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作者：Cappello, Lorenzo; Lo, Wai Tung 'Jack'; Zhang, Joy Z.; Xu, Peiyu; Barrow, Daniel; Chopra, Ishani; Clark, Andrew G.; Wells, Martin T.; Kim, Jaehee
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：Many organisms employ reversible dormancy, or seedbank, in response to environmental fluctuations. This life-history strategy alters fundamental ecoevolutionary forces, leading to distinct patterns of genetic diversity. Two models of dormancy have been proposed based on the average duration of dormancy relative to coalescent timescales: weak seedbank, induced by scheduled seasonality (e.g., plants, invertebrates), and strong seedbank, where individuals stochastically switch between active and ...
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作者：Casadevall, Arturo; Hardwick, J. Marie
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
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作者：Chen, Sihan; Huang, Siyuan; Son, Jangyup; Han, Edmund; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Huang, Pinshane Y.; King, William P.; Zande, Arend M. van der; Bashir, Rashid
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; National Institute for Materials Science; National Institute for Materials Science; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST); Seoul National University of Science & Technology; Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST); Jeonbuk National University
摘要：A long-unrealized goal in solid-state nanopore sensing is to achieve out-of-plane electrical sensing and control of DNA during translocation, which is a prerequisite for base-by-base ratcheting that enables DNA sequencing in biological nanopores. Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures, with their capability to construct out-of-plane electronics with atomic layer precision, are ideal yet unexplored candidates for use as electrical sensing membranes. Here, we demonstrate a nanopore architecture u...
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作者：Ma, Wei; Ma, Lai - Peng; Kong, Xiao; Yan, Han; Liu, Zhibo; Han, Tiannan; Zhu, Chao; Cheng, Hui - Ming; Liu, Zheng; Ding, Feng; Ren, Wencai
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Metal Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Nanyang Technological University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Microsystem & Information Technology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS; Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials (I-FIM); National University of Singapore; Suzhou Laboratory
摘要：State- of- the- art synthesis strategies of two- dimensional (2D) materials have been designed following the nucleation- dominant pattern for structure control. However, this classical methodology fails to achieve the precise layer- and stacking- resolved growth of wafer- scale few- layer 2D materials due to its intrinsically low energy resolution. Here, we present an intelligent self- correcting method for the high- resolution growth of uniform few- layer graphene. We demonstrate the layer- r...
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作者：Shriver, Robert K.; Pletcher, Elise; Biondi, Franco; Urza, Alexandra K.; Weisberg, Peter J.
作者单位：Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); United States Forest Service
摘要：Recent increases in woody plant density in dryland ecosystems-or woody encroachment-around the world are often attributed to land-use changes such as increased livestock grazing and wildfire suppression or to global environmental trends (e.g., increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide). While such changes have undoubtedly impacted ecosystem structure and function, the evidence linking them to woody encroachment is mixed, and the underlying processes are not fully understood. To clarify the role of...
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作者：Liu, Ying; Kendall, John Michael; Zhang, Haijiang; Blundy, Jonathan D.; Pritchard, Matthew E.; Hudson, Thomas; MacQueen, Patricia
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; University of Oxford; Cornell University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey
摘要：For a volcanic system, evaluating potential eruption probability requires understanding the extent of melt and gas accumulation in the upper crustal reservoir, which is challenging to resolve. Here, we jointly use geophysical imaging and petrophysical analysis to unravel the current state and pathway of gas or supercritical fluids in the upper crust beneath Uturuncu volcano in Bolivia. Although it last erupted 250 +/- 5 ka ago, Uturuncu remains active with observable deformation and seismicity...
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作者：Zhou, Yifan; Zhu, Xiaoshu; Li, Tianyue; Zhou, Zhou; Bi, Qianhui; Liu, Jun; Chen, Jian; Fu, Boyan; He, Juanzi; Feng, Xiaojing; Feng, Xinyang; Liu, Xingyu; Wang, Qianjin; Wang, Shuming; Wang, Zhenlin; Qiu, Cheng - Wei; Zhu, Shining
作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); National University of Singapore; University of Shanghai for Science & Technology; Nanjing University
摘要：Traditional quantum imaging is featured by remarkable sensitivity and signal- to- noise ratio, but limited by bulkiness and static function (either phase contrast imaging or edge detection). Our report synergizes a polarization- entangled source with a metasurface consisting of various sophisticatedly engineered spatial frequency segments. By tuning polarization, we demonstrate multiple on- state quantum imaging modes, enabling flexible switching between phase contrast, edge, and arbitrary sup...
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作者：Dartois, Veronique; Lan, Tian; Ganapathy, Uday S.; Wong, Chui Fann; Sarathy, Jickky P.; Jimenez, Diana C.; Alshiraihi, Ilham M.; Lam, Ha; Rodriguez, Suyapa; Xie, Min; Soto-Ojeda, Maritza; Jackson, Mary; Wheat, William; Dillman, Nathan C.; Kostenkova, Kateryna; Schmitt, Jake; Mann, Lea; Richter, Adrian; Imming, Peter; Sarathy, Jansy; Kaya, Firat; Paruchuri, Sindhuja; Tatek, Betelhem; Folvar, Camilla; Proietto, Julianna; Zimmerman, Matthew; Gonzalez-Juarrero, Mercedes; Aldrich, Courtney C.; Dick, Thomas
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Georgetown University
摘要：Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing nontuberculous Mycobacterium causing severe pulmonary infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals and patients with underlying lung conditions like cystic fibrosis (CF). While rifamycins are the pillar of tuberculosis treatment, their efficacy against M. abscessus lung disease is severely cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), a major human drug- metabolizing enzyme, further limiting their use in patients with comorbidities that require treatment...
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作者：Wang, Hong; Guan, Jiwen; Xu, Guangxian; Mercier, Xavier; Zhang, Jinyang; Guo, Haotian; Yu, Tongzhu; Gui, Huaqiao; Huang, Teng; Truhlar, Donald G.; Wang, Zhandong
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Universite de Lille; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences (INSIS); Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Institute of Optics & Fine Mechanics (AIOFM), CAS; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Carbonaceous particles are widespread in combustion, atmospheric, extraterrestrial, and nanomaterials environments. Resonance-stabilized radicals (RSRs) are commonly identified in fuel combustion and pyrolysis processes and play an essential role in carbonaceous particle formation. Despite their importance, comprehensive experimental and mechanistic understanding of particle inception through RSR reactions is lacking. This work investigated particle size distribution, chemical composition, and...
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作者：Saito, Yoichi; Ishikawa, Mitsuru; Ohkuma, Mahito; Moody, Jonathan; Mabuchi, Yo; Sanosaka, Tsukasa; Ando, Yoshinari; Yamashita, Takayuki; Hon, Chung Chau; Shin, Jay W.; Akamatsu, Wado; Okano, Hideyuki
作者单位：Keio University; Keio University; Fujita Health University; Fujita Health University; RIKEN; Fujita Health University; Hiroshima University; Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); A*STAR - Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS); National University of Singapore; Juntendo University
摘要：The direct reprogramming of cells has tremendous potential in in vitro neurological studies. Previous attempts to convert blood cells into induced neurons have presented several challenges, necessitating a less invasive, efficient, rapid, and convenient approach. The current study introduces an optimized method for converting somatic cells into neurons using a nonsurgical approach that employs peripheral blood cells as an alternative source to fibroblasts. We have demonstrated the efficacy of ...
