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作者：Murphy, Daniel M.; Abou-Ghanem, Maya; Ahern, Adam T.; Brock, Charles A.; Cziczo, Daniel J.; Hintsa, Eric J.; Jacquot, Justin L.; Lawler, Michael J.; Lyu, Ming; Moore, Fred L.; Robinson, Michael A.; Roberts, James M.; Schill, Gregory P.; Shen, Xiaoli; Thornberry, Troy D.; Veres, Patrick R.
作者单位：National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; TOFWERK AG; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA
摘要：Perchlorate is a toxic, regulated contaminant in drinking water. According to previous isotopic studies, much of the perchlorate deposited to the Earth's surface is formed in the atmosphere, with 36Cl suggesting a large contribution from the stratosphere. Here, we present measurements of perchlorate in stratospheric aerosol particles and confirm that the stratosphere is an important source of perchlorate, whereas we did not observe production in the troposphere. Mass mixing ratios of aerosol p...
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作者：Vlcek, Jakub; Hamala, Tuomas; Cobo, Cristina Vives; Curran, Emma; Sramkova, Gabriela; Slotte, Tanja; Schmickl, Roswitha; Yant, Levi; Kolar, Filip
作者单位：Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke); University of Nottingham; Stockholm University; Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
摘要：Genetic variation underpins evolutionary change, but mutation accumulation increases genetic load. Various factors affect the extent of load, such as population size and breeding system, but other important determinants remain unexplored. In particular, wholegenome duplication (WGD)-a pervasive macromutation occurring broadly across Eukaryotes-remains poorly understood in terms of its impact on neutral and selective processes within populations. Using iterative forward simulations and empirica...
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作者：Cui, Wenping; Fendley, Jemma M.; Srikant, Sriram; Shraiman, Boris I.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Bacteria and phages have been in an ongoing arms race for billions of years. To resist phages bacteria have evolved numerous defense systems, which nevertheless are still overcome by counterdefense mechanisms of specific phages. These defense/ counterdefense systems are a major element of microbial genetic diversity and have been demonstrated to propagate between strains by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). It has been proposed that the totality of defense systems found in microbial communities ...
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作者：Frederick, Jane; Virk, Ranya K. A.; Ye, I. Chae; Almassalha, Luay M.; Wodarcyk, Greta M.; VanDerway, David; Gong, Ruyi; Dunton, Cody L.; Kuo, Tiffany; Medina, Karla I.; Loxas, Margarita; Ahrendsen, Jared T.; Gursel, Demirkan B.; Gonzalez, Paola Carrillo; Nap, Rikkert J.; John, Saira; Agrawal, Vasundhara; Anthony, Nicholas M.; Carinato, John; Li, Wing Shun; Kakkaramadam, Rivaan; Jain, Surbhi; Shahabi, Shohreh; Ameer, Guillermo A.; Szleifer, Igal G.; Backman, Vadim
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University
摘要：Cancer cells exhibit a remarkable resilience to cytotoxic stress, often adapting through transcriptional changes linked to alterations in chromatin structure. In several types of cancer, these adaptations involve epigenetic modifications and restructuring of topologically associating domains. However, the underlying principles by which chromatin architecture facilitates such adaptability across different cancers remain poorly understood. To investigate the role of chromatin in this process, we...
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作者：Niwa, Taiki; Uno, Yoshinobu; Ohishi, Yuta; Kadota, Mitsutaka; Aburatani, Naotaka; Kiyatake, Itsuki; Katooka, Daiki; Yorozu, Michikazu; Tsuzuki, Nobutaka; Toyoda, Atsushi; Takagi, Wataru; Nakamura, Masaru; Kuraku, Shigehiro
作者单位：Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; Research Organization of Information & Systems (ROIS); National Institute of Genetics (NIG) - Japan; RIKEN; Tokushima University; Kobe University; University of Tokyo; Research Organization of Information & Systems (ROIS); National Institute of Genetics (NIG) - Japan; RIKEN; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Sex determination has been investigated across vertebrate lineages to reveal the stepwise evolution of sex chromosomes and the diversity of responsible molecular mechanisms. However, these studies rarely include cartilaginous fishes, which diverged from the other vertebrates 450 Mya, hindering the comprehensive view of vertebrate sex determination. Here, we produced chromosome-scale genome assemblies of egg-laying shark species and comparatively investigated genome sequences and transcriptome ...
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作者：Riaz, Muhammad Rizwan; Marquez, Ivan Sosa; Lindgren, Hanna; Levin, Garrett; Doyle, Rebecca; Romero, Mario Ceron; Paoli, Julia C.; Drnevich, Jenny; Fields, Christopher J.; Geddes, Barney A.; Marshall-Colon, Amy; Heath, Katy D.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; North Dakota State University Fargo; McMaster University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Plant-microbe symbioses such as the legume-rhizobium mutualism are vital in the web of ecological relationships within both natural and managed ecosystems, influencing primary productivity, crop yield, and ecosystem services. The outcome of these interactions for plant hosts varies quantitatively and can range from highly beneficial to even detrimental depending on natural genetic variation in microbial symbionts. Here, we take a systems genetics approach, harnessing the genetic diversity pres...
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作者：Viegas, Jennifer
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作者：Rapuc, William; Guinoiseau, Damien; Arnaud, Fabien; Dellinger, Mathieu; Sabatier, Pierre; Gaillardet, Jerome; Poulenard, Jerome; Bouchez, Julien
作者单位：Universite Savoie Mont Blanc; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Durham University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Universite Paris Saclay
摘要：Agropastoral activities have impacted the habitable part of our planet-the Critical Zone-for thousands of years, triggering a major increase in soil erosion in mountain environments. Understanding and quantifying the impact of these activities on soil is central to the well-being of our societies. Here, we investigate the isotope ratios of the trace element lithium in detrital sediments of Lake Bourget, European Alps, and provide a reconstruction of the impact of human activities on the evolut...
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作者：Reay, Michaela K.; Sayer, Emma J.; Smith, Andrew; Pastor, Victoria; Kourmouli, Angeliki; Marshall, Miles; Grzesik, Robert T.; Evans, Iwan; Rumeau, Manon; Hart, Kris; Ma, Jiaojiao; Norby, Richard J.; MacKenzie, A. Robert; Hamilton, R. Liz; Hartley, Iain P.; Ullah, Sami
作者单位：University of Birmingham; University of Birmingham; University of Bristol; Lancaster University; Ulm University; Bangor University; Universitat Jaume I; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; University of Exeter
摘要：Forests are potential carbon (C) sinks that partially offset anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions via enhanced C assimilation and productivity. However, the question remains whether mature trees will express sufficient plasticity in nutrient acquisition strategies to support enhanced growth under elevated CO2 (eCO2). Trees may sustain growth by investing C belowground to enhance nutrient acquisition, e.g., by increasing root absorptive surfaces for greater soil available resource explo...
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作者：Yi, Yong; Chen, Deshi; Ao, Juan; Zhang, Wenhua; Yi, Jianqiao; Ren, Xiaokun; Fei, Junjie; Li, Fengtian; Niu, Mengmeng; Chen, Hu; Luo, Yangkun; Luo, Zhijun; Xiao, Zhi Xiong Jim
