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作者：Seigneur, Erica; Polepalli, Jai S.; Sudhof, Thomas C.
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作者：Alonso, Rodrigo G.; Gianoli, Francesco; Fabella, Brian; Hudspeth, A. J.
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Rockefeller University
摘要：Hearing hinges upon the ear's ability to enhance its responsiveness by means of an energy-expending active process that amplifies the very mechanical inputs that it detects. This process is defined by four properties that, although seemingly unrelated, consistently occur together: amplification, sharp frequency tuning, compressive nonlinearity, and spontaneous otoacoustic emission. In nonmammal tetrapods, the active process is evident in individual hair cells. The hair bundles of the bullfrog,...
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作者：Dashti, Damon; Luepken, Luca M.; Seidisarouei, Mohammad; Forbes, Paul A. G.; Schnitzler, Alfons; Kalenscher, Tobias
作者单位：Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; University of Zurich; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf Hospital
摘要：Stress changes social behavior, yet its effects remain contradictory. Traditionally, stress was thought to trigger an antagonistic fight- or- flight response aimed at eliminating the stressor. However, recent studies have revealed the opposite response, tend- and- befriend, where individuals prosocially invest in their social network in exchange for support and mutual protection. We hypothesize that stress does not promote one response over the other; instead, it stimulates both behaviors, dis...
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作者：Liu, Yuchen; Sarker, A. H. M. Raihan; Sripa, Banchob; Tangkawattana, Sirikachorn; Khieu, Virak; Nevin, William; Paterson, Steve; Viney, Mark
作者单位：University of Liverpool; University of Chittagong; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen University; National Center Parasitology, Entomology & Malaria Control; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine; Imperial College London; Royal Centre for Defence Medicine; University of Birmingham
摘要：Gut nematode worms are important parasites of people and other animals. The parasitic and is one of the soil- transmitted helminthiases, a WHO- defined neglected tropical disease. It has long been suggested that human S. stercoralis infection may be a zoonosis from dogs. We investigated this by whole genome sequence analysis of S. stercoralis from sympatric human and dog populations in Asia. We find that human- and dog- derived S. stercoralis have genetically distinct nuclear genomes, but we a...
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作者：Morales, Guillermo B.; Munoz, Miguel A.; Tu, Yuhai
作者单位：University of Granada; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute
摘要：The brain encodes external stimuli through patterns of neural activity, forming internal representations of the world. Increasing experimental evidence showed that neural representations for a specific stimulus can change over time in a phenomenon called representational drift (RD). However, the underlying mechanisms for this widespread phenomenon remain poorly understood. Here, we study RD in the piriform cortex of the olfactory system with a realistic neural network model that incorporates t...
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作者：Nicolas, Jenny R.; Hui, Zeyu; Miao, Qiushi; Lin, Haichen; Davidson, Michael R.; Liu, Ping
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Characterizing the morphology of lithium (Li) is crucial for developing long-lasting lithium metal batteries. It is well established that more uniform Li deposition correlates with better cell performance. Li morphology is often characterized through qualitative analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images; however, there are no widely accepted metrics to quantitatively describe deposition uniformity. Here, we propose a framework to quantify uniformity through SEM image analysis via t...
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作者：Wang, Zhen; Anderson, David M. G.; Messinger, Jeffrey D.; Curcio, Christine A.; Schey, Kevin L.
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
摘要：The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the metabolic gatekeeper to the photoreceptors, thus playing many essential roles in healthy vision. Under certain conditions, RPE cells may transdifferentiate and migrate from the RPE layer. Ectopic RPE cells are potential signal sources for hyperreflective foci, prominent clinically visible biomarkers in age-related macular degeneration, which causes central vision loss globally. Applying multiple imaging modalities including ex vivo optical coherence ...
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作者：Disanto, Valentina; Qi, Xuewei; Berio, Fidji; Albi, Angela; Akanyeti, Otar
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Stockholm University; University of Konstanz; Max Planck Society; University of Konstanz; University of Konstanz; Aberystwyth University
摘要：Hovering, the ability to maintain a stationary position in fluid, is essential for many fish species during prey capture, habitat exploration, and mating. While traditionally assumed to be energetically inexpensive for fishes with a swim bladder, the metabolic costs and morphological factors influencing postural stability during hovering remain poorly understood. Hovering requires fishes to counteract small instabilities in position and orientation, often through continuous adjustments using t...
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作者：Simoncelli, Michele; Fournier, Daniele; Marangolo, Massimiliano; Balan, Etienne; Beneut, Keevin; Baptiste, Benoit; Doisneau, Beatrice; Marzari, Nicola; Mauri, Francesco
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Columbia University; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Sapienza University Rome
摘要：The thermal conductivities of crystals and glasses vary strongly and with opposite trends upon heating, decreasing in crystals and increasing in glasses. Here, we show that the dominant conduction mechanisms of crystals (particle-like propagation) and glasses (wave-like tunneling) can compensate in materials with crystalline bond order and nearly glassy bond geometry, yielding a hybrid crystal-glass conductivity that is constant from the quantum to the classical regime (i.e., from below to abo...
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作者：Sinclair, Alyssa H.; Cosme, Danielle; Lydic, Kirsten; Reinero, Diego A.; Mann, Michael E.; Falk, Emily B.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
