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作者：Li, Wanqian; He, Siyuan; Tan, Jun; Li, Na; Zhao, Chenyang; Wang, Xiaotang; Zhang, Zhi; Liu, Jiangyi; Huang, Jiaxing; Li, Xingran; Zhou, Qian; Hu, Ke; Yang, Peizeng; Hou, Shengping
作者单位：Chongqing Medical University; Capital Medical University; Capital Medical University
摘要：Uveitis is a vision- threatening disease primarily driven by a dysregulated immune response, with retinal microglia playing a pivotal role in its progression. Although the transcription factor EGR2 is known to be closely associated with uveitis, including Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and Behcet's disease, and is essential for maintaining the dynamic homeostasis of auto- immunity, its exact role in uveitis remains unclear. In this study, diminished EGR2 expression was observed in both retinal m...
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作者：Lopatto, Edward D. B.; Pinkner, Jerome S.; Sanick, Denise A.; Potter, Robert F.; Liu, Lily X.; Villicana, Jesus Bazan; Tamadonfar, Kevin O.; Ye, Yijun; Zimmerman, Maxwell I.; Gualberto, Nathaniel C.; Dodson, Karen W.; Janetka, James W.; Hunstad, David A.; Hultgren, Scott J.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen causing difficult- to- treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). Over 1.5 million women per year suffer from recurrent UTI, reducing quality of life and causing substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in the hospital setting. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the most prevalent cause of UTI. Like UPEC, K. pneumoniae relies on type 1 pili, tipped with the mannose- binding adhesin FimH, to cause cystitis. However, K. pneumoniae FimH is a poor bin...
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作者：Zheng, Xuhui; Gomez-Rivas, Emma J.; Lamont, Sabrina I.; Daneshjoo, Katayoun; Shieh, Angeli; Wozniak, Daniel J.; Parsek, Matthew R.
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Bacterial biofilms have been implicated in several chronic infections. After initial attachment, a critical first step in biofilm formation is a cell inducing a surface- sensing response. In the Gram- negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two second messengers, cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), are produced by different surface- sensing mechanisms. However, given the disparate cellular behaviors regulated by these second me...
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作者：Friedman, Jeffrey M.
作者单位：Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Rockefeller University
摘要：The 2024 Lasker similar to DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award has been given to Joel Habener and Svetlana Mojsov for their discovery of a new hormone GLP-1(7-37) and to Lotte Knudsen for her role in developing sustained acting versions of this hormone as a treatment for obesity. Each of the three had a distinct set of skills that made this advance possible; Habener is an endocrinologist and molecular biologist, Mojsov is a peptide chemist, and Knudsen is a pharmaceutical scientist. Their ...
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作者：Cuxart-Erruz, Raimon; Van Dooren, Tom J. M.; van der Geer, Alexandra A. E.; Galis, Frietson
作者单位：Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Universite Paris-Est-Creteil-Val-de-Marne (UPEC); Sorbonne Universite; Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE)
摘要：Mammals as a rule have seven cervical vertebrae, a number which remains remarkably conserved. Occasional deviations of this number are usually due to the presence of cervical ribs on the seventh vertebra, indicating a homeotic transformation from a cervical rib- less vertebra into a thoracic rib- bearing vertebra. These transformations are often associated with major congenital abnormalities or pediatric cancers (pleiotropic effects) that are, at least in humans, strongly selected against. Bas...
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作者：Marquez, Diego A.; Wong, Suan Chin; Stuart-Williams, Hilary; Cernusak, Lucas A.; Farquhar, Graham D.
作者单位：Australian National University; University of Birmingham; University of Birmingham; James Cook University
摘要：A fundamental assumption in plant science posits that leaf air spaces remain vapor saturated, leading to the predominant view that stomata alone control leaf water loss. This concept has been pivotal in photosynthesis and water- use efficiency research. However, recent evidence has refuted this longstanding assumption by providing evidence of unsaturation in the leaf air space of C3 plants under relatively mild vapor pressure deficit (VPD) stress. This phenomenon represents a nonstomatal mecha...
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作者：Radwan, Ahmed; Eccleston, Jason; Sabag, Ofra; Marcus, Howard; Sussman, Jonathan; Ouro, Alberto; Rahamim, Moran; Azagury, Meir; Azria, Batia; Stanger, Ben Z.; Cedar, Howard; Buganim, Yosef
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：A number of studies have demonstrated that it is possible to directly convert one cell type to another by factor- mediated transdifferentiation, but in the vast majority of cases, the resulting reprogrammed cells are unable to maintain their new cell identity for prolonged culture times and have a phenotype only partially similar to their endogenous counterparts. To better understand this phenomenon, we developed an analytical approach for better characterizing trans- differentiation- associat...
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作者：Feng, Xu; Yang, Chang; Huang, Yuanjian; Su, Dan; Wang, Chao; Wilson, Lori Lyn; Yin, Ling; Tang, Mengfan; Li, Siting; Chen, Zhen; Zhu, Dandan; Wang, Shimin; Zhang, Shengzhe; Zhang, Jie; Zhang, Huimin; Nie, Litong; Huang, Min; Park, Jae - Il; Hart, Traver; Jiang, Dadi; Jiang, Kuirong; Chen, Junjie
作者单位：Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Medical University; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Harbin Medical University; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center
摘要：Immune evasion is not only critical for tumor initiation and progression, but also determines the efficacy of immunotherapies. Through iterative in vivo CRISPR screens with seven syngeneic tumor models, we identified core and context- dependent immune evasion pathways across cancer types. This valuable high- confidence dataset is available for the further understanding of tumor intrinsic immunomodulators, which may lead to the discovery of effective anticancer therapeutic targets. With a focus...
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作者：Wilhelm, Kiera B.; Vissa, Anand; Groves, Jay T.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Antibody- derived T- cell receptor (TCR) agonists are commonly used to activate T cells. While antibodies can trigger TCRs regardless of clonotype, they bypass native T cell signal integration mechanisms that rely on monovalent, membrane- associated, and relatively weakly binding ligand in the context of cellular adhesion. Commonly used antibodies and their derivatives bind much more strongly than native peptide major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) ligands bind their cognate TCRs. Because l...
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作者：Lu, Sen; Li, Xuechuan; Cheng, Yumeng; Zhou, Jia; Zhang, Guan
