37期

最新文章

• A geometric condition for robot-swarm cohesion and cluster-flock transition AI翻译
  作者：Casiulis, Mathias; Arbel, Eden; van Waes, Charlotte; Lahini, Yoav; Martiniani, Stefano; Oppenheimer, Naomi; Zion, Matan Yah Ben
  作者单位：New York University; New York University; Tel Aviv University; Radboud University Nijmegen; New York University
  摘要：We present a geometric design rule for size-controlled clustering of self-propelled particles. We show that active particles that tend to rotate under an external force have an intrinsic, signed parameter with units of curvature which we call curvity, that can be derived from first principles. Experiments with robots and numerical simulations show that properties of individual robots (radius and curvity) control pair cohesion in a binary system, and the stability of flocking and self-limiting ...
• Bridging feeling and motion: Insula-premotor dynamics in the processing of action vitality forms AI翻译
  作者：Di Cesare, Giuseppe; Koush, Yury; Zeidman, Peter; Sciutti, Alessandra; Friston, Karl; Rizzolatti, Giacomo
  作者单位：University of Parma; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia - IIT; Skolkovo Institute of Science & Technology; University of London; University College London; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
  摘要：Typically, people perform actions in a valenced-positive or negative-way, depending on their attitudes or desires. These forms of action are named vitality forms (VFs). While it is well established that action goals are mediated by a parieto-frontal network, less is known about the processing of VFs. Recent fMRI studies suggest that the insula (INS)-and its connections with the parieto-frontal circuit-plays a crucial role in VFs processing. However, a key question remains: How does our interna...
• Female membrane proteins regulate postmating ovulation in Drosophila melanogaster by ovulin-dependent and-independent pathways AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Mengye; White, Melissa A.; Findlay, Geoffrey D.; Vignogna, Ryan C.; Apger-McGlaughon, Jennifer; Clark, Nathan L.; Choi, Jae Young; Fromme, J. Christopher; Wolfner, Mariana F.
  作者单位：Cornell University; College of the Holy Cross; Cornell University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Kansas; Cornell University
  摘要：Ovulation is an intricate process that is essential for reproductive success. In Drosophila melanogaster, ovulation increases after mating. This increase is initiated by the male seminal fluid protein ovulin and is executed by female pathways, including octopamine (OA) neuronal signaling. Despite OA signaling's central role in ovulation regulation, the broader molecular landscape underlying female control of ovulation remains poorly understood. Here, using ovulin as a probe, we performed evolu...
• Quantifying phage infectivity from characteristics of bacterial population dynamics AI翻译
  作者：Blazanin, Michael; Vasen, Eli; Jolis, Celia Vilaro; An, William; Turner, Paul E.
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; University of Barcelona; Yale University
  摘要：A frequent goal of phage biology is to quantify how well a phage kills a population of host bacteria. Unfortunately, traditional methods to quantify phage success can be time-consuming, limiting the throughput of experiments. Here, we use theory to show how the effects of phages on their hosts can be quantified using bacterial population dynamics measured in a high-throughput microplate reader (automated spectrophotometer). We use mathematical models to simulate bacterial population dynamics w...
• Teeth outside the jaw: Evolution and development of the toothed head clasper in chimaeras AI翻译
  作者：Cohen, Karly E.; Coates, Michael I.; Fraser, Gareth J.
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Washington; University of Chicago
  摘要：Chimaeras (Holocephali) are an understudied group of mostly deep-ocean cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) with unique characteristics that distinguish them from their distant relatives, sharks, skates, and rays. Unlike sharks, chimaeras lack scales and do not have serially replacing rows of serrated teeth crowned with enameloid. Instead, they possess a fused dentition of dentine tooth plates. Additionally, male chimaeras develop an articulated cartilaginous facial appendage, the tenaculum, ...
