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作者：Hua, Jingyu; Ge, Xianliang; Dou, Min; Zhang, Yuqi; Ge, Liezhong; Fogel, Stuart; Zhang, Jianfeng; Northoff, Georg
作者单位：Shenzhen University; Zhejiang University; University of Ottawa; University of Ottawa; Shaanxi Normal University
摘要：Our spontaneous thoughts encompass various dimensions, such as task-relatedness (off vs. on task), and thought orientation (internal vs. external). However, their distinction remains unclear. Our study addresses this issue by focusing on their timescales at both the behavioral level (using fast and slow finger tapping) and the neural level (using EEG) using two independent datasets (N = 84 and 35). Behavioral results revealed a double dissociation: Task-relatedness was linked to fast tapping o...
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作者：Dong, Zhufeng; Yin, Tieyin; Deng, Zhiqin; Zou, Hang; Kuang, Lei; Wang, Yang; Shi, Wen; Han, Mengwei; Zhu, Siqing; Wang, Zheng; Hu, Xiaoye; Wang, Yazhou Z.
作者单位：Chongqing University; Chongqing University
摘要：Engineering functional exosomes represents a cutting-edge approach in biomedicine, holding the promise to transform targeted therapy. However, challenges such as achieving consistent modification and scalability have limited their wider adoption. Herein, we introduce a universal and effective strategy for engineering multifunctional exosomes through cell fusion. The hybrid-cell-derived exosomes could combine the functional properties of both parental cells and be readily produced by passaging....
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作者：Gomes, Catia; Huang, Kang-Chieh; Lavekar, Sailee S.; Harkin, Jade; Prosser, Carson G.; Fang, Yue; Kalem, Claire; Oblak, Adrian; Zhang, Chi; Meyer, Jason S.
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Indianapolis; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are highly compartmentalized neurons whose long axons serve as the sole connection between the eye and the brain. In both injury and disease, RGC degeneration occurs in a similarly compartmentalized manner, with distinct molecular and cellular responses in the axonal and somatodendritic regions. The goal of this study was to establish a microfluidic-based platform to investigate RGC compartmentalization in both health and disease states. Human pluripotent stem cel...
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作者：Rodriguez, Jose A.; Minis, Adi; Aref, Rasha; Nguyen, Hieu Hoang Minh; Sun, Fiona; Steller, Hermann; Chao, Moses
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Stanford University
摘要：Neurodegenerative diseases present one of the most significant global health challenges. These disorders are defined by the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates that impair synaptic function and cause progressive neuronal degeneration. Therefore, stimulating protein clearance mechanisms may be neuroprotective. Variants in FBXO7/ PARK15 cause Parkinsonian Pyramidal Syndrome, an early-onset parkinsonian neurodegenerative disorder in humans, and inactivation of this gene in mice recapitula...
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作者：Zhou, Zisong; Zhu, Xiaojue
作者单位：Max Planck Society
摘要：Turbulent convection governs heat transport in both natural and industrial settings, yet optimizing it under extreme conditions remains a significant challenge. Traditional control strategies, such as predefined temperature modulation, struggle to achieve substantial enhancement. Here, we introduce a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework that autonomously discovers optimal control policies to maximize heat transfer in turbulent Rayleigh-B & eacute;nard convection. By dynamically adjustin...
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作者：Galperin, Michael Y.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Library of Medicine (NLM); Division of Intramural Research (DIR)
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作者：Jiang, Haowen; Tiche, Sarah Jane; He, Clifford Jiajun; Liu, Junyan; Bian, Fuyun; Jedoui, Mohamed; Forgo, Balint; Islam, Md Tauhidul; Zhao, Meng; Emengo, Pamela; He, Bo; Li, Yang; Li, Albert M.; Truong, Anh T.; Ho, Jestine; Simmermaker, Cathyrin; Yang, Yanan; Zhou, Meng-Ning; Hu, Zhen; Svensson, Katrin J.; Cuthbertson, Daniel J.; Hazard, Florette K.; Xing, Lei; Shimada, Hiroyuki; Chiu, Bill; Ye, Jiangbin
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Davis; Stanford University; Agilent Technologies
摘要：Reduced mitochondrial quality and quantity in tumors is associated with dedifferentiation and increased malignancy. However, it remains unclear how to restore mitochondrial quantity and quality in tumors and whether mitochondrial restoration can drive tumor differentiation. Our study shows that restoring mitochondrial function using retinoic acid (RA) to boost mitochondrial biogenesis and a mitochondrial uncoupler to enhance respiration synergistically drives neuroblastoma differentiation and ...
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作者：Robes, Jose Miguel D.; Liebergesell, Tashi C. E.; Beals, Delaney G.; Yu, Xinhui; Brazelton, William J.; Puri, Aaron W.
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and a target for near-term climate change mitigation. In many natural ecosystems, methane is sequestered by microbial communities, yet little is known about how constituents of methane-oxidizing communities interact with each other and their environment. This lack of mechanistic understanding is a common issue for many important microbial communities, but it is difficult to draw links between available sequencing information and the metabolites that govern co...
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作者：Schibler, Ueli; Sinturel, Flore; Naef, Felix; Gerber, Alan; Gatfield, David
作者单位：University of Geneva; Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam; University of Lausanne
摘要：In mammals, a hierarchically organized circadian timing system orchestrates daily rhythms of nearly all physiology. A master pacemaker in the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) synchronizes subsidiary clocks in most peripheral organs. By driving anabolic and catabolic cycles of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates and by detoxifying endo-and xenobiotic components, the liver plays an important role in adapting the metabolic needs to rest-activity rhythms. In keeping with these functions, the ...
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作者：Chukoskie, Leanne; Harteveld, Casper
作者单位：Northeastern University; Northeastern University
