-
作者：Callaway, David J. E.; Nicholl, Iain D.; Shi, Bright; Reyes, Gilbert; Farago, Bela; Bu, Zimei
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; City College of New York (CUNY); University of Wolverhampton; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL)
摘要：We report a neutron spin echo (NSE) study of the nanoscale dynamics of the cell-cell adhesion cadherin-catenin complex bound to vinculin. Our measurements and theoretical physics analyses of the NSE data reveal that the dynamics of full- length c- catenin, f3- catenin, and vinculin residing in the cadherin-catenin-vinculin complex become activated, involving nanoscale motions in this complex. The cadherin-catenin complex is the central component of the cell-cell adherens junction (AJ) and is f...
-
作者：Gabriel, Rodney A.; Litake, Onkar; Simpson, Sierra; Burton, Brittany N.; Waterman, Ruth S.; Macias, Alvaro A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：The assessment of social determinants of health (SDoH) within healthcare systems is crucial for comprehensive patient care and addressing health disparities. Current challenges arise from the limited inclusion of structured SDoH information within electronic health record (EHR) systems, often due to the lack of standardized diagnosis codes. This study delves into the transformative potential of large language models (LLM) to overcome these challenges. LLM-based classifiers-using Bidirectional ...
-
作者：Ohman, Michael S.; Albright, Emily R.; Gelbmann, Christopher B.; Kalejta, Robert F.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：The Pentamer complex of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) consists of the viral glycoproteins gH, gL, UL128, UL130, and UL131 and is incorporated into infectious virions. HCMV strains propagated extensively in vitro in fibroblasts carry UL128, UL130, or UL131 alleles that do not make a functional complex and thus lack Pentamer function. Adding functional Pentamer to such strains decreases virus growth in fibroblasts. Here, we show that the Pentamer inhibits productive HCMV replication in fibroblast...
-
作者：Mixon, Emily E.; Bauer, Ann M.; Blum, Tyler B.; Valley, John W.; Rizo, Hanika; O'Neil, Jonathan; Kitajima, Kouki
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Carleton University; University of Ottawa
摘要：Determining the mechanisms by which the earliest continental crust was generated and reworked is important for constraining the evolution of Earth's geodynamic, surface, and atmospheric conditions. However, the details of early plate tectonic settings often remain obscured by the intervening similar to 4 Ga of crustal recycling. Covariations of U, Nb, Sc, and Yb in zircon have been shown to faithfully reflect Phanerozoic whole-rock-based plate-tectonic discriminators and are therefore useful i...
-
作者：Solomon, Brittany C.; Hall, Matthew E. K.; Hemmen, Abigail; Druckman, James N.
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; University of Notre Dame; University of Rochester
摘要：Whether and when to censor hate speech are long-standing points of contention in the US. The latest iteration of these debates entails grappling with content regulation on social media in an age of intense partisan polarization. But do partisans disagree about what types of hate speech to censor on social media or do they merely differ on how much hate speech to censor? And do they understand out-party censorship preferences? We examine these questions in a nationally representative conjoint s...
-
作者：Armstrong, Ellie E.; Mooney, Jazlyn A.; Solari, Katherine A.; Kim, Bernard Y.; Barsh, Gregory S.; Grant, Victoria B.; Greenbaum, Gili; Kaelin, Christopher B.; Panchenko, Katya; Pickrell, Joseph K.; Rosenberg, Noah; Ryder, Oliver A.; Yokoyama, Tsuya; Ramakrishnan, Uma; Petrov, Dmitri A.; Hadly, Elizabeth A.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Southern California; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology; Stanford University; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS); Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI); Stanford University; Stanford Cancer Institute; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：Genomic studies of endangered species have primarily focused on describing diversity patterns and resolving phylogenetic relationships, with the overarching goal of informing conservation efforts. However, few studies have investigated genomic diversity housed in captive populations. For tigers ( Panthera tigris), captive individuals vastly outnumber those in the wild, but their diversity remains largely unexplored. Privately owned captive tiger populations have remained an enigma in the conse...
-
作者：Britt, Emily C.; Qing, Xin; Votava, James A.; Lika, Jorgo; Wagner, Andrew S.; Shen, Simone; Arp, Nicholas L.; Khan, Hamidullah; Schieke, Stefan M.; Fletcher, Christopher D.; Huttenlocher, Anna; Fan, Jing
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; The Morgridge Institute for Research, Inc.; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Georgetown University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Neutrophils utilize a variety of metabolic sources to support their crucial functions as the first responders in innate immunity. Here, through in vivo and ex vivo isotopic tracing, we examined the contributions of different nutrients to neutrophil metabolism under specific conditions. Human peripheral blood neutrophils, in contrast to a neutrophil-like cell line, rely on glycogen storage as a major metabolic source under resting state but rapidly switch to primarily using extracellular glucos...
-
作者：Liu, Degao; Ellison, Evan E.; Myers, Erik A.; Donahue, Lilee I.; Xuan, Shuya; Swanson, Ryan; Qi, Songyan; Prichard, Lynn E.; Starker, Colby G.; Voytas, Daniel F.
作者单位：Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; University of Cambridge; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Realizing the full potential of genome editing for crop improvement has been slow due to inefficient methods for reagent delivery and the reliance on tissue culture for creating gene- edited plants. RNA viral vectors offer an alternative approach for delivering gene engineering reagents and bypassing the tissue culture requirement. Viruses, however, are often excluded from the shoot apical meristem, making virus- mediated gene editing inefficient in some species. Here, we developed effective a...
-
作者：Bai, Yun- Hao; Tang, Zhiyao
作者单位：Peking University; Peking University
摘要：The increasing duration of drought induced by global climate change has reduced forest productivity. Biodiversity is believed to mitigate the effects of drought, thereby enhancing the stability of tree growth. However, the effects of species richness on tree growth stability under droughts with different durations remain uncertain. Here, we used tree ring data from 4,072 sites globally, combined with climate and plant richness data, to evaluate the effects of species richness on the resistance...
-
作者：Zhao, Qingkun; Zhu, Qi; Zhang, Zhenghao; Yin, Binglun; Gao, Huajian; Zhou, Haofei
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Nanyang Technological University; Tsinghua University
摘要：Hydrogen, the lightest and most abundant element in the universe, plays essential roles in a variety of clean energy technologies and industrial processes. For over a century, it has been known that hydrogen can significantly degrade the mechanical properties of materials, leading to issues like hydrogen embrittlement. A major challenge that has significantly limited scientific advances in this field is that light atoms like hydrogen are difficult to image, even with state- of- the- art micros...