• Adaptation of seed dormancy to maternal climate occurs via intergenerational transport of abscisic acid AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Xiaochao; Bezodis, William; Gonzalez-Suarez, Pablo; Knitlhoffer, Vanda; Goldson, Andrew; Lister, Ashleigh; Macaulay, Iain; Penfield, Steven
  作者单位：UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; Xianghu Laboratory; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Earlham Institute
  摘要：How or whether organisms can inherit parental adaptations to the prevailing environment is a major topic in biology. In plants, seed traits such as size, yield, and dormancy are all affected by the environment during reproduction, but whether developing progeny sense temperature within the fruit or whether seasonal climate information is inherited intergenerationally from the parents remains unclear. In this study, we use intergenerational single- nucleus omics to understand the mechanisms und...
• Adjusting the management of the Antarctic krill fishery to meet the challenges of the 21st century AI翻译
  作者：Meyer, Bettina; Arata, Javier A.; Atkinson, Angus; Bahlburg, Dominik; Bernard, Kim; Cardenas, Cesar A.; Grant, Susie M.; Hill, Simeon L.; Huppe, Lukas; Ichii, Taro; Kawaguchi, So; Krafft, Bjorn A.; Labrousse, Sara; Maschette, Dale; Pinones, Andrea; Reiss, Christian; Siebenhuner, Bernd; Sylvester, Zephyr; Ziegler, Philippe
  作者单位：Helmholtz Association; Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar & Marine Research; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; Oregon State University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC British Antarctic Survey; University of Wurzburg; Australian Antarctic Division; University of Tasmania; University of Tasmania; Institute of Marine Research - Norway; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paris Saclay; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Sorbonne Universite; Universidad Austral de Chile; Universidad de Concepcion; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; Nelson Mandela University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
  摘要：Antarctic krill (Euphausiasuperba) is the central prey species in the Southern Ocean food web, supporting the largest and fastest-growing fishery in the region, managed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). Climate change is threatening krill populations and their predators, while current catch limits do not take into account climate variability or krill population dynamics. In 2024, CCAMLR was unable to renew its spatial catch limits, highlighti...
• Learning stochastic processes with intrinsic noise from cross-sectional biological data AI翻译
  作者：Maddu, Suryanarayana; Chardes, Victor; Shelley, Michael J.
  作者单位：Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; New York University
  摘要：Inferring dynamical models from data continues to be a significant challenge in computational biology, especially given the stochastic nature of many biological processes. We explore a common scenario in omics, where statistically independent cross-sectional samples are available at a few time points, and the goal is to infer the underlying diffusion process that generated the data. Existing inference approaches often simplify or ignore noise intrinsic to the system, compromising accuracy for ...
• CpG-A induces liquid-liquid phase separation of HMGB1 to activate the RAGE-mediated inflammatory pathway AI翻译
  作者：Peng, Kaihui; Fu, Gaohong; Chen, Long; Xie, Jiazhi; Bao, Kai; Li, Jin - Ping; Luo, Shi - Zhong
  作者单位：Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Uppsala University; Beijing University of Chemical Technology
  摘要：High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a chromatin-associated nonhistone protein widely distributed in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is transported extracellularly as a proinflammatory mediator or late warning protein to induce immune and inflammatory reactions upon stimuli such as microbial infection. Here, we have found that HMGB1 directly interacts with bacterial DNA analogue CpG-A in the extracellular environment to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) via its positive...
• Structural basis for Rad54-and Hed1-mediated regulation of Rad51 during the transition from mitotic to meiotic recombination AI翻译
  作者：Shin, Yeonoh; Petassi, Michael T.; Jessop, Aidan M.; Kim, Stefan Y.; Matei, Razvan; Morse, Katherine; Raina, Vivek B.; Roy, Upasana; Greene, Eric C.
  作者单位：New York University; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
  摘要：Rad51 catalyzes the DNA pairing reactions that take place during homologous recombination (HR), and HR must be tightly regulated to ensure physiologically appropriate outcomes. Rad54 is an ATP- dependent DNA motor protein that stimulates Rad51 activity during mitosis. In meiosis Rad51 is downregulated by the protein Hed1, which blocks Rad54 binding to Rad51, and allows Dmc1 to function as the active recombinase. We currently have a poor understanding of the regulatory interplay between Rad54, ...