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作者：Park, Sangyoon
作者单位：University of Hong Kong
摘要：Through a field experiment at a seafood-processing plant, I examine how working alongside friends affects employee productivity and how this effect is heterogeneous with respect to an employee's personality. This paper presents two main findings. First, worker productivity declines when a friend is close enough to socialize with. Second, workers who are higher on the conscientiousness scale show smaller productivity declines when working alongside a friend. Estimates suggest that a median work...
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作者：Bolhaar, Jonneke; Ketel, Nadine; van der Klaauw, Bas
作者单位：University of Gothenburg; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：We combine a randomized experiment with administrative data to study the effects of mandatory job search periods in the Dutch welfare system. Job search periods postpone the first welfare benefits payment and encourage applicants to start searching for jobs actively. Job search periods substantially reduce benefits take up. The decline in benefits receipt is permanent, but fully compensated by increased earnings because of higher reemployment rates. We do not find detectable effects on health ...
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作者：Pless, Jacquelyn; van Benthem, Arthur A.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We formalize pass-through over-shifting as a simple yet underutilized test for market power. We apply this test in the market for solar energy. Specifically, we estimate the pass-through of solar subsidies to solar system prices using rich micro-level transaction and subsidy data from California. Buyers of solar systems capture nearly the full subsidy, while there is more-than-complete pass-through to lessees. We conclude that solar markets are imperfectly competitive by ruling out alternative...
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作者：Dee, Thomas S.; Dobbie, Will; Jacob, Brian A.; Rockoff, Jonah
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Princeton University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Columbia University
摘要：We show that the design and decentralized scoring of New York's high school exit exams-the Regents Examinations-led to systematic manipulation of test scores just below important proficiency cutoffs. Exploiting a series of reforms that eliminated score manipulation, we find heterogeneous effects of test score manipulation on academic outcomes. While inflating a score increases the probability of a student graduating from high school by about 17 percentage points, the probability of taking adva...
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作者：Barr, Abigail; Dekker, Marleen; Janssens, Wendy; Kebede, Bereket; Kramer, Berber
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; University of East Anglia; University of East Anglia; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：Using a carefully designed series of public goods games, we compare, across monogamous and polygynous households, the willingness of husbands and wives to cooperate to maximize household gains. Compared to monogamous husbands and wives, polygynous husbands and wives are less cooperative, one with another, and co-wives are least cooperative, one with another. The husbands' and wives' behavior in a corresponding series of inter-household games indicates that these differences cannot be attribute...
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作者：Cabral, Marika; Mahoney, Neale
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Most health insurance uses cost-sharing to reduce excess utilization. Supplemental insurance can blunt the impact of this cost-sharing, increasing utilization and exerting a negative externality on the primary insurer. This paper estimates the effect of private Medigap supplemental insurance on public Medicare spending using Medigap premium discontinuities in local medical markets that span state boundaries. Using administrative data on the universe of Medicare beneficiaries, we estimate that ...
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作者：Himmler, Oliver; Jaeckle, Robert; Weinschenk, Philipp
作者单位：University of Erfurt; Max Planck Society
摘要：We provide first evidence that a soft commitment device enhances progress in education and, more generally, improves the completion of complex tasks-such as passing exams. In our field experiment, students can sign a nonbinding agreement and commit to staying on track for graduation. We find that those who were offered the soft commitment device are more likely to sign up for, take part in, and pass exams. A pure reminder treatment does not change behavior, which suggests that the effects are ...
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作者：Campante, Filipe R.; Quoc-Anh Do; Guimaraes, Bernardo
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We investigate the links between capital cities, conflict, and the quality of governance, starting from the assumption that incumbent elites are constrained by the threat of insurrection, and that the latter is rendered less effective by distance from the seat of political power. We show evidence that (i) conflict is more likely to emerge (and dislodge incumbents) closer to the capital, and (ii) isolated capitals are associated with misgovernance. The results hold only for relatively nondemocr...
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作者：Allcott, Hunt; Kessler, Judd B.
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Nudge-style interventions are often deemed successful if they generate large behavior change at low cost, but they are rarely subjected to full social welfare evaluations. We combine a field experiment with a simple theoretical framework to evaluate the welfare effects of one especially policy-relevant intervention, home energy social comparison reports. In our sample, the reports increase social welfare, although traditional evaluation approaches overstate gains because they ignore significan...
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作者：Chang, Tom Y.; Zivin, Joshua Graff; Gross, Tal; Neidell, Matthew
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Boston University; Columbia University
摘要：We investigate the effect of pollution on worker productivity in the service sector by focusing on two call centers in China. Using precise measures of each worker's daily output linked to daily measures of pollution and meteorology, we find that higher levels of air pollution decrease worker productivity. These results manifest themselves at levels of pollution commonly found in large cities throughout the developing and developed world.
