2024

最新文章

• The 4EHP-mediated translational repression of cGAS impedes the host immune response against DNA viruses AI翻译
  作者：Ladak, Reese Jalal; Choi, Jung - Hyun; Luo, Jun; Chen, Owen J.; Mahmood, Niaz; He, Alexander J.; Naeli, Parisa; Snell, Patric Harris; Bayani, Esha; Hoang, Huy - Dung; Alain, Tommy; Teodoro, Jose G.; Wang, Jianwei; Zhang, Xu; Jafarnejad, Seyed Mehdi; Sonenberg, Nahum
  作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; Queens University Belfast; McGill University; University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College
  摘要：A critical host response against viral infections entails the activation of innate immune signaling that culminates in the production of antiviral proteins. DNA viruses are sensed by the cytosolic pattern recognition receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which initiates a signaling pathway that results in production of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interferon-beta (IFN- beta ) and activation of the antiviral response. Precise regulation of the antiviral innate immune response is require...
• Nanoplastics measurements must have appropriate blanks AI翻译
  作者：Materic, Dusan
  作者单位：Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ)
• There is no horizontal gravity force in geopotential coordinates AI翻译
  作者：Mcwilliams, James C.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：In response to a recent challenge to the longstanding practice in modeling large-scale circulations in the atmosphere and ocean that neglects any horizontal component of Earth's gravity-rotation force, this paper demonstrates that a coordinate transformation into geopotential coordinates has no such horizontal force. This framework should be understood as the justification for and, if warranted, the basis for making further refinements to such geophysical models.
• Deficiency in glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) results in abnormal lens development and newborn cataract AI翻译
  作者：Wei, Zongbo; Hao, Caili; Radeen, Kazi Rafsan; Hao, Zheng; Kettimuthu, Kavitha; Maner-Smith, Kristal; Toyokuni, Shinya; Fan, Xingjun
  作者单位：University System of Georgia; Augusta University; Nagoya University; Emory University
  摘要：The human lens is composed of a monolayer of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and elongated fibers that align tightly but are separated by the plasma membrane. The integrity of the lens plasma membrane is crucial for maintaining lens cellular structure, homeostasis, and transparency. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a selenoenzyme, plays a critical role in protecting against lipid peroxidation. This study aims to elucidate the role of GPX4 in lens plasma membrane stability during lens development ...
• Agonist activation to open the Gα subunit of the GPCR-G protein precoupled complex defines functional agonist activation of TAS2R5 AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Moon Young; Mac, Khuong Duy; Strzelinski, Hannah R.; Hoffman, Samantha A.; Kim, Donghwa; Kim, Soo - Kyung; Su, Judith; Liggett, Stephen B.; Goddard, William A., III
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; University of Arizona; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; University of Arizona
  摘要：G protein- coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate multiple cellular responses and represent highly successful therapeutic targets. The mechanisms by which agonists activate the G protein are unclear for many GPCR families, including the bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs). We ascertained TAS2R5 properties by live cell- based functional assays, direct binding affinity measurements using optical resonators, and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We focus on three agonists that exhibit a wide rang...
• The unappreciated centrality of ethnoracially mixed Americans to the nation's demographic future AI翻译
  作者：Alba, Richard
  作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System
  摘要：The ethnoracial future of the United States has been framed as a demographic binary: Whites vs. people of color. The argument here is that this binary distorts by failing to take into adequate account the rapidly growing group of Americans who have been raised in mixed minority and White families, the great majority of the total mixed population. The members of this group generally have distinctive social characteristics: socioeconomic advantages compared to minorities and social integration i...
• Homeotic and nonhomeotic patterns in the tetrapod vertebral formula AI翻译
  作者：Cerbus, Rory T.; Hiratani, Ichiro; Kawaguchi, Kyogo
  作者单位：RIKEN; RIKEN; RIKEN; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo
  摘要：Vertebrate development and phylogeny are intimately connected through the vertebral formula, the numerical distribution of vertebrae along the body axis into different categories such as neck and chest. A key window into this relationship is through the conserved Hox gene clusters. Hox gene expression boundaries align with vertebral boundaries, and their manipulation in model organisms often results in the transformation of one vertebral type into its neighbor, a homeotic transformation. If th...
• The kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on a human challenge study AI翻译
  作者：Iyaniwura, Sarafa A.; Ribeiro, Ruy M.; Zitzmann, Carolin; Phan, Tin; Ke, Ruian; Perelson, Alan S.
  作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
  摘要：Studying the early events that occur after viral infection in humans is difficult unless one intentionally infects volunteers in a human challenge study. Here, we use data about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in such a study in combination with mathematical modeling to gain insights into the relationship between the amount of virus in the upper respiratory tract and the immune response it generates. We propose a set of dynamic models of increasing complexity to di...
• Dynamic multilayered control of m6A RNA demethylase activity AI翻译
  作者：Jaafar, Carine; Aguiar, Ricardo C. T.
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital
  摘要：Similar to DNA and histone, RNA can also be methylated. In its most common form, a N6- methyladenosine (m6A) chemical modification is introduced into nascent messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) by a specialized methyltransferase complex and removed by the RNA demethylases, Fat mass and obesity- associated (FTO), and ALKBH5. The fate of m6A- marked mRNA is uniquely diverse, ranging from degradation to stabilization/translation, which has been suggested to be largely dependent on its interaction w...
• A nucleobase- driven P450 peroxidase system enables regio- and stereo- specific formation of C―C and C―N bonds AI翻译
  作者：Wei, Guangzheng; Duan, Borui; Zhou, Tai-Ping; Tian, Wenya; Sun, Chenghai; Lin, Zhi; Deng, Zixin; Wang, Binju; Zhang, Zhengyu; Qu, Xudong
  作者单位：Wuhan University; Wuhan University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Xiamen University; Xiamen University
  摘要：P450 peroxidase activities are valued for their ability to catalyze complex chemical transformations using economical H2O2; however, they have been largely underexplored compared to their monooxygenase and peroxygenase activities. In this study, we identified an unconventional P450 enzyme, PtmB, which catalyzes the dimerization of purine nucleobases and tryptophan- containing diketopiperazines (TDKPs), yielding C3- nucleobase pyrroloindolines and nucleobase-TDKP dimers. Unlike typical TDKP P45...