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作者：Liu, Bo; Zhao, Dingyi; Lyle, Katelyn; Yuan, Xintong; Chen, Po - Hung; Zhang, Xinyue; Kim, Jin Koo; Wang, Tian - Yu; Wu, Haoyang; Wang, Chongzhen; Yu, Jiayi; Liang, Keyue; Kim, Jung Tae; Liang, Kaiyan; Li, Yuzhang
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：As a key passivation film that governs battery operation, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) has long been credited for enabling high-performance batteries or blamed for their eventual death. However, qualitative descriptions of the SEI often found in the literature (e.g., conductive, passivating) highlight our incomplete understanding of this layer, where even the most basic properties foundational to SEI function remain difficult to measure. Here, we quantify SEI conductivities and SEI t...
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作者：Tripodi, Giorgio; Zheng, Xiang; Qian, Yifan; Murray, Dakota; Jones, Benjamin F.; Ni, Chaoqun; Wang, Dashun
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Northeastern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University
摘要：Tenure is a cornerstone of the US academic system, yet its relationship to faculty research trajectories remains poorly understood. Conceptually, tenure systems may act as a selection mechanism, screening in high-output researchers; a dynamic incentive mechanism, encouraging high output prior to tenure but low output after tenure; and a creative search mechanism, encouraging tenured individuals to undertake high-risk work. Here, we integrate data from seven different sources to trace US tenure...
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作者：Heath-Heckman, Elizabeth
作者单位：Michigan State University; Michigan State University
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作者：Yanagisawa, Kuniaki; Nakai, Ryusuke; Asano, Kohei; Kashima, Emiko S.; Sugiura, Hitomi; Abe, Nobuhito
作者单位：Kobe University; Kyoto University; University of Osaka; La Trobe University
摘要：Optimism is a critical personality trait that influences future-oriented cognition by emphasizing positive future outcomes and deemphasizing negative outcomes. How does the brain represent idiosyncratic differences in episodic future thinking that are modulated by optimism? In two functional MRI (fMRI) studies, participants were scanned during an episodic future thinking task in which they were presented with a series of episodic scenarios with different emotional valence and prompted to imagi...
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作者：Luo, Canhuang; Ester, Edward F.
作者单位：Shenzhen University; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno
摘要：Traveling waves guide the spatial propagation of neural activity and computational processes across the brain. Traveling waves could contribute to the control of memory- guided behaviors by flexibly organizing the timing and direction of interactions between brain regions responsible for storing memory content with those responsible for producing task- relevant behaviors. Using short- term memory as a test case, we report evidence supporting this possibility. Analyses of human EEG data reveale...
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作者：Goswami, Srikanta; Dhar, Gunjan; Mukherjee, Saikat; Mahata, Bidesh; Chatterjee, Saibal; Home, Pratik; Adhya, Samit
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作者：Metwally, Hozaifa; Elbrashy, Maha M.; Kayama, Hisako; Okuyama, Kazuki; Taniuchi, Ichiro; Takeda, Kiyoshi; Kishimoto, Tadamitsu
作者单位：University of Osaka; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); National Research Centre (NRC); University of Osaka; University of Osaka; RIKEN
摘要：Barrier tissues such as the intestine are constantly challenged by environmental stressors and must adapt to maintain integrity and prevent excessive inflammation. Although traditionally viewed as a proinflammatory effector of interferon (IFN) signaling, STAT1 is shown here to play a protective role in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) by promoting resilience to damage and restraining IFN- induced cytotoxicity. We identify phosphorylation of threonine 748 (Thr748) on STAT1 as an evolutionarily...
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作者：Ridelfi, Matteo; Vezzani, Giacomo; Roscioli, Emanuele; Batani, Giampiero; Boero, Elena; Nannini, Francesco; Marini, Eleonora; Bhaumik, Ushasi; Desalegn, Girmay; Serpino, Ornella; Molinaro, Antonio; Paciello, Ida; Mugnaini, Chiara; De Santi, Concetta; Maccari, Giuseppe; De Rosa, Antonella; Valensin, Silvia; Duatti, Assia; Di Benedetto, Roberta; Raso, Maria Michelina; Alfini, Renzo; Sammicheli, Chiara; Tavarini, Simona; Quigley, Christina; Podda, Audino; Kabanova, Anna; Andreano, Emanuele; Cardamone, Dario; Gasperini, Gianmarco; Necchi, Francesca; Pizza, Mariagrazia; Martin, Laura B.; Frenck Jr, Robert W.; Grassart, Alexandre; Silipo, Alba; Pasetti, Marcela F.; Scorza, Francesco Berlanda; Giannelli, Carlo; Rossi, Omar; Micoli, Francesca; Sala, Claudia; Rappuoli, Rino
作者单位：University of Siena; GlaxoSmithKline; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; University of Naples Federico II; GlaxoSmithKline; University System of Ohio; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; University of Cincinnati; Universite de Lille; Pasteur Network; Institut Pasteur Lille; Imperial College London; United States Pharmacopeia (USP)
摘要：Shigellosis is a global public health challenge that mostly affects low-and middle-income countries and causes considerable morbidity and mortality among children under 5 y of age. Multi-and extensively drug-resistant Shigella sonnei strains associated with recent outbreaks in high-income countries exacerbate the problem and have prompted the World Health Organization to include Shigella spp. among the high-risk pathogens for which novel prophylactic and therapeutic tools are urgently needed. ...
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作者：Izquierdo-Ruiz, Fernando; Cable, Morgan L.; Hodyss, Robert; Vu, Tuan H.; Sandstrom, Hilda; Lobato, Alvaro; Rahm, Martin
作者单位：Chalmers University of Technology; Complutense University of Madrid; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
摘要：This work reveals a striking exception to the well-established rule in chemistry that polar and nonpolar compounds do not spontaneously mix: insertion of methane, ethane, and other small hydrocarbons into the crystal lattice of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), a highly polar molecule. By mixing these components at cryogenic temperatures, we can observe distinct shifts in vibrational modes using Raman spectroscopy. Our computational predictions confirm that cocrystal structures of HCN and ethane, which ...
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作者：Kundu, Madhuchhanda; Roy, Avik; Pahan, Kalipada
