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作者：Chambers, E. Anne; Lara-Tufino, Jose Daniel; Campillo-Garcia, Gustavo; Cisneros-Bernal, Antonio Yolocalli; Dudek Jr, Daniel J.; Leon-Regagnon, Virginia; Townsend, Josiah H.; Villela, Oscar Flores-; Hillis, David M.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE); Indiana University of Pennsylvania; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：In an era of unprecedented biodiversity loss, the need for standardized practices to describe biological variation is becoming increasingly important. As with all scientific endeavors, species delimitation needs to be explicit, testable, and refutable. A fundamental task in species delimitation is distinguishing within- species variation from among- species variation. Many species that are distributed across large geographic areas exhibit levels of genetic variation that are as great or greate...
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作者：Mugnai, Mauro L.; Batoum, Rose Tchuenkam; Del Gado, Emanuela
作者单位：Georgetown University; Georgetown University
摘要：Natural and synthetic multicomponent gels display emergent properties, which implies that they are more than just the sum of their components. This warrants the investigation of the role played by interspecies interactions in shaping gel architecture and rheology. Here, using computer simulations, we investigate the effect of changing the strength of the interactions between two species forming a fibrous double network. Simply changing the strength of interspecies lateral association, we gener...
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作者：Reif, Jessica A.; Larrick, Richard P.; Soll, Jack B.
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：Despite the rapid proliferation of AI tools, we know little about how people who use them are perceived by others. Drawing on theories of attribution and impression management, we propose that people believe they will be evaluated negatively by others for using AI tools and that this belief is justified. We examine these predictions in four preregistered experiments (N = 4,439) and find that people who use AI at work anticipate and receive negative evaluations regarding their competence and mo...
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作者：Wang, Qing; Baier, Herwig
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作者：Galick, David S.; Vaz, Liberato Motobe; Ondo, Lucas; Iyanga, Marcos Mbulito; Bikie, Faustino Etoho Ebang; Avue, Restituto Mba Nguema; Donfack, Olivier Tresor; Eyono, Jeremias Nzamio Mba; Mifumu, Teresa Ayingono Ondo; Hergott, Dianna E. B.; Phiri, Wonder P.; Smith, David L.; Guerra, Carlos A.; Guerra, Guillermo A.; Hemingway, Janet
作者单位：Institute for Health Metrics & Evaluation; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is one of the core vector control interventions available to malaria control programs. Normative and scientific guidance has long held that very high IRS coverage (at least 80 to 85% houses sprayed) is necessary to provide community protection, but there is little evidence backing these recommendations, in large part due to the operational and ethical concerns that conducting appropriate trials of differing IRS coverage levels would raise. The present study lever...
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作者：Wang, Xingliang; Yue, Yujin; Zhai, Yuqian; Wang, Falong; Zhuang, Xuna; Wu, Shuwen; Yang, Yihua; Tabashnik, Bruce E.; Wu, Yidong
作者单位：Nanjing Agricultural University; University of Arizona
摘要：Crops genetically engineered to produce insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used extensively to control some major crop pests, but their benefits decrease when pests evolve resistance. Better understanding of the genetic basis of resistance is needed to effectively monitor, manage, and counter pest resistance to Bt crops. Resistance to Bt proteins in at least 11 species of Lepidoptera, including many important crop pests, is associated with naturally ...
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作者：Ganelin, Daniela; Dee, Thomas S.
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Advanced Placement (AP) provides college-level courses to over 1 million US secondary students annually. Black, Hispanic, and female students have historically been underrepresented in AP Computer Science (CS). A new, broadly focused course-AP CS Principles-launched nationally in 2016-17 with the goal of increasing student participation and diversity. We examine its effects on AP CS participation. Combining publicly available sources, we assemble a panel dataset of annual AP exam-taking and co...
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作者：Golsefidy, Alireza S.; Tamam, Nattalie
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：The pure mapping class group of an oriented surface acts on the character variety of the surface. We investigate the closure of its orbits under either Zariski or analytic topologies. We show that a generic infinite orbit is dense in an open subset of the corresponding modified relative character variety. Moreover, we specify that being generic can be captured as a combination of passing to a Zariski-open subscheme and avoiding a concrete set of exceptional cases. In addition, the functorial b...
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作者：Katzarkov, Ludmil; Lee, Kyoung-Seog; Lupercio, Ernesto; Meersseman, Laurent
作者单位：University of Miami; HSE University (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); CINVESTAV - Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite d'Angers
摘要：Hodge theory is pivotal in studying algebraic varieties' intricate geometry and topology: it provides essential insights into their structure. The Hodge decomposition theorem establishes a profound link between the geometry of varieties and their cohomology groups, helping to understand their underlying properties. Moreover, Hodge theory was crucial at the inception of the field of mirror symmetry, revealing deep connections among seemingly disparate algebraic varieties. It also sheds light on...
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作者：Cornelisse, Tara; Inouye, David W.; Irwin, Rebecca E.; Jepsen, Sarina; Mawdsley, Jonathan R.; Ormes, Margaret; Daniels, Jaret; Debinski, Diane M.; Griswold, Terry; Klymko, John; Orr, Michael C.; Richardson, Leif; Sears, Nicole; Schweitzer, Dale; Young, Bruce E.
作者单位：United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; Nature Conservancy; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; North Carolina State University; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, CAS
摘要：Pollinators are critical for food production and ecosystem function. Although native pollinators are thought to be declining, the evidence is limited. This first, taxonomically diverse assessment for mainland North America north of Mexico reveals that 22.6% (20.6 to 29.6%) of the 1,579 species in the best-studied vertebrate and insect pollinator groups have elevated risk of extinction. All three pollinating bat species are at risk and bees are the insect group most at risk (best estimate, 34.7...
