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作者：Cole, Jared M.; Scott, Carly B.; Johnson, Mackenzie M.; Golightly, Peter R.; Carlson, Jedidiah; Ming, Matthew J.; Harpak, Arbel; Kirkpatrick, Mark
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
摘要：Sex-differential selection (SDS), which occurs when the fitness effects of alleles differ between males and females, can have profound impacts on the maintenance of genetic variation, disease risk, and other key aspects of natural populations. Because the sexes mix their autosomal genomes each generation, quantifying SDS is not possible using conventional population genetic approaches. Here, we introduce a method that exploits subtle sex differences in haplotype frequencies resulting from SDS ...
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作者：Li, Shuaishuai; Wang, Wei; Wu, Huizhong; Zhang, Xiuwu; Liang, Ruiheng; Zhang, Xuyang; Song, Ge; Jing, Jiana; Li, Shasha; Zhou, Minghua
作者单位：Nankai University
摘要：Peroxymonosulfate-based electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (PMS- EAOPs) have great potential for sustainable water purification, so an in- depth understanding of its catalytic mechanism is imperative to facilitate its practical application. Herein, the performance enhancement and mechanism of electroenhanced PMS activation by single- atom Fe catalyst modified carbon felt was investigated. Compared with the anode, the cathode exhibited faster bisphenol A degradation ( k cathode = 0.07...
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作者：Earley, Eric J.; D'Alessandro, Angelo; Kaestner, Lars; Page, Grier P.
作者单位：Research Triangle Institute; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Children's Hospital Colorado; Universitatsklinikum des Saarlandes; Saarland University; Research Triangle Institute
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作者：Liu, Yutong; Wang, Ailian; Chen, Chen; Zhang, Qian; Shen, Qin; Zhang, Dan; Xiao, Xueqi; Chen, Shasha; Lian, Lili; Le, Zhenmin; Liu, Shengduo; Liang, Tingbo; Zheng, Qinxiang; Xu, Pinglong; Zou, Jian
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Wenzhou University; Wenzhou Medical University
摘要：Characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and vision loss, glaucoma is the primary cause of irreversible blindness, incurable and affecting over 78 million patients. However, pathogenic mechanisms leading to glaucoma- induced RGC loss are incompletely understood. Unexpectedly, we found that cGAS-STING (2 ' 3 '- cyclic GMP- AMP-stimulator of interferon genes) signaling, which surveils displaced double- stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytosol and initiates innate imm...
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作者：Al-Babili, Salim
作者单位：King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology
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作者：Hipp, Julie B.; Ramos, Paolo Z.; Liu, Qingsong; Wagner, Norman J.; Richards, Jeffrey J.
作者单位：University of Delaware; Northwestern University; Procter & Gamble
摘要：Electron transport in complex fluids, biology, and soft matter is a valuable characteristic in processes ranging from redox reactions to electrochemical energy storage. These processes often employ conductor-insulator composites in which electron transport properties are fundamentally linked to the microstructure and dynamics of the conductive phase. While microstructure and dynamics are well recognized as key determinants of the electrical properties, a unified description of their effect has...
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作者：Garza-Carbajal, Anibal; Bavencoffe, Alexis; Herrera, Juan J.; Johnson, Kayla N.; Walters, Edgar T.; Dessauer, Carmen W.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston
摘要：Over half of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients develop opioid-resistant chronic neuropathic pain. Safer alternatives to opioids for treatment of neuropathic pain are gabapentinoids (e.g., pregabalin and gabapentin). Clinically, gabapentinoids appear to amplify opioid effects, increasing analgesia and overdose-related adverse outcomes, but in vitro proof of this amplification and its mechanism are lacking. We previously showed that after SCI, sensitivity to opioids is reduced by fourfold to six...
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作者：Berkes, Enrico; Marion, Monica; Milojevic, Stasa; Weinberg, Bruce A.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Despite the long- standing calls for increased levels of interdisciplinary research as a way to address society's grand challenges, most science is still disciplinary. To understand the slow rate of convergence to more interdisciplinary research, we examine 154,021 researchers who received a PhD in a biomedical field between 1970 and 2013, measuring the interdisciplinarity of their articles using the disciplinary composition of references. We provide a range of evidence that interdisciplinary ...
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作者：Fierro, Manuel A.; Hussain, Tahir; Campin, Liam J.; Beck, Josh R.
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作者：Lu, Lu; Leanza, Sophie; Dai, Jize; Hutchinson, John W.; Zhao, Ruike Renee
作者单位：Stanford University; Harvard University
摘要：Multistable structures have widespread applications in the design of deployable aerospace systems, mechanical metamaterials, flexible electronics, and multimodal soft robotics due to their capability of shape reconfiguration between multiple stable states. Recently, the snap- folding of rings, often in the form of circles or polygons, has shown the capability of inducing diverse stable configurations. The natural curvature of the rod segment (curvature in its stress- free state) plays an impor...
