2025

最新文章

• Central memory T cells with key TCR repertoires and gene expression profiles dominate influenza CD8+T cell pools across the human lifespan AI翻译
  作者：Menon, Tejas; McQuilten, Hayley A.; Samir, Jerome; Nguyen, Thi H. O.; Lim, Ratana; Kaur, Jasveen; Rizzetto, Simone; Eltahla, Auda; Thomas, Paul G.; Lappas, Martha; Rossjohn, Jamie; Gras, Stephanie; Crowe, Jane; Flanagan, Katie L.; Luciani, Fabio; Doherty, Peter C.; van de Sandt, Carolien E.; Kedzierska, Katherine
  作者单位：University of Melbourne; Peter Doherty Institute; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of Melbourne; University of Tasmania; University of Tasmania; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; Monash University; Monash University; Cardiff University; La Trobe University; Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT); Clifford Craig Foundation; Launceston General Hospital
  摘要：Central memory CD8+T cells (Tcm) represent the prominent memory T cell subset in human blood, yet the persistence of T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypic and transcriptional features of epitope-specific Tcm pools across the human lifespan remains unknown. We analyzed Tcm CD8+ T cells specific for HLA-A*02:01-M158-66 (A2/M158; a prominent influenza epitope) in newborns, children, adults, and older adults directly ex vivo. Our data provide evidence that epitope-specific Tcm CD8+ pools dominate influ...
• Phylogenetic networks empower biodiversity research AI翻译
  作者：Kong, Sungsik; Solis-Lemus, Claudia; Tiley, George P.
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Brown University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
  摘要：Reticulate evolution has long been recognized as a key mechanism that contributes to genetic and trait diversity. With the widespread availability of genomic data, investigating historical reticulate evolution across taxa has gained significant attention, driven by the rapid development of statistical methods for detecting nontreelike patterns. Phylogenetic networks provide a biologically intuitive approach to depicting evolutionary processes such as hybrid speciation and introgressive hybridi...
• Complementary genetic and epigenetic changes facilitate rapid adaptation to multiple global change stressors AI翻译
  作者：Brennan, Reid S.; deMayo, James A.; Finiguerra, Michael; Baumann, Hannes; Dam, Hans G.; Pespeni, Melissa H.
  作者单位：Helmholtz Association; GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel; University of Vermont; University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut
  摘要：To persist under unprecedented rates of global change, populations can adapt or acclimate. However, how these resilience mechanisms interact, particularly the role of epigenetic variation in long- term adaptation, is unknown. To address this gap, we experimentally evolved the foundational marine copepod Acartia tonsa for 25 generations under ocean acidification, warming, and their combination and then measured epigenomic, genomic, and transcriptomic responses. We observed clear and consistent ...
• Block copolymer molecular design to address practical limitations to recycling polyolefin blends AI翻译
  作者：Cui, Shuquan; Jeong, Daun; Shi, Yukai; Jahan, Nusrat; Lodge, Timothy P.; Bates, Frank S.; Ellison, Christopher J.
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Plastics offer innumerable societal benefits but simultaneously contribute to persistent environmental pollution, dominated by polyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene (iPP). Melt blending and reformulating postconsumer PE and iPP into useful materials presents a promising recycling approach. However, such repurposed plastics are generally mechanically inferior due to an inability to efficiently separate polyolefins in mixed waste streams; phase separation of PE and iPP results in brittle...
• N-acetyltransferases required for iron uptake and aminoglycoside resistance promote virulence lipid production in Mycobacterium marinum AI翻译
  作者：Jones, Bradley S.; Pareek, Vikram; Hu, Daniel D.; Weaver, Simon D.; Syska, Camille; Galfano, Grace; Champion, Matthew M.; Champion, Patricia A.
  作者单位：University of Notre Dame; University of Notre Dame; University of Notre Dame
  摘要：Phagosomal lysis is essential for mycobacterial infection of macrophages. Acetylation is a protein modification mediated enzymatically by N-acetyltransferases (NATs) that impacts bacterial pathogenesis and physiology. To identify NATs required for lytic activity, we leveraged Mycobacterium marinum, a nontubercular pathogen and a model for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. marinum hemolysis is a proxy for phagolytic activity. We generated M. marinum strains with deletions in conserved NAT genes an...
• Orientation fields predict human perception of 3D shape from shading AI翻译
  作者：Aubuchon, Celine; Vergne, Romain; Cholewiak, Steven A.; Kunsberg, Benjamin; Holtmann-Rice, Daniel; Zucker, Steven W.; Fleming, Roland W.
  作者单位：Justus Liebig University Giessen; Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; Yale University; Amazon.com; Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated
  摘要：How the brain recovers the three- dimensional structure of surfaces and objects from 2D retinal images remains mysterious. Shading patterns provide one of the most powerful-yet least understood-visual depth cues. Most theories assume the brain infers surface normals from luminance values. However, this seems unlikely as visual neurons are broadly insensitive to luminance. To identify alternative cues, we measured responses of model orientation- selective cell populations to images of shaded ob...
• Our changing information ecosystem for science and why it matters for effective science communication AI翻译
  作者：Krause, Nicole M.; Freiling, Isabelle; Scheufele, Dietram A.
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; The Morgridge Institute for Research, Inc.; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
  摘要：Current information ecologies present unique opportunities to communicate science and engage diverse publics in science. Unfortunately, they also present unique challenges. Here, we outline how the public sphere for science is transforming as media evolve, and we connect these changes to the high-stakes issue context of COVID-19. We argue that scientific organizations' struggles to adapt to evolving media are linked, in part, to asymmetries in which social media platforms prevent researchers f...
• Chlorophyll trends are negative for lakes but positive for estuarine-coastal waters AI翻译
  作者：Cloern, James E.; Jassby, Alan D.
  作者单位：United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) pollution is an environmental problem of global concern because overenrichment of water bodies increases phytoplankton biomass and ecosystem metabolism, depletes oxygen in bottom waters, and increases the frequency and intensity of harmful algal blooms. These responses to nutrient pollution have motivated policies to reduce anthropogenic nutrient inputs. However, these policies have not been universally implemented and their success at reducing phytoplankton ...
• Big evolutionary fireworks in tiny glass houses AI翻译
  作者：Banson, Idan; Brown, Matthew W.
  作者单位：Mississippi State University; Mississippi State University
• On the relationship between genes and environment AI翻译
  作者：Hirbo, Jibril B.; Were, Martin C.; Jones-Paris, Celestial R.
  作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University