2024

最新文章

• Endosomal membrane budding patterns in plants AI翻译
  作者：Weiner, Ethan; Berryman, Elizabeth; Frey, Felix; Solis, Ariadna Gonzalez; Leier, Andre; Lago, Tatiana Marquez; Saric, Andela; Otegui, Marisa S.
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Institute of Science & Technology - Austria; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
  摘要：Multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) sequester membrane proteins destined for degradation within intralumenal vesicles (ILVs), a process mediated by the membrane- remodeling action of Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) proteins. Arabidopsis, endosomal membrane constriction and scission are uncoupled, resulting the formation of extensive concatenated ILV networks and enhancing cargo sequestration efficiency. Here, we used a combination of electron tomography, computer simulatio...
• Delivery of functional Cas:DNA nucleoprotein complexes into recipient bacteria through a type IV secretion system AI翻译
  作者：Guzman-Herrador, Dolores L.; Fernandez-Gomez, Andrea; Depardieu, Florence; Bikard, David; Llosa, Matxalen
  作者单位：Universidad de Cantabria; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universidad de Cantabria; CSIC - Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria (IBBTEC); Pasteur Network; Universite Paris Cite; Institut Pasteur Paris
  摘要：CRISPR- associated (Cas) endonucleases and their derivatives are widespread tools for the targeted genetic modification of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. A critical step of all CRISPR-Cas technologies is the delivery of the Cas endonuclease to the target cell. Here, we investigate the possibility of using bacterial conjugation to translocate Cas proteins into recipient bacteria. Conjugative relaxases are translocated through a type IV secretion system into the recipient cell, covalen...
• Human tissue- resident NK cells in the lung have a higher glycolytic capacity than non- tissue- resident NK cells in the lung and blood AI翻译
  作者：Walsh, Aaron; Woods, Robbie; Batten, Isabella; Murphy, Dearbhla M.; Connolly, Sarah A.; Duffin, Emily; O'Gallchobhair, Oisin; Nadarajan, Parthiban; O'Connell, Finbarr; Gleeson, Laura E.; Keane, Joseph; Basdeo, Sharee A.
  作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; Trinity College Dublin
  摘要：Tissue- resident natural killer (trNK) cells are present in the human lung, yet their metabolic function is unknown. NK cell effector and metabolic function are intrinsically linked therefore targeting metabolism presents therapeutic potential in supporting NK cell effector function. This study identifies trNK cells in human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and reveals their distinct metabolic function. To assess the differential phenotype and metabolism of NK cells in the lung, human BALF,...
• Functional inversion of circadian regulator REV- ERBα leads to tumorigenic gene reprogramming AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Yatian; Zhang, Xiong; Cai, Demin; Zheng, Xingling; Zhao, Xuan; Zou, June X.; Zhang, Jin; Borowsky, Alexander D.; Dall'Era, Marc A.; Corey, Eva; Mitsiades, Nicholas; Kung, Hsing-Jien; Chen, Xinbin; Li, Jian Jian; Downes, Michael; Evans, Ronald M.; Chen, Hong-Wu
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; Salk Institute; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Profound functional switch of key regulatory factors may play a major role in homeostasis and disease. Dysregulation of circadian rhythm (CR) is strongly implicated in cancer with mechanisms poorly understood. We report here that the function of REV-ERB alpha, a major CR regulator of the orphan nuclear receptor subfamily, is dramatically altered in tumors in both its genome binding and functional mode. Loss of CR is linked to a functional inversion of REV-ERB alpha from a repressor in control ...
• Fast, variable stiffness- induced braided coiled artificial muscles AI翻译
  作者：Hu, Xinghao; Wang, Xiangyu; Wang, Jian; Zhang, Guorong; Fang, Shaoli; Zhang, Fengrui; Xiao, Ye; Cheng, Guanggui; Baughman, Ray H.; Ding, Jianning
  作者单位：Jiangsu University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Northwestern Polytechnical University; Yangzhou University
  摘要：Biomimetic actuation technologies with high muscle strokes, cycle rates, and work capacities are necessary for robotic systems. We present a muscle type that operates based on changes in muscle stiffness caused by volume expansion. This muscle is created by coiling a mechanically strong braid, in which an elastomer hollow tube is adhesively attached inside. We show that the muscle reversibly contracts by 47.3% when driven by an oscillating input air pressure of 120 kilopascals at 10 Hz. It gen...
