-
作者：Rufin, Philippe; Meyfroidt, Patrick; Akinyemi, Felicia O.; Estes, Lyndon; Ibrahim, Esther Shupel; Jain, Meha; Kerner, Hannah; Lisboa, Sa Nogueira; Lobell, David; Nakalembe, Catherine; Persello, Claudio; Picoli, Michelle C. A.; Ribeiro, Natasha; Sitoe, Almeida Alberto; Waha, Katharina; Wang, Sherrie
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain; Humboldt University of Berlin; Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Karlstad University; University of Bern; Clark University; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Zentrum fur Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Eduardo Mondlane University; Stanford University; Stanford University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Twente; Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO); University of Augsburg; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
-
作者：Zhang, Jingruo; Acosta, Francisca M.; Wang, Xuewei; Zhao, Dezhi; Zhang, Lidan; Hua, Rui; Guo, Qianjin; Zhong, Leilei; Qin, Ling; Riquelme, Manuel A.; Jiang, Jean X.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Bone is a dynamic organ constantly undergoing remodeling with both bone formation and resorption. Bone formation is mediated by osteoblasts originating from the differentiation of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (BM- MSPCs). However, how bone cells communicate with BM-MSPCs to coordinate bone formation remains largely elusive. Here, we unveil a key role of osteocyte connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels in regulating the lineage commitment of BM- MSPCs. Two transgenic mouse mo...
-
作者：Hyvarinen, Lena; Fuchs, Christelle; Utz-Pugin, Anne; Gully, Kay; Megies, Christian; Holbein, Julia; Iwasaki, Mayumi; Demonsais, Lara; Capitao, Maria Beatriz; Barberon, Marie; Franke, Rochus B.; Nawrath, Christiane; Loubery, Sylvain; Lopez-Molina, Luis
作者单位：University of Geneva; University of Lausanne; University of Bonn; University of Geneva
摘要：The seed is a landmark plant adaptation where the embryo is sheltered by a protective seed coat to facilitate dispersion. In Arabidopsis, the seed coat, derived from ovular integuments, plays a critical role in maintaining dormancy, ensuring germination occurs during a favorable season. Dormancy is enhanced by cold temperatures during seed development by affecting seed coat permeability through changes in apoplastic barriers. However, their localization and composition are poorly understood. T...
-
作者：Song, Jiajun; Xu, Zhuoyan; Zhong, Yiqiao
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 sometimes appear to be creative, solving novel tasks often with a few demonstrations in the prompt. These tasks require the models to generalize on distributions different from those from training data-which is known as out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. Despite the tremendous success of LLMs, how they approach OOD generalization remains an open and underexplored question. We examine OOD generalization in settings where instances are generated ...
-
作者：Brandenberger, Anna; Marcussen, Cassandra; Mossel, Elchanan; Sudan, Madhu
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University
摘要：As knowledge accumulates in science and society in a distributed fashion, erroneous derivations can be introduced into the corpus of knowledge. Such derivations can compromise the validity of any units of knowledge that rely on them in the future. Can societal knowledge maintain some level of integrity given simple distributed error- checking mechanisms? In this paper, we investigate the following formulation of the question: assuming that a constant fraction of the new derivations is wrong, i...
-
作者：Feng, Yue; Goncalves, Monica M.; Jitkova, Yulia; Keszei, Alexander F. A.; Yan, Yongran; Sarathy, Chaitra; St-Germain, Jonathan; Kenney, Tristan M. G.; Tcheng, Matthew; Trudel, Vincent; Mancini, Ross S.; Upadhyay, Rahul; Hurren, Rose; Gronda, Marcela; Schultz, Matthew; Soriano, Kaylen; Lees, Kaitlin; Pomroy, Neil C.; Currie, S. Quinn W.; Prive, Gilbert G.; Reed, Mark A.; Yudin, Andrei K.; Penn, Linda Z.; Arrowsmith, Cheryl H.; Raught, Brian; Mazhab-jafari, Mohammad T.; Vahidi, Siavash; Schimmer, Aaron D.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; University of Guelph; University of Toronto; Krembil Research Institute; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Structural Genomics Consortium
摘要：ClpXP is a two- component mitochondrial matrix protease. The caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase chaperone subunit X (ClpX) recognizes and translocates protein substrates into the degradation chamber of the caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) for proteolysis. ClpXP degrades damaged respiratory chain proteins and is necessary for cancer cell survival. Despite the critical role of ClpXP in mitochondrial protein quality control, the specific degrons, or modifications that tag substrate protein...
-
作者：Asai, Rieko; Sinha, Shubham; Prakash, Vivek N.; Mikawa, Takashi
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Kumamoto University; University of Miami; University of Miami; University of Miami
摘要：A bilateral body plan is predominant throughout the animal kingdom. Bilaterality of amniote embryos becomes recognizable as midline morphogenesis begins at gastrulation, bisecting an embryonic field into the left and right sides, and left-right (LR) asymmetry patterning follows. While a series of laterality genes expressed after the LR compartmentalization has been extensively studied, the laterality patterning prior to and at the initiation of midline morphogenesis has remained unclear. Here,...
-
作者：Duan, Yaning; Xu, Zhenmei; Hao, Boyu; Zhang, Anqi; Guo, Changyou; He, Yuanzheng
作者单位：Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology
摘要：Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exerts its physiological roles through the endothelialdifferentiation gene (EDG) family LPA receptors (LPAR1-3) or the non-EDG family LPA receptors (LPAR4-6). LPAR6 plays crucial roles in hair loss and cancer progression, yet its structural information is very limited. Here, we report the cryoelectron microscopy structure of LPA-bound human LPAR6 in complex with a mini G13 or Gq protein. These structures reveal a distinct ligand binding and recognition mode that dif...
-
作者：Thompson, Patrick L.; Fronhofer, Emanuel A.
-
作者：Rodrigues, Kameron B.; Weng, Ziming; Graham, Zachary A.; Lavin, Kaleen; Mcadam, Jeremy; Tuggle, S. Craig; Peoples, Brandon; Seay, Regina; Yang, Sufen; Bamman, Marcas M.; Broderick, Timothy J.; Montgomery, Stephen B.
作者单位：Stanford University; Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition (IHMC); University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
摘要：Exercising regularly promotes health, but these benefits are complicated by acute inflammation induced by exercise. A potential source of inflammation is cell- free DNA (cfDNA), yet the cellular origins, molecular causes, and immune system interactions of exercise- induced cfDNA are unclear. To study these, 10 healthy individuals were randomized to a 12- wk exercise program of either high- intensity tactical training (HITT) or traditional moderate- intensity training (TRAD). Blood plasma was c...
