-
作者：Feng, Dingsu; Tuetken, Thomas; Griebeler, Eva Maria; Herwartz, Daniel; Pack, Andreas
作者单位：University of Gottingen; Ruhr University Bochum; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
摘要：Air-breathing vertebrates incorporate a fraction of isotopically anomalous air O2 in their body water. The 17O isotope anomaly of air O2 (expressed as 0'17Oair) is related to atmospheric CO2 concentrations (pCO2) and gross primary production (GPP). Tooth enamel records the 0'17O of body water and can thus preserve such paleo-pCO2 or paleo-GPP information over geological time periods. Here, we demonstrate the potential of respective reconstructions of atmosphericpCO2 or GPP from the triple oxyg...
-
作者：Qin, Shuqi; Wang, Guanqin; Zhang, Dianye; Yang, Yuanhe
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
摘要：Soil carbon (C) dynamics upon permafrost thaw represents a major uncertainty in climate projections. Both soil C loss and formation in permafrost regions are mediated by microorganisms, and the balance of these two processes could be characterized by a synthetic metric termed microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE, defined as the ratio of C used for growth over C uptake). However, how microbial CUE responds to permafrost thaw remains unclear due to the lack of direct experimental evidence. Here,...
-
作者：Bassiouni, Maoya; Smith, Nicholas G.; Reu, Jacqueline C.; Penuelas, Josep; Keenan, Trevor F.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Centro de Investigacion Ecologica y Aplicaciones Forestales (CREAF-CERCA); Centro de Investigacion Ecologica y Aplicaciones Forestales (CREAF-CERCA); United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
摘要：Widespread evidence of decreasing leaf nutrients has raised concerns about ecosystem productivity under global change. Interpreting trends in leaf nutrients has important implications for the fate of ecosystem services, particularly the role of forests in mitigating climate change and sustaining quality food sources. Here, we challenge the common interpretation that decreasing leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC) is evidence of increasing nutrient limitations on ecosystem primary productivity.Ins...
-
作者：Georgiou, Dimitrios; Sun, Danqi; Liu, Xing; Athanasiou, Christos E.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; New Jersey Institute of Technology
摘要：Over 350 million metric tons of plastic waste are generated annually, with most ending up in landfills, dumps, or the environment, posing significant risks. Mechanical recycling remains underutilized, largely due to the high variability in the mechanical properties of recycled plastics (recyclates). This variability undermines performance reliability and hinders the adoption of recyclates in demanding industrial applications. Inspired by natural materials, known for their mechanical robustness...
-
作者：Pederson, Thoru
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; UMass Chan Medical School
摘要：Having trained as a physician, & Eacute;tienne-& Eacute;mile Baulieu soon turned his focus to research, as early as his medical internship. He went on to make major contributions on ketosteroids and other steroids, such as estrogen, and how they act on target organs through receptors to which the hormones bind and activate physiological responses. Later, he consulted with a French pharmaceutical company, encouraging them to pursue his concept for an antigestational agent, which became the icon...
-
作者：Zhao, Zihe; Li, Ao; Zhu, Yan; Cen, Shaoqin; Liu, Qing; Zhang, Yuan; Fan, Hanqi; Hou, Zhenxing; Ma, Dengbin; Liu, Dingding; Duan, Maoli; Qian, Xiaoyun; Chai, Renjie; Wan, Guoqiang; Gao, Xia
作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; Karolinska Institutet; Southeast University - China
摘要：Hearing loss (HL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been widely reported, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate significant HL in an imiquimod-induced mouse model of SLE, accompanied by CD8+ T lymphocytes and natural killer cells mediate BLB disruption, with granzyme b (Gzmb) acting as the primary factor inducing cell death of the cochlear capillary endotheof hearing thresholds in imiquimod-induced SLE model mice, suggesting a ther...
-
作者：Agrawal, Rachana; Seager, Sara; Iakubivskyi, Iaroslav; Buchanan, Weston P.; Glidden, Ana; Seager, Maxwell D.; Bains, William; Huang, Jingcheng; Petkowski, Janusz J.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Tartu; Tartu Observatory; Cardiff University; Wroclaw University of Science & Technology
摘要：The discovery of thousands of exoplanets and the emergence of telescopes capable of exoplanet atmospheric characterization have intensified the search for habitable worlds. Due to selection biases, many exoplanets under study are planets deemed inhospitable because their surfaces are too warm to support liquid water. We propose that such planets could still support life through ionic liquids: Liquid salts with negligible vapor pressure that can persist on warm planets with thin atmospheres, wh...
-
作者：Yu, Qiaoqiao; Yang, Jing; Yu, Jia; Lei, Hong; Kang, Le; Guo, Xiaojiao
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, CAS; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Hebei University; Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology
摘要：Migratory locusts (Locusta migratoria) emit two key odorants during aggregation: 4-vinylanisole (4VA), which serves as an aggregation pheromone attracting conspecifics to form swarms, and phenylacetonitrile (PAN), which acts as an aposematic signal and a precursor of a defense toxin, deterring conspecifics from cannibalism and protecting against predators. However, how locusts reconcile these two conflicting olfactory signals while aggregating is not yet understood. Our study addresses this by...
-
作者：Nehemy, Magali F.; Mattos, Caio R. C.; Oliveira, Rafael S.; Hirota, Marina; Fan, Ying; Schlickmann, Monique B.; Penha, Deliane; Giacomin, Leandro L.; Silva, Julliene S. G. M.; Rocha, Mayda; Rodrigues, Gleicy A.; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Okanagan; Trent University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC); Universidade Estadual de Campinas; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Universidade Federal do Oeste do Para; Universidade Federal da Paraiba; University of Saskatchewan; North China University of Water Resources & Electric Power; University of Birmingham; Universidade Federal do Oeste do Para
摘要：Transpiration drives most of the local rainfall during the dry season in the Amazon forests by recycling moisture into the atmosphere. However, the source, temporal origin of transpiration, and spatial distribution of transpiration water sources remain unclear. Here, we quantify transpiration sources across a topographic gradient in the eastern Amazon. We show that on hills, dry-season transpiration sources are mostly shallow soil water recharged by dry-season rainfall. This is different in va...
-
作者：Savage, Van M.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; The Santa Fe Institute
