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作者：Wong, Michael L.; Bartlett, Stuart; Cleland, Carol E.; Demarest, Heather; Ii, H. James Cleaves; Prabhu, Anirudh; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Hazen, Robert M.
作者单位：Carnegie Institution for Science; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); Space Telescope Science Institute; California Institute of Technology; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Howard University; Cornell University; Cornell University
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作者：Nunez, Jimmy Gonzalez; Paulose, Jayson; Mobius, Wolfram; Beller, Daniel A.
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; University of Oregon; University of Exeter; University of Exeter
摘要：When biological populations expand into new territory, the evolutionary outcomes can be strongly influenced by genetic drift, the random fluctuations in allele frequencies. Meanwhile, spatial variability in the environment can also significantly influence the competition between subpopulations vying for space. Little is known about the interplay of these intrinsic and extrinsic sources of noise in population dynamics: When does environmental heterogeneity dominate over genetic drift or vice ve...
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作者：Al-Babili, Salim
作者单位：King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology
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作者：Hipp, Julie B.; Ramos, Paolo Z.; Liu, Qingsong; Wagner, Norman J.; Richards, Jeffrey J.
作者单位：University of Delaware; Northwestern University; Procter & Gamble
摘要：Electron transport in complex fluids, biology, and soft matter is a valuable characteristic in processes ranging from redox reactions to electrochemical energy storage. These processes often employ conductor-insulator composites in which electron transport properties are fundamentally linked to the microstructure and dynamics of the conductive phase. While microstructure and dynamics are well recognized as key determinants of the electrical properties, a unified description of their effect has...
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作者：Garza-Carbajal, Anibal; Bavencoffe, Alexis; Herrera, Juan J.; Johnson, Kayla N.; Walters, Edgar T.; Dessauer, Carmen W.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston
摘要：Over half of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients develop opioid-resistant chronic neuropathic pain. Safer alternatives to opioids for treatment of neuropathic pain are gabapentinoids (e.g., pregabalin and gabapentin). Clinically, gabapentinoids appear to amplify opioid effects, increasing analgesia and overdose-related adverse outcomes, but in vitro proof of this amplification and its mechanism are lacking. We previously showed that after SCI, sensitivity to opioids is reduced by fourfold to six...
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作者：Lewis, Tylor R.; Castillo, Carson M.; Klementieva, Natalia, V; Hsu, Ying; Hao, Ying; Spencer, William J.; Drack, Arlene, V; Pazour, Gregory J.; Arshavsky, Vadim Y.
作者单位：Duke University; University of Iowa; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; Duke University; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham; State University of New York (SUNY) System; SUNY Upstate Medical University
摘要：The first steps of vision take place in the ciliary outer segment compartment of photoreceptor cells. The protein composition of outer segments is uniquely suited to perform this function. The most abundant among these proteins is the visual pigment, rhodopsin, whose outer segment trafficking involves intraflagellar transport (IFT). Here, we report three major findings from the analysis of mice in which ciliary transport was acutely impaired by conditional knockouts of IFT-B subunits. First, w...
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作者：Williams, Sarah C. P.
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作者：Battaglioni, Stefania; Craigie, Louise - Marie; Filippini, Sofia; Maier, Timm; Hall, Michael N.
作者单位：University of Basel
摘要：TORC1 (target of rapamycin complex 1) is a highly conserved protein kinase that plays a central role in regulating cell growth. Given the role of mammalian TORC1 (mTORC1) in metabolism and disease, understanding mTORC1 downstream signaling and feedback loops is important. mTORC1 recognizes some of its substrates via a five amino acid binding sequence called the TOR signaling (TOS) motif. mTORC1 binding to a TOS motif facilitates phosphorylation of a distinct, distal site. Here, we show that LS...
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作者：De Deurwaerder, Hannes P. T.; Detto, Matteo; Visser, Marco D.; Schnitzer, Stefan; Pacala, Stephen W.
作者单位：Princeton University; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Marquette University
摘要：Extending and safeguarding tropical forest ecosystems is critical for combating climate change and biodiversity loss. One of its constituents, lianas, is spreading and increasing in abundance on a global scale. This is particularly concerning as lianas negatively impact forests' carbon fluxes, dynamics, and overall resilience, potentially exacerbating both crises. While possibly linked to climate- change- induced atmospheric CO2 elevation and drought intensification, the reasons behind their i...
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作者：Salisbury, Nicholas J. H.; Amonkar, Supriya; Vinueza, Joselyn Landazuri; Carter, Joseph J.; Roman, Ann; Galloway, Denise A.
作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Polyomaviruses are small, circular dsDNA viruses that can cause cancer. Alternative splicing of polyomavirus early transcripts generates large and small tumor antigens (LT, ST) that play essential roles in viral replication and tumorigenesis. Some polyomaviruses also express middle tumor antigens (MTs) or alternate LT open reading frames (ALTOs), which are evolutionarily related but have distinct gene structures. MTs are a splice variant of the early transcript whereas ALTOs are overprinted on...
