-
作者：Alverson, Andrew J.; Roberts, Wade R.; Ruck, Elizabeth C.; Nakov, Teofil; Ashworth, Matthew P.; Brylka, Karolina; Downey, Kala M.; Kociolek, J. Patrick; Parks, Matthew; Pinseel, Eveline; Theriot, Edward C.; Tye, Simon P.; Witkowski, Andrzej; Beaulieu, Jeremy M.; Wickett, Norman J.
作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Universidad Costa Rica; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Lund University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Central Oklahoma; Ghent University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Szczecin; University of Vienna
摘要：Evolution is often uneven in its pace and outcomes, with long periods of stasis interrupted by abrupt increases in morphological and ecological disparity. With thousands of gene histories, phylogenomics can uncover the genomic signatures of these broad macroevolutionary trends. Diatoms are a species- rich lineage of microeukaryotes that contribute greatly to the global cycling of carbon, oxygen, and silica, which they use to build elaborately structured cell walls. We combined fossil informati...
-
作者：Humphries, Murray M.; Menzies, Allyson K.; Langwieder, Alexandra
作者单位：McGill University; University of Calgary
-
作者：Srinivasan, Karthik; Lowet, Eric; Gomes, Bruno; Desimone, Robert
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus MC; Boston University; Universidade Federal do Para
摘要：Microsaccades (MSs) are commonly associated with covert spatial attention, yet their impact on cortical processing of visual objects remains unclear. Rhesus macaques, randomly cued to attend to a target object amid distracters, were rewarded for detecting a color change in the target. While spatial attention does not affect the object tuning curves of V4 cells, the direction of MS significantly influenced object representations in V4 throughout the entire trial. Specifically, intervals followi...
-
作者：Won, Younghoon; Lee, Sungsik; Lee, Seungyeol; Park, Sohyun; Lim, Jun; Choi, Wonyong; Lee, Giehyeon
作者单位：Yonsei University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; Chungbuk National University; University of Munich; Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)
摘要：Natural ice plays salient roles in making the Earth habitable and sustainable. Previously overlooked, its role in chemical processes is now of emerging interest, particularly due to the freeze concentration effect, which can substantially promote chemical reactions during ice formation. We demonstrate here that ice formation can serve as a dynamic and unique pathway for mineral genesis. Freezing solutions containing dissolved manganese conditions. At room temperature, by contrast, this occurre...
-
作者：Hua, Duy P.; Kinnun, Jacob J.; Post, Carol Beth
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville
摘要：Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) mediates early signaling events in immunity by coupling membrane receptors to immune responses. Syk comprises a tandem SH2 (tSH2) regulatory module-two SH2 domains connected by a structured linker-and a kinase domain. The association of tSH2 with a doubly tyrosine-phosphorylated motif (dpI-TAM) on membrane immunoreceptors is central to controlling Syk's signaling activity. tSH2-dpITAM association is regulated by Y131-phosphorylation on linker A, distant from the Sy...
-
作者：Landis, Story; Sanes, Joshua R.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：Lynn Landmesser, whose studies transformed our view of how neurons find the proper partners on which to form synapses, died at the age of 80 in November 2024. Using elegant electrophysiological methods, she showed that specificity is apparent from the earliest times that connections are established in both autonomic and motor systems. Her work overturned the idea that synaptic connectivity arises bygradual refinement of initially nonspecific patterns and thereby laid the groundwork for molecul...
-
作者：Townrow, Luke A.; Krupenye, Christopher
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University
-
作者：Daans, Nicolas; Kala, Vitezslav; Man, Siu Hang; Widmer, Martin; Yatsyna, Pavlo
作者单位：Charles University Prague; KU Leuven; Graz University of Technology
摘要：We show that, in the space of all totally real fields equipped with the constructible topology, the set of fields that admit a universal quadratic form, or have the Northcott property, is meager. The main tool is a theorem on the number of square classes of totally positive units represented by a quadratic lattice of a given rank.
-
作者：Matadamas-Gomora, Diego; Nesbitt, Jason; Tapia, Rodolfo Aguilar; Lujan, Leonardo Lopez; Sjodahl, Julia; Murakami, Tatsuya; Pastrana, Alejandro
作者单位：Tulane University
摘要：This study presents the results of geochemical compositional analysis through portable X-ray fluorescence of 788 artifacts from the Templo Mayor in Mexico City. The results reveal that the Mexica (Aztecs) preferred green obsidian from Sierra de Pachuca. However, a diachronic analysis (c. 1375-1520 CE) demonstrated that they continuously consumed obsidian from seven additional sources with some temporal variations related to the sociopolitical transformations of the empire. In the early phases,...
-
作者：Stupacher, Jan; Matarrelli, Benedetta; Cozzoli, Danilo; Ventura, Mario; Montinaro, Francesco; de Gennaro, Luciana; Vuust, Peter; Brattico, Elvira
作者单位：Aarhus University; Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro; Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro; University of Tartu
摘要：Substance use disorders disrupt the dopaminergic system of the human brain, which plays a central role in movement and reward processing, altering perception, and cognition. The pleasurable urge to move to music, known as groove, relies on dopamine for reward, anticipation, beat perception, and motor system activity. Using a well- established paradigm, which shows an inverted- U relationship between groove and musical complexity, we investigated how dopamine downregulation from long- term coca...
