2024

最新文章

• Reduced stress propagation leads to increased mechanical failure resistance in auxetic materials AI翻译
  作者：Fielding, Suzanne M.
  作者单位：Durham University
  摘要：Materials with a negative Poisson ratio have the counterintuitive property of expanding laterally when they are stretched longitudinally. They are accordingly termed auxetic, from the Greek auxesis meaning to increase. Experimental studies have demonstrated auxetic materials to have superior material properties, compared with conventional ones. These include synclastic curvature, increased acoustic absorption, increased resilience to material fatigue, and increased resistance to mechanical fai...
• Interferon signaling in the nasal epithelium distinguishes among lethal and common cold coronaviruses and mediates viral clearance AI翻译
  作者：Otter, Clayton J.; Renner, David M.; Fausto, Alejandra; Tan, Li Hui; Cohen, Noam A.; Weiss, Susan R.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; Monell Chemical Senses Center
  摘要：All respiratory viruses establish primary infections in the nasal epithelium, where efficient innate immune induction may prevent dissemination to the lower airway and thus minimize pathogenesis. Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) cause a range of pathologies, but the host and viral determinants of disease during common cold versus lethal HCoV infections are poorly understood. We model the initial site of infection using primary nasal epithelial cells cultured at an air-liquid interface (ALI). HCoV-2...
• Roger Guillemin (1924 to 2024): Discoverer of brain hormones that control physiology AI翻译
  作者：Rivier, Catherine; Hunter, Tony; Evans, Ronald M.
  作者单位：Salk Institute
• Identification of potent pan- ephrin receptor kinase inhibitors using DNA- encoded chemistry technology AI翻译
  作者：Madasu, Chandrashekhar; Liao, Zian; Parks, Sydney E.; Sharma, Kiran L.; Bohren, Kurt M.; Ye, Qiuji; Li, Feng; Palaniappan, Murugesan; Tan, Zhi; Yuan, Fei; Creighton, Chad J.; Tang, Suni; Masand, Ramya P.; Guan, Xiaoming; Young, Damian W.; Monsivais, Diana; Matzuk, Martin M.
  作者单位：Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine
  摘要：EPH receptors (EPHs), the largest family of tyrosine kinases, phosphorylate downstream substrates upon binding of ephrin cell surface-associated ligands. In a large cohort of endometriotic lesions from individuals with endometriosis, we found that EPHA2 and EPHA4 expressions are increased in endometriotic lesions relative to normal eutopic endometrium. Because signaling through EPHs is associated with increased cell migration and invasion, we hypothesized that chemical inhibition of EPHA2/4 co...
• Core planar cell polarity genes VANGL1 and VANGL2 in predisposition to congenital vertebral malformations AI翻译
  作者：Feng, Xin; Ye, Yongyu; Zhang, Jianan; Zhang, Yuanqiang; Zhao, Sen; Mak, Judith C. W.; Otomo, Nao; Zhao, Zhengye; Niu, Yuchen; Yonezawa, Yoshiro; Li, Guozhuang; Lin, Mao; Li, Xiaoxin; Cheung, Prudence Wing Hang; Xu, Kexin; Takeda, Kazuki; Wang, Shengru; Xie, Junjie; Kotani, Toshiaki; Choi, Vanessa N. T.; Song, You-Qiang; Yang, Yang; Luk, Keith Dip Kei; Lee, Kin Shing; Li, Ziquan; Li, Pik Shan; Leung, Connie Y. H.; Lin, Xiaochen; Wang, Xiaolu; Qiu, Guixing; Watanabe, Kota; Wu, Zhihong; Posey, Jennifer E.; Ikegawa, Shiro; Lupski, James R.; Cheung, Jason Pui Yin; Zhang, Terry Jianguo; Gao, Bo; Wu, Nan
  作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Peking Union Medical College; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; University of Hong Kong; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences & Guangdong General Hospital; Southern Medical University - China; University of Hong Kong; Shandong University; University of Hong Kong; Keio University; RIKEN; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College; Zhejiang University; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College Medical Hospital; Baylor College of Medicine; University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong
  摘要：Congenital scoliosis (CS), affecting approximately 0.5 to 1 in 1,000 live births, is commonly caused by congenital vertebral malformations (CVMs) arising from aberrant somitogenesis or somite differentiation. While Wnt/ss - catenin signaling has been implicated in somite development, the function of Wnt/planar cell polarity (Wnt/PCP) signaling in this process remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of Vangl1 and Vangl2 in vertebral development and found that their deletion causes verte...
