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作者：Gaboriau, Theo; Marcionetti, Anna; Garcia-Jimenez, Alberto; Schmid, Sarah; Fitzgerald, Lucy M.; Micheli, Baptiste; Titus, Benjamin; Salamin, Nicolas
作者单位：University of Lausanne; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
摘要：Clownfishes (Amphiprioninae) are a fascinating example of a marine radiation. From a central Pacific ancestor, they quickly colonized the coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific and diversified independently on each side of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Their association with sea anemones has been proposed to be a key innovation that enabled the clownfish radiation. However, this intuition has little empirical or theoretical support given our current knowledge of the group. To date, no ecological v...
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作者：Gao, Forson; Ye, Fuzhou; Buck, Martin; Zhang, Xiaodong
作者单位：Imperial College London; Imperial College London; Francis Crick Institute; MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; University of London; Institute of Cancer Research - UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust
摘要：Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is a multisubunit enzyme that copies DNA into RNA in a process known as transcription. Bacteria use 6 factors to recruit RNAP to promoter regions of genes that need to be transcribed, with 60% bacteria containing at least one specialized 6 factor, 654. 654 recruits RNAP to promoters of genes associated with stress responses and forms a stable closed complex that does not spontaneously isomerize to the open state where promoter DNA is melted out and competent for...
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作者：Shi, Yuping; Roy, Partha P.; Higashitarumizu, Naoki; Lee, Tsung -Yen; Li, Quanwei; Javey, Ali; Landfester, Katharina; Mcculloch, Iain; Fleming, Graham R.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Society; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Japan Science & Technology Agency (JST); University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Oxford; Princeton University; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Gandhinagar
摘要：A combination of ultrafast, long-range, and low-loss excitation energy transfer from the photoreceptor location to a functionally active site is essential for cost-effective polymeric semiconductors. Delocalized electronic wavefunctions along pi-conjugated polymer (CP) backbone can enable efficient intrachain transport, while interchain transport is gen erally thought slow and lossy due to weak chain-chain interactions. In contrast to the conventional strategy of mitigating structural disorder...
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作者：Chen, Xi; Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
作者单位：Beihang University; New York University; New York University Tandon School of Engineering
摘要：Understanding the effects of solid boundaries on turbulent fluctuations remains a longstanding challenge. Available data on mean-square fluctuations in these flows show apparent contradiction with classical scaling. We had earlier proposed an alternative model based on the principle of bounded dissipation. Despite its putative success, a conclusive outcome requires much higher Reynolds numbers than are available at present, or can be expected to be available in the near future. However, the mo...
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作者：Krala, Alexa; Tsolova, Aleksandra O.; Radford, Bethany N.; Jadli, Anshul S.; Zhao, Xiang; Blackwell, Danielle; Narang, Ankita; Dean, Wendy; Hemberger, Myriam
作者单位：University of Calgary; University of Calgary; University of Calgary
摘要：Uterine adaptations driven by the steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone are pivotal for embryo implantation and, ultimately, for a successful pregnancy. Here, we show in mice that genetic ablation of the membrane lipid flippase Atp11a causes severe deficits in this hormonal response and profound defects in the morphological organization and transcriptional profile of the uterine epithelial compartment where Atp11a is expressed. Atp11a-null uterine epithelial cells lack tight junctions, an...
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作者：Foffi, Erica; Rugolo, Francesco; Ramamurthy, Nisha; Haight, Jillian; Helke, Simone; You-Ten, Annick; Tobin, Chantal; Jafari, Soode Moghadas; Elia, Andrew J.; Berger, Thorsten; Candi, Eleonora; Melino, Gerry; Mak, Tak W.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; IRCCS Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI); University of Rome Tor Vergata; University of Hong Kong; University of Toronto; University of Toronto
摘要：Chronic inflammatory skin disorders are characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and hyperactivation as well as immune cell infiltration. We investigated whether immune cell-derived acetylcholine (ACh) is a modulator of skin inflammation in mice. Here, we identify skin epithelial B cells as a key source of ACh that damps down inflammation. We used imiquimod (IMQ) to induce inflammatory skin disease (ISD) in mice lacking ACh production specifically in B cells (ChATfl/fl;Mb1-Cre mice). I...
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作者：Loftus, Kaitlyn; Luo, Yangcheng; Fan, Bowen; Kite, Edwin S.
作者单位：Columbia University; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Sorbonne Universite; University of Chicago
摘要：Observations of the hot rocky exoplanet 55 Cancri e report significant but unexplained variability in brightness across visible and infrared bands, e.g., on subweekly timescales, its mid-infrared brightness temperature fluctuates by approximately 1,400 K (with hundreds of Kelvin uncertainty). We propose a magma temperature-cloud feedback as a potential explanation that relies on the planet's atmosphere and surface. In this feedback, under cloud-free conditions, stellar radiation heats surface ...
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作者：Reich, Peter B.; Grace, Kathryn; Agrawal, Arun; Nagendra, Harini
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Notre Dame; Azim Premji Foundation; Azim Premji University Bengaluru
摘要：Mitigating climate change and social injustice are critical, interwoven challenges. Climate change is driven by grossly unequal contributions to elevated greenhouse gas emissions among individuals, socioeconomic groups, and nations. Yet, its deleterious impacts disproportionately affect poor and less powerful nations, and the poor and the less powerful within each nation. This climate injustice prompts a call for mitigation strategies that buffer the poorest and the most vulnerable against cli...
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作者：Brandt, Anthony; Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya; Goldberg, Elkhonon
作者单位：Rice University; Universitas Udayana
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作者：Kolosova, Olga; Zgadzay, Yury; Stetsenko, Artem; Sukhinina, Anastasia P.; Atamas, Anastasia; Validov, Shamil; Rogachev, Andrey; Usachev, Konstantin; Jenner, Lasse; Dmitriev, Sergey E.; Yusupova, Gulnara; Guskov, Albert; Yusupov, Marat
作者单位：Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); University of Groningen; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Kazan Federal University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research - Russia
摘要：Nonsense mutations are associated with numerous and diverse pathologies, yet effective treatment strategies remain elusive. A promising approach to combat these conditions involves the use of aminoglycosides, particularly in combination with stop-codon read-through enhancers, for developing drugs that can rescue the production of full-length proteins. Using X-ray crystallography and single-particle cryo-EM, we obtained structures of the eukaryotic ribosome in complexes with several aminoglycos...
