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作者：Wynn, Jordana S.; Khosla, Anisha; Kacollja, Arber; Shahmiri, Elaheh; Anderson, Nicole D.; Shen, Kelly; Ryan, Jennifer D.
作者单位：University of Victoria; University of Toronto; Baycrest; University of Toronto; Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence; University of Toronto; Simon Fraser University
摘要：Eye movements are closely linked to encoding and retrieval processes, with changes in viewing behavior reflecting age-and pathology-related memory decline. In the current study, we leveraged this relationship to explore possible gaze-based indicators of memory function. Across two task-free viewing experiments, we investigated changes in naturalistic viewing behavior across five participant groups spanning a broad spectrum of memory function, from healthy young adults to amnesic cases. We show...
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作者：Brumfield, Kyle D.; Usmani, Moiz; Long, Daniel M.; Lupari, Henry A.; Pope, Robert K.; Jutla, Antarpreet S.; Huq, Anwar; Colwell, Rita R.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham; National Biodefense Analysis & Countermeasures Center; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Climate change significantly impacts the incidence and abundance of microorganisms, including those essential for environmental cycles and those pathogenic to humans and animals. Shifts in conditions favorable for microbial growth have expanded the geographic range of many pathogens, contributing to the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases. Waterborne diseases pose severe risks in regions where adverse climate conditions intersect with population vulnerabilities, especially inadequ...
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作者：Sugo, Noriyuki; Uchimura, Arikuni; Matsumoto, Risa; Nakayama, Hiro; Fujimoto, Shota; Mizuno, Saya; Higuchi, Mayumi; Toshishige, Masaaki; Satoh, Yasunari; Wakayama, Sayaka; Wakayama, Teruhiko; Yagi, Takeshi
作者单位：University of Osaka; Radiation Effects Research Foundation - Japan; University of Yamanashi
摘要：Somatic mutations in cortical neurons have been implicated in psychiatric disorders. While endogenous DNA damage and repair errors are potential contributors to these mutations during development, the underlying mutagenic mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigated somatic mutations in immature cortical neurons using mouse somatic cell nuclear transfer-derived embryonic stem cells and whole-genome sequencing. Insertions and deletions (indels) were commonly observed in both repeat and nonr...
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作者：Zhang, Haohui; Zhang, Kaiqing; Wu, Mingzheng; Li, Shupeng; Bodkin, Kevin L.; Kozorovitskiy, Yevgenia; Rogers, John A.; Huang, Yonggang
作者单位：Northwestern University; Dalian University of Technology; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine
摘要：Analytical solutions of diffusion theory for light propagation in turbid media are essential for optical diagnostics and therapeutic applications, including cerebral oximetry, hemodynamic monitoring, and photostimulation. While existing solutions work reasonably well for collimated light sources-lasers and optical fibers-analytical solutions for LEDs remain missing, despite the growing use of LEDs in wearable and implantable bioelectronics. We present a method to solve the diffusion theory and...
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作者：Zhang, Ziyao; Lewis-Peacock, Jarrod A.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Removing irrelevant information from working memory (WM) can free cognitive resources and reduce interference with current task goals. Beyond these immediate benefits, removal may also support long-term memory processes. We tested this hypothesis using an associative memory paradigm with directed forgetting instructions and characterized the underlying neural mechanisms. In complementary behavioral (N = 22) and fMRI (N = 17) experiments, participants completed an ABC associative memory task us...
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作者：Huang, Yuanyun; Li, Can; Rajan, Ayyappa Raja Desingu; Bronner, Marianne E.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：The vertebrate enteric nervous system (ENS) is derived from vagal neural crest cells, which enter the foregut as progenitors that migrate from rostral to caudal to populate the entire length of the gut. Here, we show that transcription factors sox11a and sox11b, zebrafish orthologs of the human SOX11 gene, are highly expressed in neural crest cells transitioning from progenitors to differentiating neuronal subtypes. Accordingly, CRISPR-Cas9 depletion shows that loss of sox11 paralogs reduces t...
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作者：Vandermeer, John; Perfecto, Ivette
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Two significant complications in the structure of ecological communities are its dimensionality (many species interacting) and its network diversity (many ways to wire the interactions). Two classic concepts, the competitive exclusion principle and the keystone predator hypothesis, may frequently be embedded elements within that community structure and partially responsible for generating it. Other less-venerable concepts may be involved. In particular, for the current work, a keystone intrans...
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作者：Ahmed, Rashik; Hudson, Rhea P.; Forman-Kay, Julie D.; Kay, Lewis E.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids)
摘要：Many studies have shown that sequestration of client proteins into condensates locally increases their concentrations and/or modulates their conformational landscapes to promote aberrant aggregation. Far fewer examples have emerged where the proteinaceous condensed phase environment protects clients from aggregation. Here, we show that a condensate scaffolded by the C-terminal disordered region of Cell Cycle Associated Protein 1 (CAPRIN1) suppresses aggregation of the Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) RN...
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作者：Io, Skyler Wu; Meyer, Austin G.; Clemente, Leonardo; Stolerman, Lucas M.; Lu, Fred; Majumder, Atreyee; Verbeeck, Rudi; Masyn, Serge; Santillana, Mauricio
作者单位：Harvard University; Northeastern University; Baylor College of Medicine; Oklahoma State University System; Oklahoma State University - Stillwater; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
摘要：Dengue fever, a tropical vector-borne disease, is a leading cause of hospitalization and death in many parts of the world, especially in Asia and Latin America. Where timely dengue surveillance exists, decision-makers can better implement public health measures and allocate resources. Reliable near-term forecasts may help anticipate healthcare demands and promote preparedness. We propose ensemble modeling approaches combining mechanistic, statistical, and machine learning models to forecast de...
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作者：Bellucci, Michael A.; Amiri, Mehdi; Berryman, Stephen; Moshari, Andia; Owino, Collins Oduor; Luteijn, Rutger D.; Tuthill, Tobias J.; Svitkin, Yuri; Belsham, Graham J.; van Kuppeveld, Frank J. M.; Sonenberg, Nahum
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Pirbright Institute; Utrecht University; University of Copenhagen
摘要：Viruses have evolved elaborate mechanisms to hijack the host mRNA translation machinery to direct viral protein synthesis. Picornaviruses, whose RNA genome lacks a cap structure, inhibit cap-dependent mRNA translation, and utilize an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in the RNA 5 ' untranslated region to recruit the 40S ribosomal subunit. IRES activity is stimulated by a set of host proteins termed IRES trans-acting factors (ITAFs). The cellular protein ITAF45 (also known as PA2G4 or EBP1) w...
