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作者：McAnally, Mason; Bockova, Jana; Turner, Andrew M.; Hara, Nana; Mikhnova, Daria; Meinert, Cornelia; Kaiser, Ralf I.
作者单位：University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; Universite Cote d'Azur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Chemistry (INC)
摘要：The molecular framework for protometabolism-chemical reactions in a prebiotic environment preceding modern metabolism-has remained unknown in evolutionary biology. Mono-, di-, and tricarboxylic acids that comprise contemporary metabolism, such as the Krebs cycle, are of particular prebiotic relevance and are theorized to predate life on Earth. Researchers have struggled to unravel the molecular origins of respiration, with theories pointing toward abiotic origins later co-opted by the earliest...
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作者：Uchiyama, Lauren F.; Nguyen, Alexander; Qian, Kevin; Cui, Liujuan; Pham, Khoi T.; Xiao, Xu; Gao, Yajing; Shimanaka, Yuta; Tol, Marcus J.; Vergnes, Laurent; Reue, Karen; Tontonoz, Peter
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
摘要：Ketogenesis requires fatty acid flux from intracellular (lipid droplets) and extrahepatic (adipose tissue) lipid stores to hepatocyte mitochondria. However, whether interorganelle contact sites regulate this process is unknown. Recent studies have revealed a role protein, in the control of lipid utilization in adipose tissue. Here, we show that Clstn3b expression is induced in the liver by the nuclear receptor PPAR alpha in settings of high lipid utilization, including fasting and ketogenic di...
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作者：Ojha, Shashank Kumar; Pal, Pratap; Prokhorenko, Sergei; Husain, Sajid; Ramesh, Maya; Li, Xinyan; Kang, Deokyoung; Meisenheimer, Peter; Schlom, Darrell G.; Stevenson, Paul; Caretta, Lucas; Nahas, Yousra; Han, Yimo; Martin, Lane W.; Bellaiche, Laurent; Eom, Chang-Beom; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy
作者单位：Rice University; Rice University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Cornell University; Cornell University; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Kristallzuchtung (IKZ); Northeastern University; Brown University; Rice University; Rice University; Tel Aviv University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Pattern formation in spin systems with continuous-rotational symmetry (CRS) provides a powerful platform to study emergent complex magnetic phases and topological defects in condensed-matter physics. However, its understanding and correlation with unconventional magnetic order along with high-resolution nanoscale imaging are challenging. Here, we employ scanning nitrogen vacancy (NV) magnetometry to unveil the morphogenesis of spin cycloids at both the local and global scales within a single f...
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作者：Paulson, Abigail L.; Zhang, Lu; Prichard, Ashley M.; Singer, Annabelle C.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Emory University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Atlanta VA Health Care System
摘要：40 Hz sensory stimulation (flicker) has emerged as a new technique to potentially mitigate pathology and improve cognition in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, it remains unknown how 40 Hz flicker affects neural codes essential for memory. Accordingly, we investigate the effects of 40 Hz flicker on neural representations of experience in the hippocampus of the 5XFAD mouse model of AD by recording 1,000s of neurons during a goal-directed spatial navigation task. We fi...
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作者：Seal, Srijan; Basu, Dipendra Nath; Ghosh, Kripanjali; Ramachandran, Aryan; Kutum, Rintu; Shelke, Triveni; Gupta, Ishaan; Khan, Imroze
作者单位：Ashoka University; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Delhi
摘要：The occurrence of coinfections, where hosts are simultaneously infected by multiple pathogens, is widespread in nature and has significant negative impacts on global health. In humans, over one-sixth of the world's population is affected by coinfections, contributing to several diseases. However, despite the broad ecological relevance and impact on global health, most biomedical research has focused on understanding interactions between a single host and a single pathogen. The extent to which ...
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作者：Chen, Xi; Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
作者单位：Beihang University; New York University; New York University Tandon School of Engineering
摘要：Understanding the effects of solid boundaries on turbulent fluctuations remains a longstanding challenge. Available data on mean-square fluctuations in these flows show apparent contradiction with classical scaling. We had earlier proposed an alternative model based on the principle of bounded dissipation. Despite its putative success, a conclusive outcome requires much higher Reynolds numbers than are available at present, or can be expected to be available in the near future. However, the mo...
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作者：Krala, Alexa; Tsolova, Aleksandra O.; Radford, Bethany N.; Jadli, Anshul S.; Zhao, Xiang; Blackwell, Danielle; Narang, Ankita; Dean, Wendy; Hemberger, Myriam
作者单位：University of Calgary; University of Calgary; University of Calgary
摘要：Uterine adaptations driven by the steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone are pivotal for embryo implantation and, ultimately, for a successful pregnancy. Here, we show in mice that genetic ablation of the membrane lipid flippase Atp11a causes severe deficits in this hormonal response and profound defects in the morphological organization and transcriptional profile of the uterine epithelial compartment where Atp11a is expressed. Atp11a-null uterine epithelial cells lack tight junctions, an...
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作者：Kadoya, Taku; Suzuki, Kenta; Terui, Akira
作者单位：National Institute for Environmental Studies - Japan; RIKEN; Yokohama National University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Greensboro
摘要：The resilience of an ecological community informs us how it will respond to future environmental disturbances. However, the concept is rarely tested in the context of predicting biodiversity change, particularly at broad spatial and taxonomic scales. Here, we show that measures of instability derived from the resilience of the current state of community compositions greatly improve the predictability of biodiversity change. We applied energy landscape analysis (ELA) to community compositions o...
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作者：Nishio, Miki; Yamaguchi, Keiko; Otani, Junji; Yuguchi, Katsuya; Kohno, Daisuke; Sasaki, Tsutomu; Kitamura, Tadahiro; Shinohara, Masakazu; Soga, Tomoyoshi; Kawamura, Koichi; Sasaki, Atsuo T.; Oshima, Masashi; Hikasa, Hiroki; Woo, Minna; Sasaki, Takehiko; Nishina, Hiroshi; Nakao, Kazuwa; Maehama, Tomohiko; Suzuki, Akira
作者单位：Kobe University; Gunma University; Kyoto University; Kobe University; Keio University; Keio University; Waseda University; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; Hiroshima University; Jichi Medical University; University of Occupational & Environmental Health - Japan; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Institute of Science Tokyo; Kyoto University; Showa Medical University
摘要：There is currently a global epidemic of obesity and obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes due to decreased physical activity, excessive food intake, and/or genetic predisposition. The Hippo-YAP1 pathway has attracted attention as a potential therapeutic target because YAP1/TAZ activation in murine immature adipocytes in vitro suppresses their differentiation by inhibiting PPAR gamma activity.However, the role of YAP1 activation in mature adipocytes in vivo remains unclear. MOB1, who...
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作者：Loftus, Kaitlyn; Luo, Yangcheng; Fan, Bowen; Kite, Edwin S.
作者单位：Columbia University; Universite PSL; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Sorbonne Universite; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Ecole Polytechnique; University of Chicago
摘要：Observations of the hot rocky exoplanet 55 Cancri e report significant but unexplained variability in brightness across visible and infrared bands, e.g., on subweekly timescales, its mid-infrared brightness temperature fluctuates by approximately 1,400 K (with hundreds of Kelvin uncertainty). We propose a magma temperature-cloud feedback as a potential explanation that relies on the planet's atmosphere and surface. In this feedback, under cloud-free conditions, stellar radiation heats surface ...
