American Economic Journal: Applied Economics

最新文章

• History Matters: The Long-Term Impact of Colonial Public Investments in French West Africa AI翻译
  作者：Huillery, Elise
  作者单位：Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)
  摘要：To what extent do colonial public investments continue to influence current regional inequalities in French-speaking West Africa? Using a new database and the spatial discontinuities of colonial investment policy, this paper gives evidence that early colonial investments had large and persistent effects on current outcomes. The nature of investments also matters. Current educational outcomes have been More specifically determined by colonial investments in education rather than health and infr...
• In Pursuit of Balance: Randomization in Practice in Development Field Experiments AI翻译
  作者：Bruhn, Miriam; McKenzie, David
  作者单位：The World Bank
  摘要：We present new evidence on the randomization methods used in existing experiments, and new simulations comparing these methods. We find that many papers do not describe the randomization in detail, implying that better reporting is needed. Our simulations suggest that in samples of 300 or more, the different methods perform similarly. However, for very persistent outcome variables, and in smaller samples, pair-wise matching and stratification perform best and appear to dominate the rerandomiza...
• A Biological Model of Unions AI翻译
  作者：Kremer, Michael; Olken, Benjamin A.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Brookings Institution; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：This paper applies principles from evolutionary biology to the study of unions. We show that unions that implement the preferred wage and organizing policies of workers will be displaced in evolutionary competition by unions that either extract less from firms, allowing them to live longer, or spend more on union organizing, or both. This implies that unions with constitutional incumbency advantages that allow leaders to depart from members' preferences may have a selective advantage, allowing...
• Are Women More Credit Constrained? Experimental Evidence on Gender and Microenterprise Returns AI翻译
  作者：de Mel, Suresh; McKenzie, David; Woodruff, Christopher
  作者单位：University of Peradeniya; The World Bank; University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：We report on afield experiment providing random grants to microenterprise owners. The grants generated large profit increases for male owners but not for female owners. We show that the gender gap does not simply mask differences in ability, risk aversion, entrepreneurial attitudes, or differences in reporting behavior, but there is some evidence that the gender gap is larger in female-dominated industries. The data are not consistent with a unitary household model, and imply an inefficiency o...
• To Work or Not to Work? Child Development and Maternal Labor Supply AI翻译
  作者：Frijters, Paul; Johnston, David W.; Shah, Manisha; Shields, Michael A.
  作者单位：University of Melbourne; Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
  摘要：We estimate the effect of early child development on maternal labor force participation. Mothers of poorly developing children may remain at home to care for their children. Alternatively, mothers may enter the labor force to pay for additional educational and health resources. Which action dominates is the empirical question we answer in this paper. We control for the potential endogeneity of child development by using an instrumental variables approach, uniquely exploiting exogenous variatio...