-
作者：Tarnita, Corina E.; Traulsen, Arne
作者单位：Princeton University; Max Planck Society
摘要：Evolutionary game theory (EGT)-overwhelmingly employed today for the study of cooperation in various systems, from microbes to cancer and from insect to human societies-started with the seminal 1973 paper by Maynard Smith and Price showing that limited animal conflict can be selected at the individual level. Owing to the explanatory potential of this paper and enabled by the powerful machinery of the soon-to-be-developed replicator dynamics, EGT took off at an accelerated pace and began to sha...
-
作者：Guay, Brian; Marghetis, Tyler; Wong, Cara; Landy, David
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; University of California System; University of California Merced; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Netflix, Inc.; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：Americans dramatically overestimate the size of African American, Latino, Muslim, Asian, Jewish, immigrant, and LGBTQ populations, leading to concerns about downstream racial attitudes and policy preferences. Such errors are common whenever the public is asked to estimate proportions relevant to political issues, from refugee crises and polarization to climate change and COVID-19. Researchers across the social sciences interpret these errors as evidence of widespread misinformation that is top...
-
作者：Lynch, Vincent J.
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY
-
作者：Riel, Elena B.; Bu, Weiming; Joseph, Thomas T.; Khajoueinejad, Leila; Eckenhoff, Roderic G.; Riegelhaupt, Paul M.
作者单位：Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：THIK1 tandem pore domain (K2P) potassium channels regulate microglial surveillance of the central nervous system and responsiveness to inflammatory insults. With microglia recognized as critical to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, THIK1 channels are putative therapeutic targets to control microglia dysfunction. While THIK channels can principally be distinguished from other K2Ps by their distinctive inhibitory response to volatile anesthetics (VAs), molecular details governing T...
-
作者：Zhu, Xingrui; Zhang, Yuanxing; Hanson, Benjamin L.; Wu, David T.; Wu, Ning
作者单位：Colorado School of Mines; Colorado School of Mines; Academia Sinica - Taiwan
摘要：Chiral structures assembled from colloids are of great interest for applications in meta-materials and micromachines. However, similar to their molecular counterparts, these assemblies often result in racemic mixtures. Achieving homochirality by breaking the symmetry remains a significant challenge. Here, we report an approach to obtain single-handed clusters from colloidal dimers using orthogonal electric and magnetic fields. Applying an alternating-current electric field perpendicular to the...
-
作者：Hirano, Tomohiro; Toda, Alexis Akira
作者单位：University of London; Royal Holloway University London; Emory University
摘要：Historical trends suggest the decline in the importance of land as a production factor, as evidenced by the decline in the employment and gross domestic product (GDP) shares of land-intensive industries. However, land continues to be a prominent store of value, as over half of household wealth in major countries is real estate. To explain this apparent disconnection between land output and land value, in a plausible economic model with land and aggregate risk, we theoretically study the long-r...
-
作者：Hardcastle, Matthew
-
作者：Hyder, Safwan K.; Lazarini-Lopes, Willian; Toib, Jonathan; Williams, Gabrielle; Sukharev, Alexander; Forcelli, Patrick A.
作者单位：Georgetown University; Georgetown University
摘要：Despite a century of development of antiseizure medications, up to a third of people with epilepsy do not achieve seizure freedom with drug therapy. Deep brain stimulation is of growing use, but just as with pharmacotherapy, is not universally effective. Identifying new targets for deep brain stimulation-and in particular sites that are effective against a range of seizure types-may close this gap. Engagement of the basal ganglia experimental seizures was first observed almost 75 y ago. Howeve...
-
作者：Goldsmith, Jory A.; Nguyen, Annalee W.; Wilen, Rebecca E.; Wijagkanalan, Wassana; Mclellan, Jason S.; Maynard, Jennifer A.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Pertussis toxin (PT) is a key protective antigen in vaccine-and natural immunity-mediated protection from Bordetella pertussis infection. Despite its importance, no PT-neutralizing epitopes have been characterized structurally. To define neutralizing epitopes and identify key structural elements to preserve during PT antigen design, we determined a 3.6 & Aring; cryoelectron microscopy structure of genetically detoxified PT (PTg) bound to hu11E6 and hu1B7, two potently neutralizing anti-PT anti...
-
作者：Carlson, Stephanie M.; Pregler, Kasey C.; Obedzinski, Mariska; Gallagher, Sean P.; Rhoades, Suzanne J.; Hazard, Cleo Woelfle -; Queener, Nathan; Thompson, Sally E.; Power, Mary E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; University of Western Australia; University of Western Australia; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Climate change is redistributing life on Earth, with profound impacts for ecosystems and human well-being. While repeat surveys separated by multidecadal intervals can determine whether observed shifts are in the expected direction (e.g., poleward or upslope due to climate change), they do not reveal their mechanisms or time scales: whether they were gradual responses to environmental trends or punctuated responses to disturbance events. Here, we document population reductions and temporary ra...
