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作者：Hoffman, Mikaila C.; Li, Mingshan; Hazelbauer, Gerald L.; Schlau-Cohen, Gabriela S.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：In chemotaxis, motile bacteria recognize external molecules and move toward favorable ling, control a histidine kinase, and undergo posttranslational adaptational modifications. Chemoreceptors are thought to function by switching between two signaling states: kinase- off, favored by ligand occupancy, and kinase- on, favored by adaptational modification. Many structural and biochemical features of the two states have been identified, but little is known about the equilibrium between them and th...
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作者：Kim, Jihoon; Kim, Dong Won; Choi, Jong Hui; Goddard III, William A.; Kang, Jeung Ku
作者单位：Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); California Institute of Technology
摘要：Water splitting for hydrogen production is essential in advancing the hydrogen economy. Multiprincipal element alloys offer promising opportunities for optimizing this process, yet their vast compositional space and the presence of local minima pose significant challenges for experimental and AI-driven exploration. To overcome these challenges, an AI framework is developed by integrating Gaussian Process Regression with a configuration entropy-based acquisition function for screening and a des...
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作者：Nguyen, Phuong L.; Pomati, Francesco; Rohr, Rudolf P.
作者单位：University of Fribourg; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & Technology (EAWAG)
摘要：Inferring coexistence metrics, such as niche and fitness differences, in changing environments is key for understanding the mechanism behind species coexistence and predicting its likelihood. However, it first requires estimating the per capita interactions between organisms and their intrinsic growth rates-parameters that are typically measured by isolating organisms from their natural context. Here, we first use weighted multivariate regression on the per capita growth rates of populations t...
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作者：Choi, Hyewon; Cha, Youngjae; McCullough, Michael E.; Coles, Nicholas A.; Oishi, Shigehiro
作者单位：Kyung Hee University; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California San Diego; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：Gratitude practice is a popular strategy for promoting happiness worldwide. However, is it equally effective for people from different cultural backgrounds? To answer this question, we conducted a preregistered meta-analysis on the effectiveness of gratitude interventions on well-being across cultures. Using data from 145 papers, 163 samples, 727 effect sizes, and 24,804 participants from 28 countries, we found that gratitude interventions led to small overall increases in well-being, Hedges' ...
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作者：Juel, Mikkelmetzsch; Malthe-Sorenssen, Anders; Sveinsson, Henrik Andersen
作者单位：University of Oslo; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research
摘要：The friction force typically increases linearly with normal load with a constant of proportionality called the coefficient of friction. Most materials exhibit a positive friction coefficient, so that an increase in the normal load leads to an increase in the friction force. Recently, materials with negative friction coefficients have been observed at meticulously constructed interfaces due to an interplay between superstructures at heterojunctions, out-of-plane buckling, or the ordering of thi...
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作者：Miller, Grant; Shane, Jack; Snipp, C. Matthew
作者单位：Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：In contrast to earlier US policies of open war, forcible removal, and relocation individually titled plots of land rather than members of collective tribes with communal land. Considerable scholarship shows that the consequences of the policy differed substantially from its stated goals, and by the time of its repeal in 1934, American Indians had lost two-thirds of all native land held in 1887 (86 million acres)-and nearly two-thirds of American Indians had become landless or unable to meet su...
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作者：Zhang, Yuxuan; Wang, Jinjin; Qing, Guangchao; Wang, Yongchao; Li, Xianlei; Luo, Ting; Wang, Yi - Feng; Liu, Lu; Wang, Yufei; Ni, Qiankun; Li, Shuyi; Chen, Junge; Li, Fangzhou; Guo, Weisheng; Zhang, Jinchao; Gong, Ningqiang; Liang, Xing - Jie
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Center for Nanoscience & Technology, CAS; Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Medical University; Hebei University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
摘要：Cancer immunotherapy has shown tremendous promise in various cancers. However, current strategies, such as immune checkpoint blockade, primarily restore exhausted T cells but provide only transient efficacy, as the rapid clearance of antibodies. Their limited durability is further hindered by persistent T cell-tumor cell interactions that accelerate T cell exhaustion. To prevent T cells from sustained exposure to these interactions, we present a hydrogel-based biomimetic physical barrier (BPB)...
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作者：Zhu, Zhengyang; Wang, Han; Li, Tiexiang; Huang, Tsung- Ming; Yang, Huiquan; Tao, Zhennan; Tan, Zhong-Heng; Zhou, Jianan; Chen, Sixuan; Ye, Meiping; Zhang, Zhiqiang; Li, Feng; Liu, Dongming; Wang, Maoxue; Lu, Jiaming; Zhang, Wen; Li, Xin; Chen, Qian; Jiang, Zhuoru; Chen, Futao; Zhang, Xin; Lin, Wen- Wei; Yau, Shing-Tung; Zhang, Bing
作者单位：Nanjing University; Southeast University - China; Southeast University - China; Nanjing Center for Applied Mathematics; Shanghai Institute for Mathematics & Interdisciplinary Sciences; National Taiwan Normal University; Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Tsinghua University; Nanjing University; Nanjing University
摘要：Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor and preoperative genetic profiling is essential for the management of glioma patients. Our study focused on tumor regions segmentation and predicting the World Health Organization (WHO) grade, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, and 1p/19q codeletion status using deep learning models on preoperative MRI. To achieve accurate tumor segmentation, we developed an optimal mass transport (OMT) approach to transform irregular MRI brain imag...
