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作者：Granulo, Armin; Fuchs, Christoph; Boehm, Robert
作者单位：Technical University of Munich; University of Vienna; University of Vienna; University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; University of Innsbruck
摘要：Governments need to develop and implement effective policies to address pressing societal problems of our time, such as climate change and global pandemics. While some policies focus on changing individual thoughts and behaviors (e.g., informational interventions, behavioral nudges), others involve systemic changes (e.g., car bans, vaccination mandates). Policymakers may use system-level policies to achieve socially desirable outcomes, yet often refrain from doing so because they anticipate pu...
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作者：Cappello, Lorenzo; Lo, Wai Tung 'Jack'; Zhang, Joy Z.; Xu, Peiyu; Barrow, Daniel; Chopra, Ishani; Clark, Andrew G.; Wells, Martin T.; Kim, Jaehee
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：Many organisms employ reversible dormancy, or seedbank, in response to environmental fluctuations. This life-history strategy alters fundamental ecoevolutionary forces, leading to distinct patterns of genetic diversity. Two models of dormancy have been proposed based on the average duration of dormancy relative to coalescent timescales: weak seedbank, induced by scheduled seasonality (e.g., plants, invertebrates), and strong seedbank, where individuals stochastically switch between active and ...
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作者：Casadevall, Arturo; Hardwick, J. Marie
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
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作者：Chen, Sihan; Huang, Siyuan; Son, Jangyup; Han, Edmund; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Huang, Pinshane Y.; King, William P.; Zande, Arend M. van der; Bashir, Rashid
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; National Institute for Materials Science; National Institute for Materials Science; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST); Jeonbuk National University
摘要：A long-unrealized goal in solid-state nanopore sensing is to achieve out-of-plane electrical sensing and control of DNA during translocation, which is a prerequisite for base-by-base ratcheting that enables DNA sequencing in biological nanopores. Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures, with their capability to construct out-of-plane electronics with atomic layer precision, are ideal yet unexplored candidates for use as electrical sensing membranes. Here, we demonstrate a nanopore architecture u...
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作者：Chi, Guanghua; Abel, Guy J.; Johnston, Drew; Giraudy, Eugenia; Bailey, Mike
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Harvard University
摘要：Existing estimates of human migration are limited in their scope, reliability, and timeliness, prompting the United Nations and the Global Compact on Migration to call for improved data collection. Using privacy protected records from three billion Facebook users, we estimate country-to-country migration flows at monthly granularity for 181 countries, accounting for selection into Facebook usage. Our estimates closely match high-quality measures of migration where available but can be produced...
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作者：Cordero, Radames J. B.; de Groh, Kim K.; Dragotakes, Quigly; Singla, Saranshu; Maurer, Christopher; Trunek, Andrew; Chiu, Arlene; Hwang, Jonghyun; Crowell, Sylvie; Benyo, Theresa; Thon, Susanna M.; Rothschild, Lynn J.; Dhinojwala, Ali; Casadevall, Arturo
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Glenn Research Center; University System of Ohio; University of Akron; Johns Hopkins University; Princeton University; Johns Hopkins University; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA)
摘要：Materials in low Earth orbit (LEO) face radiation, atomic oxygen erosion, and extreme temperature fluctuations, which can severely compromise their structural and functional integrity. Developing lightweight, multifunctional materials capable of withstanding these harsh conditions is critical for long-term space exploration and sustainable extraterrestrial settlements. This study evaluates the structural stability and radiation shielding efficacy of polylactic acid (PLA) and biocomposites, inc...
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作者：Jo, Yeara; Greene, Trever T.; Chiale, Carolina; Zhang, Kai; Fang, Ziyan; Dallari, Simone; Marooki, Nuha; Wang, Wei; Zuniga, Elina I.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Plasmacytoid Dendritic cells (pDCs) are the most potent producers of interferons, which are critical antiviral cytokines. pDC development is, however, compromised following a viral infection, and this phenomenon, as well as its relationship to conventional (c)DC development is still incompletely understood. By using lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in mice as a model system, we observed that DC progenitors skewed away from pDC and toward cDC development during in vivo viral ...
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作者：Zhu, Manlu; Mori, Matteo; Hwa, Terence; Dai, Xiongfeng
作者单位：Central China Normal University; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Bacteria are known to allocate their proteomes according to how fast they grow, and the allocation strategies employed strongly affect bacterial adaptation to different environments. Much of what is currently known about proteome allocation is based on extensive studies of the model organism Escherichia coli. It is not clear how much of E. coli's proteome allocation strategy is applicable to other species, particularly since different species can grow at vastly different rates even in the same...
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作者：Duckworth, Angela Lee; Quinn, Patrick D.; Lynam, Donald R.
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作者：Ferrero, Giulio; Cardamone, Maria Dafne; Luca, Francesca; Bourk, Eliot; Ricci, Laura; Liu, Wen; Gao, Yuan; Burrone, Giulia; Muhammad, Akhirah; Chan, Stefanie; Smith, Emma; Fan, Ting-Yu Claire; Cutrupi, Santina; Garcia -Bassets, Ivan; De Bortoli, Michele; Rosenfeld, Michael G.; Perissi, Valentina
作者单位：University of Turin; Boston University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Turin
摘要：Tight regulation of gene expression is achieved through the coordinated action of transcription factors and cofactors that often can act as both repressors and activators in response to regulatory signals, with their activity modulated by context-specific signal transduction pathways that also impinge on their transient and cyclical recruitment to chromatin. However, the mechanisms underlying the intricate interplay between the regulatory strategies controlling cofactors' activity and localiza...
