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作者：Bhattacharyya, Souvik; Lopez, Shelby; Singh, Abhyudai; Harshey, Rasika M.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Delaware
摘要：Flagella are highly complex rotary molecular machines that enable bacteria to not only migrate to optimal environments but also to promote range expansion, competitiveness, virulence, and antibiotic survival. Flagellar motility is an energy-demanding process, where the sum of its production (biosynthesis) and operation (rotation) costs has been estimated to total similar to 10% of the entire energy budget of an Escherichia coli cell. The acquisition of such a costly adaptation process is expec...
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作者：Krishnamoorthi, Arjun; Salom, David; Wu, Arum; Palczewski, Krzysztof; Rentzepis, Peter M.
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：The ultrafast photochemical reaction mechanism, transient spectra, and transition kinetics of the human blue cone visual pigment have been recorded at room temperature. Ultrafast time-resolved absorption spectroscopy revealed the progressive formation and decay of several metastable photo-intermediates, corresponding to the Batho to Meta-II photo-intermediates previously observed with bovine rhodopsin and human green cone opsin, on the picosecond to millisecond timescales following pulsed exci...
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作者：Simony, Erez; Grossman, Shany; Malach, Rafael
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; University of Hamburg
摘要：Central nervous system neurons manifest a rich diversity of selectivity profiles-whose precise role is still poorly understood. Following the striking success of artificial networks, a major debate has emerged concerning their usefulness in explaining neuronal properties. Here we propose that finding parallels between artificial and neuronal networks is informative precisely because these systems are so different from each other. Our argument is based on an extension of the concept of converge...
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作者：Asemota, Sarah; Effah, Wendy; Holt, Jeremiah; Johnson, Daniel; Cripe, Linnea; Ponnusamy, Suriyan; Thiyagarajan, Thirumagal; Khosrosereshki, Yekta; Hwang, Dong-Jin; He, Yali; Grimes, Brandy; Fleming, Martin D.; Pritchard, Frances E.; Hendrix, Ashley; Fan, Meiyun; Jain, Abhinav; Choi, Hyo Young; Makowski, Liza; Hayes, D. Neil; Miller, Duane D.; Pfeffer, Lawrence M.; Santhanam, Balaji; Narayanan, Ramesh
作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; St Jude Children's Research Hospital
摘要：Cancers develop resistance to inhibitors of oncogenes mainly due to target- centric mechanisms such as mutations and splicing. While inhibitors or antagonists force targets to unnatural conformation contributing to protein instability and resistance, activating tumor suppressors may maintain the protein in an agonistic conformation to elicit sustainable growth inhibition. Due to the lack of tumor suppressor agonists, this hypothesis and the mechanisms underlying resistance are not understood. ...
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作者：Liu, Yukun; Koo, Kunmo; Mao, Zugang; Fu, Xianbiao; Hu, Xiaobing; Dravid, Vinayak P.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Technical University of Denmark
摘要：Palladium (Pd) catalysts have been extensively studied for the direct synthesis of H2O through the hydrogen oxidation reaction at ambient conditions. This heterogeneous catalytic reaction not only holds considerable practical significance but also serves as a classical model for investigating fundamental mechanisms, including adsorption and reactions between adsorbates. Nonetheless, the governing mechanisms and kinetics of its intermediate reaction stages under varying gas conditions remain el...
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作者：Pandey, Saurabh; Han, Wenyan; Li, Jun; Shepard, Ryan; Wu, Kunwei; Castellano, David; Tian, Qingjun; Dong, Lijin; Li, Yan; Lu, Wei
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作者：Xu, Houlin; Nguyen, Anh Tay; Bazant, Zdenek P.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：The 2023 smooth Lagrangian Crack-Band Model (slCBM), inspired by the 2020 invention of the gap test, prevented spurious damage localization during fracture growth by introducing the second gradient of the displacement field vector, named the sprain, as the localization limiter. The key idea was that, in the finite element implementation, the displacement vector and its gradient should be treated as independent fields with the lowest (C0) continuity, constrained by a second-order Lagrange multi...
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作者：Zhang, Huimin; Lu, Haiquan; Xiang, Lisha; Bullen, John W.; Zhang, Chuanzhao; Samanta, Debangshu; Gilkes, Daniele M.; He, Jianjun; Semenza, Gregg L.
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作者：Zhang, Miao; Rahman, Salman; Mhasawade, Vishwali; Chunara, Rumi
作者单位：New York University; New York University Tandon School of Engineering
摘要：New data sources and AI methods for extracting information are increasingly abundant and relevant to decision-making across societal applications. A notable example is street view imagery, available in over 100 countries, and purported to inform built environment interventions (e.g., adding sidewalks) for community health outcomes. However, biases can arise when decision-making does not account for data robustness or relies on spurious correlations. To investigate this risk, we analyzed 2.02 m...
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作者：Xu, Wenjin; Butt, Bilal
作者单位：Senckenberg Biodiversitat & Klima- Forschungszentrum (BiK-F); Leibniz Association; Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung (SGN); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：The presence of livestock inside protected areas, or livestock encroachment, is a global conservation concern because livestock is broadly thought to negatively affect wildlife. The Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR), Kenya, exemplifies this tension as livestock is believed to have resulted in the declining wildlife populations, contributing to the strict and sometimes violent exclusion measures targeting Maasai pastoralists. However, research embedded in the real- world setting that draws in...
