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作者：Deverna, Matthew R.; Yan, Harry Yaojun; Yang, Kai-Cheng; Menczer, Filippo
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Stanford University; Northeastern University
摘要：Fact checking can be an effective strategy against misinformation, but its implementation at scale is impeded by the overwhelming volume of information online. Recent AI language models have shown impressive ability in fact-checking tasks, but how humans interact with fact-checking information provided by these models is unclear. Here, we investigate the impact of fact-checking information generated by a popular large language model (LLM) on belief in, and sharing intent of, political news hea...
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作者：Schweiger, Gerald; Barnett, Adrian; van den Besselaar, Peter; Bornmann, Lutz; De Block, Andreas; Ioannidis, John P. A.; Sandstroem, Ulf; Conix, Stijn
作者单位：Technische Universitat Wien; Queensland University of Technology (QUT); Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Max Planck Society; KU Leuven; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Royal Institute of Technology
摘要：Research funding systems fundamentally influence how science operates. This paper aims to analyze the allocation of competitive research funding from different perspectives: How reliable are decision processes for funding? What are the economic costs of competitive funding? How does competition for funds affect doing risky research? How do competitive funding environments affect scientists themselves, and which ethical issues must be considered? We attempt to identify gaps in our knowledge of ...
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作者：Almada, Amalia Aruda
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Southern California
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作者：Serrano-Fernandez, Luis; Beiran, Manuel; Romo, Ranulfo; Parga, Nestor
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - UAM - Institut de Fisica Teorica (IFT); Autonomous University of Madrid; Autonomous University of Madrid; Columbia University
摘要：Perception is influenced by sensory stimulation, prior knowledge, and contextual which collectively contribute to the emergence of perceptual biases. However, precise neural mechanisms underlying these biases remain poorly understood. study aims to address this gap by analyzing neural recordings from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of monkeys performing a vibrotactile frequency discrimination task. findings provide empirical evidence supporting the hypothesis that perceptual biases can be reflecte...
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作者：Kristensen, Mie
作者单位：University of Copenhagen
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作者：Shahriar, Imrul; Kamra, Mohini; Kanduluru, Ananda Kumar; Campbell, Charity Lynn; Nguyen, Thanh Hiep; Srinivasarao, Madduri; Low, Philip S.
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作者：Utzschneider, Clothilde; Suresh, Bhagyanath; Sciortino, Alfredo; Gaillard, Jeremie; Schaeffer, Alexandre; Pattanayak, Sudipta; Joanny, Jean-Francois; Blanchoin, Laurent; Thery, Manuel
作者单位：Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); INRAE; Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; College de France; UNICANCER; Universite PSL; Institut Curie
摘要：The internal organization of cells is largely determined by the architecture and orientation of the microtubule network. Microtubules serve as polar tracks for the selective transport of specific molecular motors toward either their plus or minus ends. How both motors reciprocally move microtubules and organize the network's arrangement and polarity is unknown. Here, we combined experiments on reconstituted systems and theory to study the interaction of microtubules with both plus- and minus- ...
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作者：Xu, Wenjing; Sun, Yifan; Breen, Peter; Ruvkun, Gary; Mao, Kai
作者单位：Northwest A&F University - China; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that defends against viral infections in diverse organisms. Caenorhabditis elegans mutations that enhance RNAi have revealed pathways that may regulate antiviral defense. A genetic screen for C. elegans mutations that fail to up- regulate a defense response reporter transgene detected mutations that enhance RNAi to silence this reporter gene in the inositol polyphosphate multikinase impk-1, the synMuv B gene lin-15B, and the pathog...
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作者：Zhang, Haotian; Gur, Mert; Bahar, Ivet
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
摘要：Hinge sites of proteins play a key role in mediating conformational mechanics. Among them, those involved in the most collective modes of motion, also called global hinges, are of particular interest, as they support cooperative rearrangements that are often functional. Yet, the utility of targeting global hinges for modulating function remains to be established. We present here a systematic study of a series of proteins resolved in drug- bound forms to examine the probabilistic occurrence of ...
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作者：Doello, Sofia; Shvarev, Dmitry; Theune, Marius; Sauerwein, Jakob; Klon, Alexander; Keskin, Erva; Boehm, Marko; Gutekunst, Kirstin; Forchhammer, Karl
作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; University Osnabruck; University Osnabruck; Universitat Kassel; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
摘要：The oxidative pentose phosphate (OPP) pathway is a fundamental carbon catabolic route for generating reducing power and metabolic intermediates for biosynthetic processes. In addition, its first two reactions form the OPP shunt, which replenishes the Calvin-Benson cycle under certain conditions. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of this metabolic route. In photosynthetic organisms, G6PDH is redox-regulated to allow fine-tuning and to preve...
