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最新文章

• Independent effects of the human circadian system and sleep/ eating cycles on caloric intake in adolescents vary by weight status AI翻译
  作者：Barker, David H.; Carskadon, Mary A.; Ardito, Caroline Gredvig-; Hart, Chantelle N.; Raynor, Hollie A.; Scheer, Frank A. J. L.
  作者单位：Brown University; Brown University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute
  摘要：Late- day eating is linked to increased obesity risk; however, whether the endogenous circadian system independently influences caloric intake and if this control differs among individuals based on weight status is unknown. Here, we investigated in adolescents the independent roles of the endogenous circadian system and of the behavioral sleep/wake and female adolescents across three weight status categories (24 with healthy weight, 13 with overweight, and 14 with obesity) completed the protoc...
• Global diversity and energy of animals shaping the Earth's surface AI翻译
  作者：Harvey, Gemma L.; Khan, Zareena; Albertson, Lindsey K.; Coombes, Martin; Johnson, Matthew F.; Rice, Stephen P.; Viles, Heather A.
  作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; University of Oxford; University of Nottingham; Manchester Metropolitan University
  摘要：The collective influence of animals on the processes shaping the Earth's surface remains largely unknown, with most studies limited to individual species and well- known exemplars. To establish the global geomorphic significance of animals, we systematically reviewed and synthesized evidence across freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. Over 600 animal taxa had reported geomorphic effects. For the 495 wild animals and 5 livestock identified to species level, we estimated their global abundance...
• Antagonizing cis- regulatory elements of a conserved flowering gene mediate developmental robustness AI翻译
  作者：Lanctot, Amy; Hendelman, Anat; Udilovich, Peter; Robitaille, Gina M.; Lippman, Zachary B.
  作者单位：Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
  摘要：Developmental transitions require precise temporal and spatial control of gene expression. In plants, such regulation is critical for flower formation, which involves the progressive maturation of stem cell populations within shoot meristems to floral meristems, followed by rapid sequential differentiation into floral organs. Across plant taxa, these transitions are orchestrated by the F- box transcriptional cofactor gene UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO). The conserved and pleiotropic functions of ...
• Early colonization of the deep- sea bottom-The protracted build- up of an ecosystem AI翻译
  作者：Buatois, Luis A.; Mangano, M. Gabriela; Paz, Maximiliano; Minter, Nicholas J.; Zhou, Kai
  作者单位：University of Saskatchewan; University of Portsmouth; University System of Ohio; Oberlin College
  摘要：Our understanding of the patterns and processes behind the evolution of deep- marine ecosystems is limited because the body- fossil record of the deep sea is poor. However, that gap in knowledge may be filled as deposits are host to diverse and abundant trace fossils that record the activities of benthic deep- marine organisms. Here, we built a global dataset of trace- fossil occurrences from a comprehensive survey of 720 Ediacaran-Devonian units and show that the establishment of a modern- st...
• Evolutionary rewiring of the dynamic network underpinning allosteric epistasis in NS1 of the influenza A virus AI翻译
  作者：Gonzales, James E.; Kim, Iktae; Bastiray, Abhishek; Hwang, Wonmuk; Cho, Jae-Hyun
  作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI); Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS)
  摘要：Viral proteins frequently mutate to evade host innate immune responses, yet the impact of these mutations on the molecular energy landscape remains unclear. Epistasis, the intramolecular communications between mutations, often renders the combined mutational effects unpredictable. Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is a major virulence factor of the influenza A virus (IAV) that activates host PI3K by binding to its p85f3 subunit. Here, we present a deep analysis of the impact of evolutionary mutati...
• A long- distance inhibitory system regulates haustoria numbers in parasitic plants AI翻译
  作者：Kokla, Anna; Leso, Martina; Simura, Jan; Wardig, Cecilia; Hayashi, Marina; Nishii, Naoshi; Tsuchiya, Yuichiro; Ljung, Karin; Melnyk, Charles W.
  作者单位：Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Umea University; Nagoya University; Nagoya University
  摘要：The ability of parasitic plants to withdraw nutrients from their hosts depends on the formation of an infective structure known as the haustorium. How parasites regulate their haustoria numbers is poorly understood, and here, we uncovered that existing haustoria in the facultative parasitic plants Phtheirospermum japonicum and Parentucellia viscosa suppressed the formation of new haustoria located on distant roots. Using Phtheirospermum, we found that this effect depended on the formation of m...
• Short-term exposure to filter-bubble recommendation systems has limited polarization effects: Naturalistic experiments on YouTube AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Naijia; Hu, Xinlan Emily; Savas, Yasemin; Baum, Matthew A.; Berinsky, Adam J.; Chaney, Allison J. B.; Lucas, Christopher; Mariman, Rei; de Benedictis-Kessner, Justin; Guess, Andrew M.; Knox, Dean; Stewart, Brandon M.
  作者单位：Harvard University; University of Pennsylvania; Princeton University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Duke University; Washington University (WUSTL); Princeton University; Princeton University; Princeton University
  摘要：An enormous body of literature argues that recommendation algorithms drive political polarization by creating filter bubbles and rabbit holes. Using four experiments with nearly 9,000 participants, we show that manipulating algorithmic recommendations to create these conditions has limited effects on opinions. Our experiments employ a custom-built video platform with a naturalistic, YouTube-like interface presenting real YouTube videos and recommendations. We experimentally manipulate YouTube'...
• Stepwise activation of SARM1 for cell death and axon degeneration revealed by a biosynthetic NMN mimic AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Yinpin; Zhang, Jun; Zhang, Wenbin; Chen, Jie; Chen, Sijia; Wu, Qincui; Zheng, Sanduo; Wang, Xiaodong
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing
  摘要：Axon degeneration, driven by the NAD+ hydrolyzing enzyme SARM1, is an early pathological hallmark of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. SARM1 exists in an inactive form and is activated following nerve injury. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying SARM1 activation remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we report the identification of a potent proactivator of SARM1, G10, which is converted into a direct activator (M1) by the enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase....
• ATP- sensitive potassium channels alter glycolytic flux to modulate cortical activity and sleep AI翻译
  作者：Constantino, Nicholas J.; Carroll, Caitlin M.; Williams, Holden C.; Vekaria, Hemendra J.; Yuede, Carla M.; Saito, Kai; Sheehan, Patrick W.; Snipes, J. Andy; Raichle, Marcus E.; Musiek, Erik S.; Sullivan, Patrick G.; Morganti, Josh M.; Johnson, Lance A.; Macauley, Shannon L.
  作者单位：University of Kentucky; University of Kentucky; University of Kentucky; University of Kentucky; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：Metabolism plays a key role in the maintenance of sleep/wake states. Brain lactate fluctuations are a biomarker of sleep/wake transitions, where increased interstitial fluid (ISF) lactate levels are associated with wakefulness and decreased ISF lactate is required explored how changes in glucose utilization affect cortical electroencephalography (EEG) glycolysis, reducing neurotransmitter biosynthesis and dampening cortical EEG activity. ISF lactate dynamics. Together, we show that Kir6.2- KAT...
• Measuring population heterogeneity requires heterogeneous populations AI翻译
  作者：Krefeld-Schwalb, Antonia; Hua, Xuwen; Johnson, Eric J.
  作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Columbia University