• Local adaptation, plasticity, and evolved resistance to hypoxic cold stress in high-altitude deer mice AI翻译
  作者：Bautista, Naim M.; Herrera, Nathanael D.; Shadowitz, Ellen; Wearing, Oliver H.; Cheviron, Zachary A.; Scott, Graham R.; Storz, Jay F.
  作者单位：University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University of Montana System; University of Montana; McMaster University; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Okanagan
  摘要：A fundamental question in evolutionary biology concerns the relative contributions of phenotypic plasticity vs. local adaptation (genotypic specialization) in enabling wide-ranging species to inhabit diverse environmental conditions. Here, we conduct a long-term hypoxia acclimation experiment to assess the relative roles of local adaptation and plasticity in enabling highland and lowland deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) to sustain aerobic thermogenesis at progressively increasing elevations....
• Complexity of confined water vitrification and its glass transition temperature AI翻译
  作者：Melillo, Jorge H.; Cangialosi, Daniele; Di Lisio, Valerio; Steinruecken, Elisa; Vogel, Michael; Cerveny, Silvina
  作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); University of Basque Country; CSIC - UPV EHU - Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CFM); Technical University of Darmstadt
  摘要：The ability of vitrification when crossing the glass transition temperature (T-g) of confined and bulk water is crucial for myriad phenomena in diverse fields, ranging from the cryopreservation of organs and food to the development of cryoenzymatic reactions, frost damage to buildings, and atmospheric water. However, determining water's Tg remains a major challenge. Here, we elucidate the glass transition of water by analyzing the calorimetric behavior of nano-confined water across various por...
• Zircon geochemistry from early evolved terranes records coeval stagnant- and mobile-lid tectonic regimes AI翻译
  作者：Mixon, Emily E.; Bauer, Ann M.; Blum, Tyler B.; Valley, John W.; Rizo, Hanika; O'Neil, Jonathan; Kitajima, Kouki
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Carleton University; University of Ottawa
  摘要：Determining the mechanisms by which the earliest continental crust was generated and reworked is important for constraining the evolution of Earth's geodynamic, surface, and atmospheric conditions. However, the details of early plate tectonic settings often remain obscured by the intervening similar to 4 Ga of crustal recycling. Covariations of U, Nb, Sc, and Yb in zircon have been shown to faithfully reflect Phanerozoic whole-rock-based plate-tectonic discriminators and are therefore useful i...
• Illusory interparty disagreement: Partisans agree on what hate speech to censor but do not know it AI翻译
  作者：Solomon, Brittany C.; Hall, Matthew E. K.; Hemmen, Abigail; Druckman, James N.
  作者单位：University of Notre Dame; University of Notre Dame; University of Rochester
  摘要：Whether and when to censor hate speech are long-standing points of contention in the US. The latest iteration of these debates entails grappling with content regulation on social media in an age of intense partisan polarization. But do partisans disagree about what types of hate speech to censor on social media or do they merely differ on how much hate speech to censor? And do they understand out-party censorship preferences? We examine these questions in a nationally representative conjoint s...
• Evolution of the substrate specificity of an RNA ligase ribozyme from phosphorimidazole to triphosphate activation AI翻译
  作者：Dasgupta, Saurja; Weiss, Zoe; Nisler, Collin; Szostak, Jack W.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; University of Chicago; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Chicago; University of Notre Dame; University of Notre Dame; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：The acquisition of new RNA functions through evolutionary processes was essential for the diversification of RNA- based primordial biology and its subsequent transition to modern biology. However, the mechanisms by which RNAs access new functions remain unclear. Do RNA enzymes need completely new folds to support new but related functions, or is reoptimization of the active site sufficient? What are the roles of neutral and adaptive mutations in evolutionary innovation? Here, we address these ...