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作者：Lancon, Kevin; Tian, Jiakang; Bach, Haleigh; Drapeau, Pierre; Poulin, Jean- Francois; Seguela, Philippe
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; Universite de Montreal
摘要：Chronic pain arises from maladaptive changes in both peripheral and central nervous systems, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a key region implicated in descending pain modulation. Chronic pain increases the excitability of pyramidal neurons in the ACC. Although a reduction in inhibitory inputs onto pyramidal neurons has been observed in neuropathic conditions, the identity of the specific interneurons responsible remains unclear. We show that chronic pain selectively impairs par...
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作者：Maeda, Gerald P.; Dang, Vy; Kelly, Mary Katherine; Sundar, Aadhunik; Arnott, Ryan L. W.; Marcotte, Edward M.; Moran, Nancy A.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Insects frequently form associations with maternally transmitted symbiotic bacteria. This transmission mode ensures that symbiont-conferred effects, both beneficial and negative, are passed onto offspring. Here, we report an extreme example of symbiont-mediated temperature sensitivity imposed by a vertically transmitted, defensive symbiont. Pea aphids infected with the bacterial endosymbiont, Fukatsuia symbiotica, resist infection by fungal pathogens but produce few or no offspring when moved ...
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作者：Patel, Haritosh; Huang, Yu Xuan; Dengiz, Duygu; Pravdivtseva, Mariya; Jansen, Olav; Quandt, Eckhard; Aizenberg, Joanna
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Kiel; University of Kiel; Schleswig Holstein University Hospital; University of Kiel; Schleswig Holstein University Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：Hydrocephalus, a neurological condition characterized by an excessive buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain, affects millions worldwide and leads to severe consequences. Current treatments, such as ventriculoperitoneal shunts, divert excess CSF from the brain but often face complications, mainly due to shunt obstructions caused by biological matter accumulation. While previous shunt designs aimed to improve fluid flow and reduce occlusion, they often lacked the precision needed for...
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作者：Runion, Kyle D.; Alber, Merryl; Mishra, Deepak R.; Lever, Mark A.; Hladik, Christine M.; O'Connell, Jessica L.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University System of Georgia; Georgia Southern University; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins
摘要：Salt marshes provide valuable ecosystem services but are vulnerable to drowning with avoid drowning by building marsh surface elevation. Reductions in BGB can serve as an early warning sign of marsh deterioration, as they often precede decreases in aboveground biomass (AGB). However, landscape- scale BGB assessments to predict broad trends in marsh deterioration have not been previously available. We applied the Belowground Ecosystem Resiliency Model (BERM) to assess standing stocks and trends...
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作者：Zhang, Zheng; Meng, Yichen; Lin, Tao; Zhang, Zhanrong; Tao, Zhengbo; Yin, Haozan; Yang, Fu; Zhou, Xuhui
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作者：Ferraro, Kristy M.; Ferraro, Anthony L.; Monk, Julia D.; Forbes, Elizabeth S.
作者单位：Memorial University Newfoundland
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作者：Clauss, Marcus; Roller, Marco; Bertelsen, Mads F.; von Rohr, Claudia Rudolf; Mueller, Dennis W. H.; Schiffmann, Christian; Kummrow, Maya; Encke, Dag; Ferreira, Sam; Duvall, Ethan S.; Mare, Celeste; Abraham, Andrew J.
作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Copenhagen; North West University - South Africa; Cornell University; Aarhus University; Northern Arizona University
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作者：Mitchell, Aaron P.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
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作者：Chen, Jitao; Li, Shihan; Zhang, Shuang; Isson, Terry; Dahl, Tais W.; Planavsky, Noah J.; Zhang, Feifei; Wang, Xiang-dong; Shen, Shu-zhong; Montanez, Isabel P.
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Waikato; University of Copenhagen; Yale University; Nanjing University; Nanjing University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (similar to 340 to 260 Ma) occurred under peak atmospheric O-2 (1.2 to 1.7 PIAL, pre-industrial atmospheric levels) for Earth history and CO2 concentrations comparable to those of the preindustrial to that anticipated for our near future. The evolution of the marine redox landscape under these conditions remains largely unexplored, reflecting that oceanic anoxia has long been considered characteristic of carbon cycle perturbation during greenhouse times. Despite elev...
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作者：Cao, Guan-Long; Li, Xiao-Qian; Zhang, Jun; Peng, Huan-Wen; Li, Hong-Lei; Erst, Andrey S.; Jabbour, Florian; Ortiz, Rosa del C.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Wang, Wei
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chongqing University of Arts & Sciences; Central Siberian Botanical Garden; Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Sorbonne Universite; Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Missouri Botanical Gardens; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) harbors extraordinarily high levels of biodiversity and endemism. The region is warming at a rate twice the global average, yet the evolutionary dynamics of its unique biota are poorly understood. Here, we used the endemic land plant genera of the QTP to investigate how its floristic endemism was shaped over time by Cenozoic geoclimatic changes. We first clarified that the QTP hosts 82 endemic land plant genera; we found that the origins of these endemic genera ...
