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作者：Causa, Erika; Das, Debasish; Feriani, Luigi; Kotar, Jurij; Cicuta, Pietro
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Strathclyde
摘要：The ciliated epithelium of the human respiratory tract is covered by the airway surface liquid, a protective fluid consisting of two layers: the periciliary layer (PCL), where motile cilia reside and generate fluid flow, and an overlying mucus layer. The complex structure and stratified nature of the PCL complicate both the prediction and quantification of fluid flow at the scale of individual or small groups of cilia, making it difficult to connect microscopic flows to macroscopic clearance. ...
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作者：Ramos, Kevin E.; Nandigrami, Prithviraj; Najafian, Ahmad; Lai, Jonathan R.; Fiser, Andras
作者单位：Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University
摘要：Single-domain antibodies, such as variable heavy domain of heavy chain (VHH) domains from camelids, are an attractive platform for therapeutic purposes. VHHs have a smaller size than traditional antibodies, which harbors certain advantages such as tissue penetration or accessing epitopes that may be shielded by protein domains. However, the smaller size of VHHs typically involves a smaller binding site, which can limit the scope of related antigens they are able to bind and, in the specific ca...
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作者：Singh, Milind; Wolfe, Aaron D.; Vishwanath, Anjali A.; Tsives, Anastasia; Gonzalez, Ian J.; Emerson, Sarah E.; Goodman, Richard; Colon-Ramos, Daniel
作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Marine Biological Laboratory - Woods Hole; University of Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus
摘要：Glycogen is the largest energy reserve in the brain, but the specific role of glycogen in supporting neuronal energy metabolism in vivo is not well understood. We established a system in Caenorhabditis elegans to dynamically probe glycolytic states in single cells of living animals via the use of the glycolytic sensor HYlight and determined that neurons can dynamically regulate glycolysis in response to activity or transient hypoxia. We performed an RNAi screen and identified that PYGL-1, an o...
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作者：Zhang, Rui; Wu, Xiaokang; Kim, Seho; Kim, Brian; Xie, Catherine; Gonzalez, Devina; Norris, Raven; Chin, Nicholas; Li, Liang; John, Scott; Philipson, Kenneth D.; Ottolia, Michela; Goldhaber, Joshua I.
作者单位：Cedars Sinai Medical Center; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Cedars Sinai Medical Center
摘要：The cardiac sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX1) is a critical regulator of intracellular calcium (Ca) in cardiomyocytes. Although strongly regulated by pH, the role of NCX1 pH sensitivity in cardiac function and intracellular Ca regulation is not understood. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to produce a pH-resistant NCX1 mouse by replacing histidine 165 with alanine (H165A). H165A mice live into adulthood and are fertile. Comparative studies in isolated ventricular myocytes demonstrated that NCX1 current (I-NC...
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作者：Kang, Sukjae J.; Liu, Shijia; Kim, Jong-Hyun; Kim, Dong-Il; Oh, Tae Gyu; Peng, Jiahang; Ye, Mao; Lee, Kuo-Fen; Evans, Ronald M.; Goulding, Martyn; Han, Sung
作者单位：Salk Institute; Salk Institute; Salk Institute; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Pain is both a sensory and emotional experience caused by various harmful stimuli. While numerous studies have explored peripheral and central pain mechanisms, the specific neural circuits linking the spinal cord to the brain remain poorly defined. In this study, we demonstrate the involvement of calcitonin gene- related peptide (CGRP)- positive neurons in the parvicellular part of the subparafascicular nucleus (SPFp) in pain. Tracing dorsal horn. Increased calcium activity was observed in CGR...
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作者：Lang, Jaclyn; Wake, Preston
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; Michigan State University
摘要：Let N and p be prime numbers with p >= 5 such that p || (N + 1). In a previous paper, we showed that there is a cuspform f of weight 2 and level t0(N2) whose -th pound Fourier coefficient is congruent to pound + 1 modulo a prime above p for all primes pound. In this paper, we prove that this form f is unique up to Galois conjugacy, and the extension of Zp generated by the coefficients of f is exactly Zp[zeta p + 1-1]. We also prove similar results when a higher power of p divides N + 1.
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作者：Basavaraj, Chinmai; Reimann, Martin; Barnard, Kobus; Nadel, Lynn
作者单位：University of Arizona; University of Arizona; University of Arizona
摘要：This research investigates the neurophysiological mechanisms of experiential versus monetary choices under risk. While ventral striatum and insula activity are instrumental in predicting monetary choices, we find that hippocampal activity plays a key role in predicting experiential choices, which we theorize is due to its role in retrieving autobiographical memories. This neurophysiological differentiation clarifies observed variations in risk preferences between experiential and monetary pros...
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作者：Disanto, Valentina; Qi, Xuewei; Berio, Fidji; Albi, Angela; Akanyeti, Otar
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Stockholm University; University of Konstanz; Max Planck Society; University of Konstanz; University of Konstanz; Aberystwyth University
摘要：Hovering, the ability to maintain a stationary position in fluid, is essential for many fish species during prey capture, habitat exploration, and mating. While traditionally assumed to be energetically inexpensive for fishes with a swim bladder, the metabolic costs and morphological factors influencing postural stability during hovering remain poorly understood. Hovering requires fishes to counteract small instabilities in position and orientation, often through continuous adjustments using t...
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作者：Simoncelli, Michele; Fournier, Daniele; Marangolo, Massimiliano; Balan, Etienne; Beneut, Keevin; Baptiste, Benoit; Doisneau, Beatrice; Marzari, Nicola; Mauri, Francesco
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Columbia University; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Sapienza University Rome
摘要：The thermal conductivities of crystals and glasses vary strongly and with opposite trends upon heating, decreasing in crystals and increasing in glasses. Here, we show that the dominant conduction mechanisms of crystals (particle-like propagation) and glasses (wave-like tunneling) can compensate in materials with crystalline bond order and nearly glassy bond geometry, yielding a hybrid crystal-glass conductivity that is constant from the quantum to the classical regime (i.e., from below to abo...
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作者：Sinclair, Alyssa H.; Cosme, Danielle; Lydic, Kirsten; Reinero, Diego A.; Mann, Michael E.; Falk, Emily B.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
