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作者：Tian, Jing; Goldstein, Joseph L.; Li, Shili; Schumacher, Marc M.; Brown, Michael S.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
摘要：Insig-1 and Insig-2 are endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins that inhibit lipid synthesis by blocking transport of sterol regulatory element- binding proteins (SREBP-1 and SREBP-2) from ER to Golgi. In the Golgi, SREBPs are processed proteolytically to release their transcription- activating domains, which enhance the synthesis of fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Heretofore, the two Insigs have redundant functions, and there is no rationale for two isoforms. The current data identif...
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作者：Valente, Christine; Toh, Wen Qiang; Jalingo, Inuwa; Lepine, Aurelia; de Paula, Aureo; Miller, Grant
作者单位：University of Bristol; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Desired fertility measures are routinely collected and used by researchers and policy makers, but their self-reported nature raises the possibility of reporting bias. In this paper, we test for the presence of such bias by comparing responses to direct survey questions with indirect questions offering a varying, randomized, degree of confidentiality to respondents in a socioeconomically diverse sample of Nigerian women (N = 6,256). We find that women report higher fertility preferences when as...
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作者：Zhou, Yu; Reddy, Curran; Zhang, Xudong
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：The human neck is a unique mechanical structure, highly flexible but fatigue prone. The rising prevalence of neck pain and chronic injuries has been attributed to increasing exposure to fatigue loading in activities such as prolonged sedentary work and overuse of electronic devices. However, a causal relationship between fatigue and musculoskeletal mechanical changes remains elusive. This work aimed to establish this relationship through a unique experiment design, inspired by a cantilever bea...
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作者：Dall, Natalie R.; Mendonca, Carolina A. T. F.; Vera, Hector L. Torres; Marqusee, Susan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Protein folding in the cell often begins during translation. Many proteins fold more efficiently cotranslationally than when refolding from a denatured state. Changing the vectorial synthesis of the polypeptide chain through circular permutation could impact functional, soluble protein expression and interactions with cellular proteostasis factors. Here, we measure the solubility and function of every possible circular permutant (CP) of HaloTag in Escherichia coli cell lysate using a gel- base...
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作者：Rumbaugh, Tristen D.; Gorka, Michael J.; Baker, Carol S.; Golbeck, John H.; Silakov, Alexey
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：The fusion of hydrogenases and photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) has proven to be a promising strategy for the production of sustainable biofuels. Type I (iron- sulfur- containing) RCs, acting as photosensitizers, are capable of promoting electrons to a redox state that can be exploited by hydrogenases for the reduction of protons to dihydrogen (H2). While both [FeFe] and [NiFe] hydrogenases have been used successfully, they tend to be limited due to either O2 sensitivity, binding specific...
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作者：Shimanovich, Ulyana; Hartl, F. Ulrich
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Max Planck Society
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作者：Zink, Anna; Obermeyer, Ziad; Pierson, Emma
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine
摘要：Despite ethical and historical arguments for removing race from clinical algorithms, the consequences of removal remain unclear. Here, we highlight a largely undiscussed consideration in this debate: varying data quality of input features across race groups. For example, family history of cancer is an essential predictor in cancer risk prediction algorithms but is less reliably documented for Black participants and may therefore be less predictive of cancer outcomes. Using data from the Southe...
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作者：Zoefel, Benedikt; Abbasi, Omid; Gross, Joachim; Kotz, Sonja A.
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; University of Munster; University of Munster; Maastricht University; Max Planck Society
摘要：Evidence accumulates that the cerebellum's role in the brain is not restricted to motor functions. Rather, cerebellar activity seems to be crucial for a variety of tasks that rely on precise event timing and prediction. Due to its complex structure and importance in communication, human speech requires a particularly precise and predictive coordination of neural processes to be successfully comprehended. Recent studies proposed that the cerebellum is indeed a major contributor to speech proces...
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作者：Kocher, Charles D.; Dill, Ken A.
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
摘要：How did specific useful protein sequences arise from simpler molecules at the origin of life? This seemingly needle-in-a-haystack problem has remarkably close resemblance to the old Protein Folding Problem, for which the solution is now known from statistical physics. Based on the logic that Origins must have come only after there was an operative evolution mechanism-which selects on phenotype, not genotype-we give a perspective that proteins and their folding processes are likely to have been...
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作者：Dong, Jin; Yu, Xin-He; Dong, Jiangqing; Wang, Gao-Hua; Wang, Xin-Long; Wang, Da-Wei; Yan, Yao-Chao; Xiao, Han; Ye, Bao-Qin; Lin, Hong-Yan; Yang, Guang-Fu
作者单位：Central China Normal University; Central China Normal University; Hubei University of Chinese Medicine
摘要：Discovering and engineering herbicide- resistant genes is a crucial challenge in crop breeding. This study focuses on the 4- hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase Inhibitor Sensitive 1- Like (HSL) protein, prevalent in higher plants and exhibiting weak catalytic activity against many beta- triketone herbicides (beta- THs). The crystal structures of maize HSL1A complexed with beta- THs were elucidated, identifying four essential herbicide- binding residues and explaining the weak activity of HSL1A ...
