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作者：Li, Haiou; Sun, Yishuang; Yao, Yingmeng; Ke, Shanwen; Zhang, Nannan; Xiong, Wenjun; Shi, Jie; He, Chuan; Xiao, Xiangling; Yu, Haisheng; Dai, Panpan; Xiang, Bolin; Xing, Xixin; Xu, Gaoshan; Song, Wenjing; Song, Jiquan; Zhang, Jinfang
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作者：Zentout, Siham; Imburchia, Victor; Chapuis, Catherine; Duma, Lena; Schuetzenhofer, Kira; Prokhorova, Evgeniia; Ahel, Ivan; Smith, Rebecca; Huet, Sebastien
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite de Rennes; University of Oxford
摘要：Poly(ADP- ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) has emerged as a central target for cancer therapies due to the ability of PARP inhibitors to specifically kill tumors deficient for DNA repair by homologous recombination. Upon DNA damage, PARP1 quickly binds to DNA breaks and triggers ADP- ribosylation signaling. ADP- ribosylation is important for the recruitment of various factors to sites of damage, as well as for the timely dissociation of PARP1 from DNA breaks. Indeed, PARP1 becomes trapped at DNA b...
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作者：Attah, Victoria; Milner, David S.; Fang, Yufeng; Yan, Xia; Leonard, Guy; Heitman, Joseph; Talbot, Nicholas J.; Richards, Thomas A.
作者单位：University of Oxford; Duke University; University of East Anglia; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center
摘要：Oomycete protists share phenotypic similarities with fungi, including the ability to cause plant diseases, but branch in a distant region of the tree of life. It has been suggested that multiple horizontal gene transfers (HGTs) from fungi - to - oomycetes contributed to the evolution of plant - pathogenic traits. These HGTs are predicted to include secreted proteins that degrade plant cell walls, a barrier to pathogen invasion and a rich source of carbohydrates. Using a combination of phylogen...
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作者：Cheng, Mengling; Conley, Dalton; Kuipers, Tom; Li, Chihua; Ryan, Calen P.; Wang, Shuang; Wang, Tian; Zhou, Jiayi; Schmitz, Lauren L.; Tobi, Elmar W.; Heijmans, Bas; Lumey, L. H.; Belsky, Daniel W.; Taeubert, M. Jazmin
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Columbia University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Columbia University; Columbia University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：To test the hypothesis that early - life adversity accelerates the pace of biological aging, we analyzed data from the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study (DHWFS, N = 951). DHWFS is a natural - experiment birth - cohort study of survivors of in - utero exposure to famine conditions caused by the German occupation of the Western Netherlands in Winter 1944 to 1945, matched controls, and their siblings. We conducted DNA methylation analysis of blood samples collected when the survivors were aged 5...
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作者：Hackenburg, Kobi; Margetts, Helen
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have raised the prospect of scalable, automated, and fine- grained political microtargeting on a scale previously unseen; however, the persuasive influence of microtargeting with LLMs remains unclear. Here, we build a custom web application capable of integrating self- reported demographic and political data into GPT- 4 prompts in real- time, facilitating the live creation of unique messages tailored to persuade individual users on four polit...
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作者：Henrique, Filipe; Zuk, Pawel J.; Gupta, Ankur
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Lancaster University
摘要：Understanding the dynamics of electric-double-layer (EDL) charging in porous media is essential for advancements in next-generation energy storage devices. Due to the high computational demands of direct numerical simulations and a lack of interfacial boundary conditions for reduced-order models, the current understanding of EDL charging is limited to simple geometries. Here, we present a network model to without restrictions on EDL thickness and pore radii. We demonstrate that electrolyte tra...
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作者：Qi, Jingjing; Yan, Lichong; Sun, Jiping; Huang, Chuanxin; Su, Bing; Cheng, Jinke; Shen, Lei
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
摘要：Humoral immunity depends on the germinal center (GC) reaction where B cells are tightly controlled for class - switch recombination and somatic hypermutation and finally generated into plasma and memory B cells. However, how protein SUMOylation regulates the process of the GC reaction remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the expression of SUMO - specific protease 1 (SENP1) is up - regulated in GC B cells. Selective ablation of SENP1 in GC B cells results in impaired GC dark and light zo...
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作者：Bradshaw, Corey J. A.; Reepmeyer, Christian; Saltre, Frederik; Agapiou, Athos; Kassianidou, Vasiliki; Demesticha, Stella; Zomeni, Zomenia; Polidorou, Miltiadis; Moutsiou, Theodora
作者单位：Flinders University South Australia; James Cook University; Cyprus University of Technology; University of Cyprus
摘要：The antiquity of human dispersal into Mediterranean islands and ensuing coastal adaptation have remained largely unexplored due to the prevailing assumption that the sea was a barrier to movement and that islands were hostile environments to early hunter-gatherers [J. F. Cherry, T. P. Leppard, J. Isl. Coast. Archaeol. 13, 191-205 (2018), 10.1080/15564894.2016.1276489]. Using the latest archaeological data, hindcasted climate projections, and age-structured demographic models, we demonstrate ev...
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作者：Kamphorst, Jonne; Willer, Robb
作者单位：European University Institute; Stanford University
摘要：How accurate are Americans' perceptions of the material benefits associated with union membership, and do these perceptions influence their support for, and interest in joining, unions? We explore these questions in a preregistered, survey experiment conducted on a national sample, representative of the US population on a number of demographic benchmarks ( n = 1,430). We find that Americans exhibit large and consistent underestimates of the benefits associated with unionization, as compared to...
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作者：Manekin, Devorah; Mitts, Tamar; Zeira, Yael
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Columbia University; Syracuse University
摘要：Recent work finds that nonviolent resistance by ethnic minorities is perceived as more violent and requiring more policing than identical resistance by ethnic majorities, reducing its impact and effectiveness. We ask whether allies-advantaged group participants in disadvantaged group movements-can mitigate these barriers. On the one hand, allies can counter negative stereotypes and defuse threat perceptions among advantaged group members, while raising expectations of success and lowering expe...
