-
作者：Lu, Zhe; Zhang, Yong; Zhong, Yanzhao; Qiang, Lihua; Ge, Pupu; Lei, Zehui; Zhao, Mengyuan; Fang, Yingxu; Li, Bingxi; Wang, Jing; Chai, Qiyao; Liu, Cui Hua
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Microbiology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
摘要：Crosstalk between cell death programs confers appropriate host anti- infection immune responses, but how pathogens co- opt host molecular switches of cell death pathways to reprogram cell death modalities for facilitating infection remains largely unexplored. Here, we identify mammalian cell entry 3C (Mce3C) as a pathogenic cell death regulator secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which causes tuberculosis featured with lung inflammation and necrosis. Mce3C binds host cathepsin B (CTS...
-
作者：Nair, Vineet J.; Srivastava, Priyank; Venkataramanan, Venkatesh; Sarker, Partha S.; Srivastava, Anurag; Marinovici, Laurentiu D.; Zha, Jun; Irwin, Christopher; Mittal, Prateek; Williams, John; Kumar, Jayant; Poor, H. Vincent; Annaswamy, Anuradha M.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Delhi; United States Department of Energy (DOE); National Renewable Energy Laboratory - USA; West Virginia University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Princeton University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：The electricity grid has evolved from a physical system to a cyberphysical system with digital devices that perform measurement, control, communication, computation, and actuation. The increased penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable generation, flexible loads, and storage provides extraordinary opportunities for improvements in efficiency and sustainability. However, they can introduce new vulnerabilities in the form of cyberattacks, which can cause significant...
-
作者：Klauer, Matthew J.; Hall, Katherine L.; Jagla, Caitlin A. D.; Tsvetanova, Nikoleta G.
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) modulate various physiological functions by rewiring cellular gene expression in response to extracellular signals. Control of gene expression by GPCRs has been studied almost exclusively at the transcriptional level, neglecting an extensive amount of regulation that takes place translationally. Hence, little is known about the nature and mechanisms of gene- specific posttranscriptional regulation downstream of receptor activation. Here, we apply an unbiased...
-
作者：Reinhart, Alex; Markey, Ben; Laudenbach, Michael; Pantusen, Kachatad; Yurko, Ronald; Weinberg, Gordon; Brown, David West
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：Large language models (LLMs) are capable of writing grammatical text that follows instructions, answers questions, and solves problems. As they have advanced, it has become difficult to distinguish their output from human-written text. While past research has found some differences in features such as word choice and punctuation and developed classifiers to detect LLM output, none has studied the rhetorical styles of LLMs. Using several variants of Llama 3 and GPT-4o, we construct two parallel...
-
作者：Li Chiu, Cheng-; Wang, Taige; Fan, Ruihua; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Liu, Xiaomeng; Zaletel, Michael P.; Yazdani, Ali
作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Institute for Materials Science; National Institute for Materials Science; Cornell University
摘要：Charge distribution offers a unique fingerprint of important properties of electronic systems, including dielectric response, charge ordering, and charge fractionalization. We develop an architecture for charge sensing in two- dimensional electronic systems in a strong magnetic field. We probe local change of the chemical potential in a proximitized detector layer using scanning tunneling microscopy, allowing us to infer the chemical potential and the charge profile in the sample. Our techniqu...
-
作者：Santoro, Erik; Broockman, David E.; Kalla, Joshua L.; Porat, Roni
作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Yale University; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：Scholars and practitioners widely posit that listening to other people enhances efforts to persuade them. Listening may enhance persuasion by promoting cognitive processing, reducing defensiveness, and improving perceptions of the persuader. However, empirical tests of this widely theorized hypothesis are surprisingly scarce. We review the case for and against this hypothesis, arguing previous research has not sufficiently attended to reasons why listening may not enhance persuasion. We test t...
-
作者：Wiedeman, Justin; Harrison, Ruby; Etheridge, Ronald Drew
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：While advances in genome editing technologies have simplified gene disruption in many organisms, the study of essential genes requires development of conditional disruption or knockdown systems that are not available in most organisms. Such is the case for Trypanosoma cruzi, a parasite that causes Chagas disease, a severely neglected tropical disease endemic to Latin America that is often fatal. Our knowledge of the identity of essential genes and their functions in T. cruzi has been severely ...
-
作者：Bachman, Julia L.; Kitcher, Sian R.; Vattino, Lucas G.; Beaulac, Holly J.; Chaves, M. Grace; Rivera, Israel Hernandez; Katz, Eleonora; Wedemeyer, Carolina; Weisz, Catherine J. C.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University of Buenos Aires; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS); Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs) are electromotile and implicated in amplification of responses to sound that enhance sound sensitivity and frequency tuning. They send afferent information through glutamatergic synapses onto type II spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). These synapses are weaker than those from cochlear inner hair cells onto type I SGN, suggesting that type II SGNs respond only to intense sound levels. OHCs also receive efferent innervation from medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons. M...
-
作者：Chan, San To; Fried, Eliot
-
作者：Perault, Andrew I.; John, Amelia St.; Dumont, Ashley L.; Shopsin, Bo; Pironti, Alejandro; Torres, Victor J.
作者单位：St Jude Children's Research Hospital
摘要：Pathogenic Enterobacter species are of increasing clinical concern due to the multidrug- resistant nature of these bacteria, including resistance to carbapenem antibiotics. Our understanding of Enterobacter virulence is limited, hindering the development of new prophylactics and therapeutics targeting infections caused by Enterobacter species. In this study, we assessed the virulence of contemporary clinical Enterobacter hormaechei isolates in a mouse model of intraperitoneal infection and use...
