2025

最新文章

• Macroevolutionary analysis of polysynthesis shows that language complexity is more likely to evolve in small, isolated populations AI翻译
  作者：Bromham, Lindell; Yaxley, Keaghan; Wilson, Oscar; Hua, Xia
  作者单位：Australian National University; Australian National University
  摘要：Evolution of complexity in human languages has been vigorously debated, including the proposal that complexity can build in small, isolated populations but is often lost in situations of language contact. If it is generally true that small, isolated languages can build morphological complexity over time, but complexity tends to be lost in situations of language contact, then we should find that forms of language complexity that have evolved multiple times will tend to be associated with popula...
• Predicting high-fitness viral protein variants with Bayesian active learning and biophysics AI翻译
  作者：Huot, Marian; Wang, Dianzhuo; Liu, Jiacheng; Shakhnovich, Eugene I.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; Harvard University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：The early detection of high-fitness viral variants is critical for pandemic response, yet limited experimental resources at the onset of variant emergence hinder effective identification. To address this, we introduce an active learning framework, VIRAL (Viral Identification via Rapid Active Learning), that integrates protein language model, Gaussian process with uncertainty estimation, and a biophysical model to predict the fitness of novel variants in a few-shot learning setting. By benchmar...
• A plant Lysin Motif Receptor-Like Kinase plays an ancestral function in mycorrhiza AI翻译
  作者：Teyssier, Eve; Grat, Sabine; Landry, David; Ouradou, Mathilde; Rich, Melanie K.; Fort, Sebastien; Keller, Jean; Lefebvre, Benoit; Delaux, Pierre - Marc; Mbengue, Malick
  作者单位：Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (ComUE); Universite de Toulouse; Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); INRAE; Universite de Toulouse; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
  摘要：Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) with soilborne Glomeromycota fungi was pivotal in the conquest of land by plants almost half a billion years ago. In flowering plants, it is hypothesized that AM is initiated by the perception of AM fungi-derived chito-and lipochito-oligosaccharides (COs/LCOs) in the host via Lysin Motif Receptor-Like Kinases (LysM-RLKs). However, it remains uncertain whether plant perception of these molecules is a prerequisite for AM establishment and for its origin. Here, we made ...
• Synergistic hydrogen embrittlement in high- strength steels AI翻译
  作者：Li, Zhi; Lu, Yiran; Gao, Huajian; Kumar, Sharvan
  作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; Brown University; Tsinghua University
  摘要：Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) remains a critical scientific challenge in building reliable infrastructure for a carbon-free hydrogen economy. Predictive models for hydrogen-induced material failure are still lacking, largely due to an incomplete understanding of hydrogen's effects on deformation behavior, especially in multiphase alloys with complex compositions and microstructures. Here, we demonstrate a synergistic hydrogen embrittlement (SHE) phenomenon in high-strength martensitic steels, wh...
• Reproductive state controls transcription in the murine liver, with implications for breast cancer liver metastasis AI翻译
  作者：Ozaki, Michelle K.; Zhang, Yi; Bartlett, Alexandra Q.; de Wilde, Elise; Guan, Xiangnan; Yang, Alex; Xia, Zheng; Schedin, Pepper
  作者单位：Oregon Health & Science University; Oregon Health & Science University
  摘要：Liver biology is functionally linked to lactation, as liver size and metabolic output increase during lactation to support synthesis of breast milk. Upon weaning, the rodent liver returns to baseline homeostasis via hepatocyte cell death, in a process considered liver involution. To explore liver biology changes across a lactation-wean cycle, we employed transcriptomic profiling. We identified elevated hepatocyte proliferation and anabolic metabolism gene signatures during lactation, consisten...
