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作者：Vu, Han N.; Lee, Minhyeong; Situ, Alan J.; An, Woojin; Ley, Klaus; Kim, Chungho; Ulmer, Tobias S.
作者单位：University of Southern California; Korea University; University of Southern California; University System of Georgia; Augusta University
摘要：In biological membranes, proteins face a fundamentally different environment than in water. To avoid untenable lipid contacts with polar backbone atoms, they use the continuous hydrogen bonding achieved by alpha- helices or beta- barrels to traverse membranes. Here, we show that integrin alpha X, and by homology alpha M, undermine this paradigm by partially unfolding the N-terminal third of their transmembrane (TM) helix. Unfolding results in a dynamic, frayed helix that weakens the associatio...
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作者：Zhang, Yi-Bao; Li, Lu; Fan, Yaning; Su, Jinghong; Xi, Heng-Dong; Sun, Chao
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology; China University of Petroleum; Northwestern Polytechnical University; Tsinghua University
摘要：Elastic turbulence (ET) and elastoinertial turbulence (EIT) of viscoelastic fluids are unique flow states with features distinct from the inertial turbulence of Newtonian fluids. Whether these two states are connected or entirely decoupled remains controversial. We here resolve this controversy by providing experimental evidence of a continuous transition between ET and EIT in Taylor-Couette flow. Through experimentally quantifying the roles of elasticity and inertia in flow stability, we find...
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作者：Dai, Jun; Chen, Chuan; Zhai, Zhi - Qiang; Gao, A. - Xiang; Johnson, David R.; Kopittke, Peter M.; Zhao, Fang - Jie; Wang, Peng
作者单位：Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Agricultural University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & Technology (EAWAG); University of Bern; University of Queensland
摘要：Arsenic contamination in rice poses a global challenge to food safety and agricultural productivity, as toxic methylated arsenic species-dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and its highly toxic derivative, methylated monothioarsenate (DMMTA)-accumulate in rice grains. These arsenic species endanger human health and trigger rice straighthead disease, a crop disorder that drastically reduces yields. However, the microbial ecological processes driving arsenic speciation in paddy soils, and their link to s...
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作者：Cai, Zhaoxian; Wu, Xiaotian; Wang, Tianyi; Song, Zijun; Ni, Pu; Zhong, Meijuan; Su, Yunxing; Xie, Enjun; Sun, Shumin; Lin, Yangjun; Min, Junxia; Wang, Fudi
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; University of South China
摘要：While numerous genetic risk loci are linked to kidney disease, a unifying therapeutic target for diverse renal pathologies remains elusive. Here, through large-cohort polymorphic locus screening, we identify the SLC39A8 A391T variant (rs13107325) as a shared modifier of multiple kidney diseases. Functional characterization using Slc39a8 A391T knock-in mice and kidney-specific Slc39a8 knockout mice reveals that loss of SLC39A8 function reduces renal zinc accumulation, thereby mitigating suscept...
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作者：Gervais, Will M.; McKay, Ryan T.; Brown-Iannuzzi, Jazmin L.; Ross, Robert M.; Pennycook, Gordon; Jong, Jonathan; Lanman, Jonathan A.
作者单位：Brunel University; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; University of Virginia; Macquarie University; Cornell University; Coventry University; Queens University Belfast
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作者：Hazime, Khodor S.; Sheppard, Sam; Niembro-Vivanco, Olatz; Hosty, Cathal; Thomas, Heather; Loosbroock, Christopher; Peiser, Leanne; Davis, Daniel M.
作者单位：Imperial College London; University of Manchester; Bristol-Myers Squibb
摘要：Engagers are antibody-based therapies which bind immune cell receptors and a target cell ligand. Next-gen engagers typically bind two activating receptors, but the effect of this on immune synapse formation and signaling is unknown. Here, we coligated activating receptors CD16a and NKG2D on natural killer (NK) cells with a CD33-binding anti-acute myeloid leukemia (AML) engager. Superresolution microscopy revealed that coligating CD16a and NKG2D with a single molecule triggered their nanoscale ...
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作者：Wagih, Malik; Naunheim, Yannick; Lei, Tianjiao; Schuh, Christopher A.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Northwestern University
摘要：Tailoring the nanoscale distribution of chemical species at grain boundaries is a powerful method to dramatically influence the properties of polycrystalline materials. However, classical approaches to the problem have tacitly assumed that only competition is possible between solute species. In this paper, we show that solute elements can cooperate in the way they segregate to grain boundaries: In properly targeted alloys, the different chemical species cooperate to each fill complementary gra...
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作者：Michaowski, Michal A.; Terejko, Katarzyna; Gos, Michalina; Izykowska, Ilona; Czyzewska, Marta M.; Kopotowski, Karol; Kaczor, Przemysaw T.; Brzostowicz, Aleksandra; Puzek, Estera; Migdaek, Monika; Mozrzymas, Jerzy W.
作者单位：Wroclaw Medical University; University of Wroclaw; Wroclaw University of Environmental & Life Sciences; Polish Academy of Sciences; Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy of the Polish Academy of Sciences
摘要：gamma- aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) is a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel that plays a crucial role in inhibition in the adult brain. Structural and electrophysiological studies have provided numerous insights into the receptor's functioning but the complete molecular mechanism of GABAAR action remains elusive. Herein, we used high-resolution single-channel recording to analyze point-mutated alpha 1 beta 2 gamma 2 receptors and applied so called Phi value (REFER, rate-equilibr...
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作者：Berenbaum, May R.
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作者：Hong, Sixing; Guan, Zeyuan; Zhang, Liying; Zhuang, Jinjin; Yan, Ling; Liu, Yanjun; Liu, Zhu; Wang, Qiang; Yin, Ping
作者单位：Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Huazhong Agricultural University
摘要：Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and Prohibitin 2 (PHB2), two conserved prohibitin members, are primarily localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane (MIM) to form a nanoscale macromolecular prohibitin complex. This prohibitin complex can facilitate the spatial organization of proteins and lipids, thus maintaining cellular metabolism and homeostasis, but its architecture remains largely unknown. Here, we report the cryo- EM structure of a prohibitin complex at 2.8 & Aring; resolution, which contains 11 P...
