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作者：Derry, Alexander; Tartici, Alp; Altman, Russ B.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：The rapid expansion of protein sequence and structure databases has resulted in a significant number of proteins with ambiguous or unknown function. While advances in machine learning techniques hold great potential to fill this annotation gap, current methods for function prediction are unable to associate global function reliably to the specific residues responsible for that function. We address this issue by introducing PARSE (Protein Annotation by Residue-Specific Enrichment), a knowledge-...
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作者：Picao-Osorio, Joao; Bouleau, Charlotte; de la Rosa, Pablo M. Gonzalez; Stevens, Lewis; Fekonja, Nina; Blaxter, Mark; Braendle, Christian; Felix, Marie-Anne
作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Universite Cote d'Azur; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Universidade de Lisboa
摘要：Rates of phenotypic evolution vary across traits, and these evolutionary patterns themselves evolve. Understanding how development contributes to such patterns remains a challenge because it requires large-scale measurement of phenotypic variation resulting from random mutations across multiple species. Using the experimentally tractable system of nematode vulval development, we quantified the evolution and mutational sensitivity of six cell fates across two clades. First, we find that the cel...
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作者：Li, Chuan; Liang, Bochun; Chen, Ze; Zhang, Rong; Cui, Huilin; Wang, Yanbo; Li, Qing; Peng, Chao; Fan, Jun; Pei, Zengxia; Zhi, Chunyi
作者单位：City University of Hong Kong; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS; University of Sydney; City University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong
摘要：The practical applications of aqueous Zn vertical bar vertical bar MnO2 batteries are limited by their small areal capacity, low discharging plateau, and clumsy packing device. Currently, the high potential MnO2/Mn2+ redox conversion can only be well activated in electrolytes with a very low pH value, which is not friendly to the Zn metal anode. To overcome these limitations, we have designed mild amphiphilic hydrogel electrolytes (AHEs) with a wide electrochemical stability window (ESW) and h...
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作者：Lei, Hongen; Li, Dianrong; Chen, Jie; Du, Baowen; Jiang, Kaiju; Xu, Tao; Han, Hu; Fan, Weiliang; Tian, Long; Wang, Xiaodong
作者单位：Capital Medical University; Capital Medical University; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing; Tsinghua University
摘要：Male infertility remains a major unmet medical challenge, with poorly defined molecular mechanisms and no effective therapies. Here, we identify a stress granule-mediated necroptotic pathway as a key driver of non-obstructive azoospermia, a severe form of male infertility marked by the loss of spermatogenesis. Environmental or physiological stress activates eIF2 alpha kinases, inducing stress granule formation and the recruitment of ZBP1 and RIPK3 into a cytoplasmic complex. This assembly trig...
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作者：Avaria-Llautureo, Jorge; Puschel, Thomas A.; Meade, Andrew; Baker, Joanna; Nicholson, Samuel L.; Venditti, Chris
作者单位：University of Reading; University of Oxford; Max Planck Society; Open University - UK
摘要：One of the most influential hypotheses about primate evolution postulates that their origin, radiation, and major dispersals were associated with exceptionally warm conditions in tropical forests at northern latitudes (henceforth the warm tropical foresthypothesis). However, this notion has proven difficult to test given the overall uncertainty about both geographic locations and paleoclimates of ancestral species. By the resolution of both challenges, we reveal that early primates dispersed a...
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作者：Divic, Stefan; Crepel, Valentin; Soejima, Tomohiro; Song, Xue-Yang; Millis, Andrew J.; Zaletel, Michael P.; Vishwanath, Ashvin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Harvard University; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Columbia University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
摘要：We argue that the combination of strong repulsive interactions and high magnetic fields can generate electron pairing and superconductivity. Inspired by the large lattice constants of moir & eacute; materials, which make large flux per unit cell accessible at laboratory fields, we study the triangular lattice Hofstadter-Hubbard model at one-quarter flux quantum per plaquette, where previous literature has argued that a chiral spin liquid separates a weak-coupling integer quantum Hall phase and...
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作者：Kim, Jinyoung; Shirriff, Ashley; Cornwell, Jordan N.; Mutis, Maria Paula Quintero; Delis, Ereni; Wang, Sophia; Rootman, Daniel B.; Clites, Tyler R.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：The eyelid performs critical functions to protect the eye and preserve functional vision. These functions are driven by contraction of the orbicularis oculi (OO), which is a unique skeletal muscle with a circular geometry and diffuse innervation. It is thought that this distributed innervation may allow for differential segmental activation and contraction, but it is not currently understood how sequenced activation patterns relate to differential muscle contraction, nor how segmental contract...
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作者：Tillman, Nola Taylor
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作者：Hendrick, Martin; Rinaldo, Andrea; Manoli, Gabriele
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC)
摘要：A current tenet in the science of cities is the emergence of power-law relations between population size and a variety of urban indicators, echoing allometric scaling in living organisms akin to Kleiber's law. However fascinating, existing scaling theories suffer from biases related to the ad-hoc definition of city boundaries and to their neglect of intraurban variability of city properties. Here, to deal rigorously with biases, we explore the hypothesis that the empirical statistics of intrac...
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作者：Jarvela, Matti; Kananen, Janne; Helakari, Heta; Korhonen, Vesa; Huotari, Niko; Vayrynen, Tommi; Hautamaki, Katariina; Raitamaa, Lauri; Tuunanen, Johanna; Kallio, Mika; Piispala, Johanna; Ansakorpi, Hanna; Kiviniemi, Vesa
作者单位：University of Oulu; University of Oulu; University of Oulu; University of Oulu; University of Oulu; University of Oulu
摘要：Sleep promotes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to interstitial fluid (ISF) exchange in the brain facilitated by brain pulsations. Especially brain vasomotion and arterial pulsations modulated by noradrenaline drive the intracranial fluid dynamics. Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) entails lessened orexinergic output to wake- promoting systems including the noradrenergic locus coeruleus. As arousal state and noradrenergic signaling affect CSF- ISF clearance, we chose patients with NT1 as a human orexin- target...
