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作者：Ben-Michael, Eli; Greiner, D. James; Huang, Melody; Imai, Kosuke; Jiang, Zhichao; Shin, Sooahn
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; Harvard University; Yale University; Yale University; Harvard University; Harvard University; Sun Yat Sen University
摘要：The use of AI, or more generally data-driven algorithms, has become ubiquitous in today's society. Yet, in many cases and especially when stakes are high, humans still make final decisions. The critical question, therefore, is whether AI helps humans make better decisions compared to a human-alone or AI-alone system. We introduce a methodological framework to answer this question empirically with minimal assumptions. We measure a decision maker's ability to make correct decisions using standar...
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作者：Murakami, Tatsuya C.; Belenko, Nick; Dennis, Griffin; Wang, Cuidong; Siantoputri, Maria Esterlita; Maeda, Yurie; Pressl, Christina; Heintz, Nathaniel
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Rockefeller University
摘要：Fluorescence imaging enables visualization of the specific molecules of interest with high contrast, and the use of multiple fluorophores in a single tissue sample allows visualization of complex relationships between biological molecules, cell types, and anatomy. The utility of fluorescence imaging in human tissue has been limited by endogenous pigments that can block the light path or emit an autofluorescence, thereby interfering with the specific imaging of target molecules. Although photob...
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作者：Samir, Sherihan; Elshereef, Abdalla A.; Alva, Vikram; Hahn, Jeanette; Eck, Frederik; Celma, Louisa; Lopes, Eduardo S.; Thormann, Kai; Dubnau, David; Galperin, Michael Y.; Selim, Khaled A.
作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Ain Shams University; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); National Research Centre (NRC); Max Planck Society; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Biomedical & Health Sciences; Rutgers University Newark; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University Newark; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Biomedical & Health Sciences; Justus Liebig University Giessen; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Library of Medicine (NLM); Division of Intramural Research (DIR)
摘要：Cyclic dimeric-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial second messenger that regulates a variety of cellular processes, including motility, biofilm formation, secretion, cell cycle progression, and development, and also contributes to the virulence of many bacterial pathogens. While the genes encoding c-di-GMP cyclases and hydrolases are readily identifiable in microbial genomes, known c-di-GMP receptor domains are quite few, with only PilZ and MshEN broadly distributed across bacterial phyla...
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作者：Hua, Jingyu; Ge, Xianliang; Dou, Min; Zhang, Yuqi; Ge, Liezhong; Fogel, Stuart; Zhang, Jianfeng; Northoff, Georg
作者单位：Shenzhen University; Zhejiang University; University of Ottawa; University of Ottawa; Shaanxi Normal University
摘要：Our spontaneous thoughts encompass various dimensions, such as task-relatedness (off vs. on task), and thought orientation (internal vs. external). However, their distinction remains unclear. Our study addresses this issue by focusing on their timescales at both the behavioral level (using fast and slow finger tapping) and the neural level (using EEG) using two independent datasets (N = 84 and 35). Behavioral results revealed a double dissociation: Task-relatedness was linked to fast tapping o...
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作者：Rodriguez, Jose A.; Minis, Adi; Aref, Rasha; Nguyen, Hieu Hoang Minh; Sun, Fiona; Steller, Hermann; Chao, Moses
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Stanford University
摘要：Neurodegenerative diseases present one of the most significant global health challenges. These disorders are defined by the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates that impair synaptic function and cause progressive neuronal degeneration. Therefore, stimulating protein clearance mechanisms may be neuroprotective. Variants in FBXO7/ PARK15 cause Parkinsonian Pyramidal Syndrome, an early-onset parkinsonian neurodegenerative disorder in humans, and inactivation of this gene in mice recapitula...
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作者：Abdellaoui, Abdel; Wesseldijk, Laura W.; Gordon, Scott D.; Smit, Dirk J. A.; Androvicova, Renata; Martin, Nicholas G.; Ullen, Fredrik; Mosing, Miriam A.; Zietsch, Brendan P.; Verweij, Karin J. H.
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Karolinska Institutet; University of Melbourne; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Karolinska Institutet; National Institute of Mental Health - Czech Republic; University of Queensland
摘要：Romantic (typically sexual) relationships are important to personal, physical, mental, social, and economic well-being, and to human evolution. Yet little is known about factors contributing to long-term lack of intimate relationships. We investigated phenotypic and genetic correlates of never having had sex in similar to 400,000 UK residents aged 39 to 73 and similar to 13,500 Australian residents aged 18 to 89. The strongest associations revealed that sexless individuals were more educated, ...
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作者：Dong, Junkai; Sommer, Ophelia Evelyn; Soejima, Tomohiro; Parker, Daniel E.; Vishwanath, Ashvin
作者单位：Harvard University; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Recent advances in 2D materials featuring nonzero Berry curvature have inspired extensions of the Wigner crystallization paradigm. This paper derives a low-energy effective theory for such quantum crystals, including the anomalous Hall crystal (AHC) with nonzero Chern number. First, we show that the low frequency dispersion of phonons in AHC, despite the presence of Berry curvature, resembles that of the zero field (rather than finite magnetic field) Wigner crystal due to the commutation of tr...
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作者：Whitridge, Peter
作者单位：Memorial University Newfoundland
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作者：Yuan, Yichuan; Niu, Yi; Huang, Zhenkun; Shi, Yunxing; Lin, Zhu; Zuo, Dinglan; Zhong, Chengrui; Li, Kai; Guan, Xin - Yuan; Yuan, Yunfei; Li, Binkui
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; State Key Lab Oncology South China; Sun Yat Sen University; University of Hong Kong
摘要：Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently develops resistance to CD8+ T cell-based immunotherapy, yet the mechanisms driving this immune evasion remain poorly understood. To identify tumor-intrinsic regulators of immunotherapy resistance and explore therapeutic strategies to restore T cell-mediated tumor control, we employed three functional genomics approaches using in vitro and in vivo CRISPR screening. Cancer USP14 was identified as the critical immune evasion driver. USP14-high HCC patient...
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作者：Junker, Robert R.; Farwig, Nina