• Broadband measurement of Feibelman's quantum surface response functions AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Zeling; Yang, Shu; Xie, Zetao; Hu, Jinbing; Zhang, Xudong; Xia, Yipu; Shen, Yonggen; Su, Huirong; Xie, Maohai; Christensen, Thomas; Yang, Yi
  作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; University of Shanghai for Science & Technology; Technical University of Denmark
  摘要：Feibelman d-parameter, a mesoscopic complement to the local bulk permittivity, describes quantum optical surface responses for interfaces, including nonlocality, spill-in and-out, and surface-enabled Landau damping. It has been incorporated into the macroscopic Maxwellian framework for convenient modeling and understanding of nanoscale electromagnetic phenomena, calling for the compilation of d-parameter database for interfaces of interest in nano-optics. However, accurate first principles cal...
• A green dichromophoric protein enabling foliage mimicry in arthropods AI翻译
  作者：Egorkin, Nikita A.; Aleksin, Anatoly M.; Sedlov, Ilya A.; Zhiganov, Nikita I.; Bodunova, Daria V.; Varfolomeeva, Larisa A.; Slonimskiy, Yury B.; Ziganshin, Rustam H.; Popov, Vladimir O.; Boyko, Konstantin M.; Vassilevski, Alexander A.; Maksimov, Eugene G.; Sluchanko, Nikolai N.
  作者单位：Research Center of Biotechnology RAS; Russian Academy of Sciences; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Research Center of Biotechnology RAS; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research (PSCBI) of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research (PSCBI) of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
  摘要：Molecular mechanisms underlying the green insect camouflage have puzzled researchers for over a century. Here, we isolated and identified a green water-soluble protein from the integument of bush-cricket Tettigonia cantans. De novo sequencing and cloning revealed a severely fragmented form of vitellogenins, ubiquitous and multifunctional, but still largely enigmatic glycolipoproteins essential for embryonic development and lacking structural characterization. The distinctive color of the ident...
• X and Y gene dosage effects are primary contributors to human sexual dimorphism: The case of height AI翻译
  作者：Berry, Alexander S. F.; Finucane, Brenda M.; Myers, Scott M.; Martin, Christa L.; Ledbetter, David H.; Willard, Huntington F.; Oetjens, Matthew T.
  作者单位：Geisinger Health System; State University System of Florida; Florida State University
  摘要：Many human phenotypic traits vary between the sexes, including adult height for which males are, on average, 13 cm taller than females. The biological mechanisms for this sexual dimorphism are not entirely understood. One hypothesis to explain the sexual dimorphism in height relates to differential expression in males and females of SHOX, a height-related expression is reduced on the inactive X chromosome (Xi), compared to the active X in females. Sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs), characteri...
• Independent transitions to fully planktonic life cycles shaped the global distribution of medusozoans in the epipelagic zone AI翻译
  作者：Boosten, Manon; Sant, Camille; Da Silva, Ophelie; Chaffron, Samuel; Guidi, Lionel; Leclere, Lucas
  作者单位：Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Nantes Universite; Ecole Centrale de Nantes; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Information Sciences & Technologies (INS2I); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite
  摘要：Life history traits influence marine species dispersal and habitat colonization. Medusozoans (jellyfish and siphonophores) exhibit diverse life cycles, evolved from an ancestral cycle alternating between a benthic polyp and a pelagic medusa. Despite their ecological importance, factors shaping medusozoan distribution remain poorly understood. By integrating metabarcoding and environmental data from the Tara Oceans expedition with life history traits, we provide global evidence supporting the l...
• Environmental DNA adsorption to chitin can promote horizontal gene transfer by natural transformation AI翻译
  作者：Holt, Jacob D.; Peng, Yixuan; Dalia, Triana N.; Dalia, Ankur B.; Nadell, Carey D.
  作者单位：Dartmouth College; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
  摘要：Horizontal gene transfer by natural transformation (NT) is induced in Vibrio cholerae upon attachment to chitin surfaces in the aquatic environment. Here, we show that free environmental DNA adsorbs to chitin surfaces under physiologically realistic conditions. Using live-cell imaging and a fluorescent NT reporter, we demonstrate with cellular resolution microscopy that V. cholerae utilizes chitin-bound DNA as a reservoir for genetic exchange. Additionally, we demonstrate that uptake of DNA fr...