent that combination aneuploids were additive, multiplicative, or...
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作者：Lee, Geon; Choi, Wonjae; Seung, Hong Min; Kim, Seokwoo; Rho, Junsuk
作者单位：Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); Korea Research Institute of Standards & Science (KRISS); University of Science & Technology (UST); Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)
摘要：Metasurfaces have garnered significant attention for unnatural abilities to modulate waves across various physics domains, including elastics. However, existing elastic metasurfaces are limited to narrowband operations due to chromatic aberrations; moreover, these exhibit highly discrete phase profiles due to the empty spaces required for each meta- atom to function as an individual waveguide. Herein, to address these, we propose a synthesized dispersion engineering that compensates for higher...
