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作者：Sahakyan, Harutyun; Babajanyan, Sanasar G.; Wolf, Yuri I.; Koonin, Eugene V.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; Division of Intramural Research (DIR); NIH National Library of Medicine (NLM)
摘要：The origin and evolution of protein folds are among the most challenging, long-standing problems in biology. We developed Protein Fold Evolution Simulator (PFES), a computational approach that simulates evolution of globular folds from random amino acid sequences with atomistic details. PFES introduces random mutations in a population of protein sequences, evaluates the effect of mutations on protein structure, and selects a new set of proteins for further evolution. Iteration of this process ...
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作者：Basavaraj, Chinmai; Reimann, Martin; Barnard, Kobus; Nadel, Lynn
作者单位：University of Arizona; University of Arizona; University of Arizona
摘要：This research investigates the neurophysiological mechanisms of experiential versus monetary choices under risk. While ventral striatum and insula activity are instrumental in predicting monetary choices, we find that hippocampal activity plays a key role in predicting experiential choices, which we theorize is due to its role in retrieving autobiographical memories. This neurophysiological differentiation clarifies observed variations in risk preferences between experiential and monetary pros...
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作者：Bonetti, Leonardo; Jafari, Reza; Seghezzi, Debora; Ingvar, Martin; Kringelbach, Morten L.; Filgueiras, Alberto; Petrovic, Predrag
作者单位：Aarhus University; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Bologna; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Central Queensland University
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作者：Lindseth, Linn R. S.; Beck, Dani; Westlye, Lars T.; Tamnes, Christian K.; Norbom, Linn B.
作者单位：University of Oslo; Diakonhjemmet Hospital; University of Oslo; University of Oslo; University of Oslo
摘要：Pregnancy-and birth-related factors affect offspring brain development, emphasizing the importance of early life exposures. While most previous studies have focused on a few variables in isolation, here we investigated associations between a broad range of pregnancy-and birth-related variables and multivariate cortical brain MRI features. Our sample consisted of 8,396 children aged 8.9 to 11.1 y from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Through multiple correspondence analysis and...
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作者：Santer, Benjamin D.; Solomon, Susan; Thompson, David W. J.; Fu, Qiang; Keeling, Ralph F.
作者单位：Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; University of East Anglia; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：The physics of the heat-trapping properties of CO2 were established in the mid-19th century, as fossil fuel burning rapidly increased atmospheric CO2 levels. To date, however, research has not probed when climate change could have been detected if scientists in the 19th century had the current models and observing network. We consider this question in a thought experiment with state-of-the-art climate models. We assume that the capability to make accurate measurements of atmospheric temperatur...
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作者：Sehwag, Udari Madhushani; McAvoy, Alex; Plotkin, Joshua B.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
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作者：Song, Shuang; Benonisdottir, Stefania; Liu, Jun S.; Kong, Augustine
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; University of Oxford; University of Iceland; Harvard University
摘要：It is increasingly recognized that participation bias can pose problems for genetic studies. Recently, to overcome the challenge that genetic information of nonparticipants is unavailable, it is shown that by comparing the IBD (identity by descent) shared and not-shared segments between participating relative pairs, one can estimate the genetic component underlying participation. That, however, does not directly address how to adjust estimates of heritability and genetic correlation for phenot...
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作者：Foo, Sherman; Caspy, Ido; Cezanne, Alice; Bharat, Tanmay A. M.; Baum, Buzz
作者单位：MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology
摘要：The surface layer or S- layer is a two- dimensional lattice of proteins that coats a wide are thought to play an important role in chemically and physically insulating cells from the external environment. Here, we show that the integrity of the S- layer in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius is maintained as cells grow via a process of self- assembly as SlaA monomers fill gaps in the lattice. Although this lattice which is physically tethered to the membrane might be expected to hinder cell division, we...
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作者：Alawieh, Hussein; Liu, Deland; Madera, Jonathan; Kumar, Satyam; Racz, Frigyes Samuel; Fey, Ann Majewicz; Millan, Jose del R.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Injuries affecting the central nervous system may disrupt neural pathways to muscles causing motor deficits. Yet the brain exhibits sensorimotor rhythms (SMRs) during movement intents, and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can decode SMRs to control from the instability of SMRs, requiring longitudinal training for users to learn proper transcutaneous electrical spinal stimulation (TESS) to inhibit the motor cortex prior provide promising possibilities for advancing BCI-based motor rehabilitation.
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作者：Berenbaum, May R.