• Selective social interactions and speed-induced leadership in schooling fish AI翻译
  作者：Puy, Andreu; Gimeno, Elisabet; Torrents, Jordi; Bartashevich, Palina; Miguel, M. Carmen; Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo; Romanczuk, Pawel
  作者单位：Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya; University of Barcelona; Humboldt University of Berlin; Technical University of Berlin; University of Barcelona
  摘要：Animals moving together in groups are believed to interact among each other with effective social forces, such as attraction, repulsion, and alignment. Such forces can be inferred using force maps, i.e., by analyzing the dependency of the acceleration of a focal individual on relevant variables. Here, we introduce a force map technique suitable for the analysis of the alignment forces experienced by individuals. After validating it using an agent -based model, we apply the force map to experim...
• The first peoples of the Atacama Desert lived among the trees: A 11,600-to 11,200-year- old grove and congregation site AI翻译
  作者：Ugalde, Paula C.; Joly, Delphine; Latorre, Claudio; Gayo, Eugenia M.; Labarca, Rafael; Simunovic, Mikhaela; Mcrostie, Virginia; Holliday, Vance T.; Quade, Jay; Santoro, Calogero M.
  作者单位：Universidad Alberto Hurtado; Universidad de Tarapaca; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Universidad de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; University of Arizona; University of Arizona
  摘要：In deserts, water has been singled out as the most important factor for choosing where to settle, but trees were likely an important part of the landscape for hunter - gatherers beyond merely constituting an economic resource. Yet, this critical aspect has not been considered archaeologically. Here, we present the results of mapping and radiocarbon dating of a truly unique archaeological record. Over 150 preserved stumps around five Late Pleistocene/ Early Holocene archaeological campsites (12...
• Structural rearrangements in the nucleus localize latent HIV proviruses to a perinucleolar compartment supportive of reactivation AI翻译
  作者：Kizito, Fredrick; Nguyen, Kien; Mbonye, Uri; Shukla, Meenakshi; Luttge, Benjamin; Checkley, Mary Ann; Agaponova, Anna; Leskov, Konstantin; Karn, Jonathan
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
  摘要：Using an immunofluorescence assay based on CRISPR - dCas9 - gRNA complexes that selectively bind to the HIV LTR (HIV Cas - FISH), we traced changes in HIV DNA localization in primary effector T cells from early infection until the cells become quiescent as they transition to memory cells. Unintegrated HIV DNA colocalized with CPSF6 and HIV capsid (CA, p24) was found in the cytoplasm and nuclear periphery at days 1 and 3 post infection. From days 3 to 7, most HIV DNA was distributed primarily i...
• Inferring COVID-19 testing and vaccination behavior from New Jersey testing data AI翻译
  作者：Freedman, Ari S.; Sheen, Justin K.; Tsai, Stella; Yao, Jihong; Lifshitz, Edward; Adinaro, David; Levin, Simon A.; Grenfell, Bryan T.; Metcalf, C. Jessica E.
  作者单位：Princeton University; New Jersey Department of Health & Senior Services
  摘要：Characterizing the relationship between disease testing behaviors and infectious disease dynamics is of great importance for public health. Tests for both current and past infection can influence disease -related behaviors at the individual level, while population -level knowledge of an epidemic's course may feed back to affect one's likelihood of taking a test. The COVID-19 pandemic has generated testing data on an unprecedented scale for tests detecting both current infection (PCR, antigen) ...
• APOBEC2 safeguards skeletal muscle cell fate through binding chromatin and regulating transcription of non- muscle genes during myoblast differentiation AI翻译
  作者：Lorenzo, J. Paulo; Molla, Linda; Amro, Elias Moris; Ibarra, Ignacio L.; Ruf, Sandra; Neber, Cedrik; Gkougkousis, Christos; Ridani, Jana; Subramani, Poorani Ganesh; Boulais, Jonathan; Harjanto, Dewi; Vonica, Alin; Di Noia, Javier M.; Dieterich, Christoph; Zaugg, Judith B.; Papavasiliou, F. Nina
  作者单位：Helmholtz Association; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Rockefeller University; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Institut de Recherche Clinique de Montreal (IRCM); Universite de Montreal; McGill University; Universite de Montreal; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research
  摘要：The apolipoprotein B messenger RNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family is composed of nucleic acid editors with roles ranging from antibody diversification to RNA editing. APOBEC2, a member of this family with an evolutionarily conserved nucleic acid-binding cytidine deaminase domain, has neither an established substrate nor function. Using a cellular model of muscle differentiation where APOBEC2 is inducibly expressed, we confirmed that APOBEC2 does not have the attributed m...