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作者：Holliday, Derek E.; Lelkes, Yphtach; Westwood, Sean J.
作者单位：George Washington University; University of Pennsylvania; Dartmouth College
摘要：Affective polarization is a corrosive force in American politics. While numerous studies have developed interventions to reduce it, their capacity for creating lasting, largescale change is unclear. This study comprehensively evaluates existing interventions through a meta-analysis of 77 treatments from 25 published studies and two largescale experiments. Our meta-analysis reveals that the average effect of treatments on animosity is modest (a 5.4-point shift on a 101-point scale), and decays ...
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作者：Kerr, Madeleine C.; Stegman, Dave R.; Smrekar, Suzanne E.; Adams, Andrea C.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology
摘要：Venus and Earth are rocky planets of roughly the same size and bulk density, yet their surface volcanic and tectonic features appear substantially different. On Venus, the coexistence of large volcanic highlands-interpreted as the surface expression of long-lived mantle plumes-alongside coronae, smaller features thought to be caused by transient thermal diapirs, remains enigmatic. Using two-dimensional numerical models of mantle convection with sharp and broad mineral phase transitions for pyr...
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作者：Mitani, Takahiro; Takeda, Shuichi; Oda, Toshiro; Narita, Akihiro; Maeda, Yuichiro; Honda, Hajime; Fujiwara, Ikuko
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作者：Horne, Zachary; Kobas, Mert; Cimpian, Andrei
作者单位：University of Edinburgh; New York University
摘要：Scientific explanation is one of the most sophisticated forms of human reasoning. Nevertheless, here we hypothesize that scientific explanation is susceptible to some of the same biases that influence everyday thinking-particularly during the initial stages of theory building, when scientists are first grappling with complex phenomena and are thus more likely to rely on explanatory guesses. Specifically, we investigated whether scientific explanation exhibits an inherence bias-a tendency to ex...
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作者：Tabashnik, Bruce E.; Carriere, Yves
作者单位：University of Arizona
摘要：Crops genetically engineered to produce insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have revolutionized pest management, but their benefits have been reduced by evolution of practical resistance in at least 31 cases. To delay evolution of resistance, farmers have shifted from crops producing one Bt protein to crops called pyramids that produce two or more Bt proteins or other traits targeting each pest. Here, we focus on resistance to transgenic corn pyramids in the we...
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作者：Chen, Xiaochao; Bezodis, William; Gonzalez-Suarez, Pablo; Knitlhoffer, Vanda; Goldson, Andrew; Lister, Ashleigh; Macaulay, Iain; Penfield, Steven
作者单位：UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; Xianghu Laboratory; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Earlham Institute
摘要：How or whether organisms can inherit parental adaptations to the prevailing environment is a major topic in biology. In plants, seed traits such as size, yield, and dormancy are all affected by the environment during reproduction, but whether developing progeny sense temperature within the fruit or whether seasonal climate information is inherited intergenerationally from the parents remains unclear. In this study, we use intergenerational single- nucleus omics to understand the mechanisms und...
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作者：Meyer, Bettina; Arata, Javier A.; Atkinson, Angus; Bahlburg, Dominik; Bernard, Kim; Cardenas, Cesar A.; Grant, Susie M.; Hill, Simeon L.; Huppe, Lukas; Ichii, Taro; Kawaguchi, So; Krafft, Bjorn A.; Labrousse, Sara; Maschette, Dale; Pinones, Andrea; Reiss, Christian; Siebenhuner, Bernd; Sylvester, Zephyr; Ziegler, Philippe
作者单位：Helmholtz Association; Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar & Marine Research; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; Oregon State University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC British Antarctic Survey; University of Wurzburg; Australian Antarctic Division; University of Tasmania; University of Tasmania; Institute of Marine Research - Norway; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paris Saclay; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Sorbonne Universite; Universidad Austral de Chile; Universidad de Concepcion; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; Nelson Mandela University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：Antarctic krill (Euphausiasuperba) is the central prey species in the Southern Ocean food web, supporting the largest and fastest-growing fishery in the region, managed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). Climate change is threatening krill populations and their predators, while current catch limits do not take into account climate variability or krill population dynamics. In 2024, CCAMLR was unable to renew its spatial catch limits, highlighti...
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作者：Abels, Erik R.; ter Linden, Esther; Rohling, Jos H. T.; Voortman, Lennard M.; Janssen, Lennert; Hornsveld, Marten; Overkleeft, Herman S.; van der Zanden, Sabina Y.; Broekman, Marike L. D.; Neefjes, Jacques
作者单位：Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Haaglanden Medical Center
摘要：How drugs penetrate tissues is poorly understood yet important, since drugs that fail to reach their target will be ineffective. We followed the fate of anthracycline cancer drugs at high resolution by exploiting their intrinsic fluorescence. In a cell-based spheroid model, the soluble compound fluorescein penetrates the entire spheroid, unlike hydrophobic fluorescent lipids, which only enter the outermost cell layer. Anthracyclines have intermediate hydrophobicity. They enter the nucleus of a...
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作者：O'Donnell, Angela C.; Wang, Xun; Kaderabkova, Nikol; Groover, Kyra E.; Perez, Bethany C.; Helms, Amanda; Brodbelt, Jennifer S.; Mavridou, Despoina A. I.; Davies, Bryan W.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
摘要：Nanobodies have been pursued as candidates for antimicrobial design due to their small size and versatile binding capacities, but direct antibacterial activity of a nano-body has yet to be described. Here, we employed a bacterial surface display platform to screen a synthetic library of nanobody variants for antimicrobial potential. We identified a candidate that binds the essential lipid A component of gram-negative lipopolysaccharide. Nonetheless, this nanobody required a weakened outer memb...
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作者：Jankovic, Matija; Kang, Seungmin; Bhattacharya, Sarnab; Kashanchi, Jordon; Wang, Jieting; Deoli, Kanika; Huang, Tianda; Johnson, Alex; Ambani, Karina; Kim, Sangjun; Wang, Pulin; Coyle, Edward; Lu, Nanshu
