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作者：Zhang, Jing; Yang, Wei; Wu, Jiangmei; Lin, Bin
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Central South University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
摘要：Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal diseases characterized by the progressive loss of photoreceptors. Neuroinflammation has been implicated the pathophysiology of RP and its progression. Previous studies have suggested that the transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) plays a pivotal role in regulating acute and chronic neuroinflammation. However, the functional role of TAK1 neuroinflammation remains unclear in RP. Here, we observed TAK1 upregulation acti...
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作者：McTavish, Emily Jane; Gerbracht, Jeff A.; Holder, Mark T.; Iliff, MarshallJ.; Lepage, Denis; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Redelings, Benjamin D.; Reyes, Luna L. Sanchez; Miller, Eliot T.
作者单位：Cornell University; University of Kansas; University of Kansas
摘要：We present a complete, time-scaled, evolutionary tree of the world's bird species. This tree unites phylogenetic estimates for 9,239 species from 262 studies published between 1990 and 2024, using the Open Tree synthesis algorithm. The remaining species are placed in the tree based on curated taxonomic information. The tips of this complete tree are aligned to the species in the Clements Taxonomy used by eBird and other resources, and cross-mapped to other taxonomic systems including the Open ...
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作者：Argyle, Lisa P.; Busby, Ethan C.; Cubler, Joshua R.; Lyman, Alex; Olcott, Justin; Pond, Jackson; Wingate, David
作者单位：Brigham Young University; Brigham Young University
摘要：Despite its importance to society and many decades of research, key questions about the social and psychological processes of political persuasion remain unanswered, often due to data limitations. We propose that AI tools, specifically generative large language models (LLMs), can be used to address these limitations, offering important advantages in the study of political persuasion. In two preregistered online survey experiments, we demonstrate the potential of generative AI as a tool to stud...
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作者：Higgins, Michael D.; Greene, Chris H.
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：This work treats resonant collisions between five identical ultracold bosons in the framework of the adiabatic hyperspherical representation. The five-body recombination rate coefficient is quantified using a semiclassical description in conjunction with an analysis of the lowest five-body hyperspherical adiabatic potential curves in a scattering length regime with no universal weakly bound tetramers, trimers, or dimers. A comparison is made between these results and the only existing experime...
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作者：Morejon, Bianca; Michel, Kristin
作者单位：Kansas State University
摘要：Serine protease cascades regulate key innate immune responses. Their activation cleaves a series of inactive protease zymogens, which then activate downstream effector enzymes, ensuring a rapid response. In mosquitoes, these cascades involve clip-domain serine proteases and their noncatalytic homologs (CLIPs), whose make-up and structural organization are not fully understood. Here, we systematically assessed the contribution of individual CLIPs to humoral immunity in Anopheles gambiae, by per...
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作者：Sun, Qiu; Tian, Xiaowen; Tan, Lun; Deng, Yan; Liu, Sicen; Xiong, Yixiao; Feng, Yuying; Wang, Yujia; Zhang, Lele; Zhu, Jiayi; Xiao, Huan; Shao, Zhenhua; Guo, Yingqiang; Yan, Wei; Li, Tao; Ouyang, Liang
作者单位：Sichuan University; Sichuan University; Sichuan University; Sichuan University; Shanghai University; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory
摘要：Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a significant global health burden, yet effective pharmacotherapies remain elusive. The angiotensin-like 1 receptor, also known as the apelin receptor (APLNR), is a promising target for treating HFpEF due to its role in modulating cardiovascular function. Despite the cardioprotective effects of endogenous ligand, apelin, achieving G-protein-biased agonism for therapeutic benefit poses a significant challenge. In this study, we u...
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作者：Wu, Zhiwei; Wu, Xiaotong; Wang, Zhizhi; Ye, Xiqian; Pang, Lan; Wang, Yanping; Zhou, Yuenan; Chen, Ting; Zhou, Sicong; Wang, Zehua; Sheng, Yifeng; Zhang, Qichao; Chen, Jiani; Tang, Pu; Shen, Xingxing; Huang, Jianhua; Drezen, Jean- Michel; Strand, Michael R.; Chen, Xuexin
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Universite de Tours; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：Animals often exhibit increased aggression in response to starvation, while parasites often manipulate host behavior. In contrast, underlying molecular mechanisms for these behavioral changes are mostly unknown. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is an agricultural pest that feeds on cruciferous plants as larvae, while Cotesia vestalis is a parasitoid wasp that parasitizes diamondback moth larvae. In this study, we determined that unparasitized diamondback moth larvae exhibit increased...
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作者：Zhou, Yifan; Zhu, Xiaoshu; Li, Tianyue; Zhou, Zhou; Bi, Qianhui; Liu, Jun; Chen, Jian; Fu, Boyan; He, Juanzi; Feng, Xiaojing; Feng, Xinyang; Liu, Xingyu; Wang, Qianjin; Wang, Shuming; Wang, Zhenlin; Qiu, Cheng - Wei; Zhu, Shining
作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); National University of Singapore; University of Shanghai for Science & Technology; Nanjing University
摘要：Traditional quantum imaging is featured by remarkable sensitivity and signal- to- noise ratio, but limited by bulkiness and static function (either phase contrast imaging or edge detection). Our report synergizes a polarization- entangled source with a metasurface consisting of various sophisticatedly engineered spatial frequency segments. By tuning polarization, we demonstrate multiple on- state quantum imaging modes, enabling flexible switching between phase contrast, edge, and arbitrary sup...
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作者：Dartois, Veronique; Lan, Tian; Ganapathy, Uday S.; Wong, Chui Fann; Sarathy, Jickky P.; Jimenez, Diana C.; Alshiraihi, Ilham M.; Lam, Ha; Rodriguez, Suyapa; Xie, Min; Soto-Ojeda, Maritza; Jackson, Mary; Wheat, William; Dillman, Nathan C.; Kostenkova, Kateryna; Schmitt, Jake; Mann, Lea; Richter, Adrian; Imming, Peter; Sarathy, Jansy; Kaya, Firat; Paruchuri, Sindhuja; Tatek, Betelhem; Folvar, Camilla; Proietto, Julianna; Zimmerman, Matthew; Gonzalez-Juarrero, Mercedes; Aldrich, Courtney C.; Dick, Thomas
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Georgetown University
摘要：Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing nontuberculous Mycobacterium causing severe pulmonary infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals and patients with underlying lung conditions like cystic fibrosis (CF). While rifamycins are the pillar of tuberculosis treatment, their efficacy against M. abscessus lung disease is severely cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), a major human drug- metabolizing enzyme, further limiting their use in patients with comorbidities that require treatment...
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作者：Wang, Hong; Guan, Jiwen; Xu, Guangxian; Mercier, Xavier; Zhang, Jinyang; Guo, Haotian; Yu, Tongzhu; Gui, Huaqiao; Huang, Teng; Truhlar, Donald G.; Wang, Zhandong
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Universite de Lille; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences (INSIS); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS; Anhui Institute of Optics & Fine Mechanics (AIOFM), CAS; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Carbonaceous particles are widespread in combustion, atmospheric, extraterrestrial, and nanomaterials environments. Resonance-stabilized radicals (RSRs) are commonly identified in fuel combustion and pyrolysis processes and play an essential role in carbonaceous particle formation. Despite their importance, comprehensive experimental and mechanistic understanding of particle inception through RSR reactions is lacking. This work investigated particle size distribution, chemical composition, and...
