2025

最新文章

• Candidate transmission survival genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis AI翻译
  作者：Mishra, Saurabh; Singh, Prabhat Ranjan; Hu, Xiaoyi; Lopez-Quezada, Landys; Jinich, Adrian; Jahn, Robin; Geurts, Luc; Shen, Naijian; Dejesus, Michael A.; Hartman, Travis; Rhee, Kyu; Zimmerman, Matthew; Dartois, Veronique; Jones, Richard M.; Jiang, Xiuju; Almada-Monter, Ricardo; Bourouiba, Lydia; Nathan, Carl
  作者单位：Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Rockefeller University; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali)
  摘要：Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), a leading cause of death from infection, completes its life cycle entirely in humans except for transmission through the air. To begin to understand how Mtb survives aerosolization, we mimicked liquid and atmospheric conditions experienced by Mtb before and after exhalation using a model aerosol fluid (MAF) based on the water- soluble, lipidic, and cellular constituents of necrotic tuberculosis lesions. MAF induced drug tolerance in Mtb, remodeled its transcri...
• No evidence for Peto's paradox in terrestrial vertebrates AI翻译
  作者：Butler, George; Baker, Joanna; Amend, Sarah R.; Pienta, Kenneth J.; Venditti, Chris
  作者单位：University of London; University College London; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine; University of Reading
  摘要：Larger, longer- lived species are expected to have a higher cancer prevalence compared to smaller, shorter- lived species owing to the greater number of cell divisions that occur during their lifespan. Yet, to date, no evidence has been found to support this expectation, and no association has been found between cancer prevalence and body size across species-a phenomenon known as Peto's paradox. Specifically, while anticancer mechanisms have been identified for individual species, wider phylog...
• Ectopic mouse TMC1 and TMC2 alone form mechanosensitive channels that are potently modulated by TMIE AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Yixuan; Li, Yulin; Liu, Yonghong; Sun, Jiawen; Feng, Wanying; Chen, Yanfei; Tian, Ye; Lei, Tianlun; Huang, Pingbo
  作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
  摘要：The mechanotransduction (MT) channel expressed in cochlear and vestibular hair cells converts the mechanical stimulation of sound and head movements into electrochemical signals. Recently, TMC1 and TMC2 (TMC1/2) have been recognized as the pore- forming subunit of the MT channel, but TMC1/2 functional expression in heterologous cells-which is critical for unequivocally identifying them as the bona fide pore- forming subunit of the MT channel-has not been achieved because ectopic TMC1/2 become ...
• The RNA- binding protein RBPMS inhibits smooth muscle cell- driven vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis and vascular injury AI翻译
  作者：Du, Jianlin; Yuan, Xin; Wang, Jiajia; Zhang, Lujun; Tan, Fangyan; Hu, Tianyang; Li, Xingsheng; Liu, Fan; Ran, Haitao; Wang, Zhigang; Li, Yongyong; Feng, Yuxing; Melgiri, N. D.; Cao, Yu; Jiang, Lihong; Huang, Rongzhong; Sun, Yang
  作者单位：Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Medical University; Kunming University of Science & Technology; Kunming University of Science & Technology; Kunming University of Science & Technology
  摘要：Atherosclerosis and vessel wall trauma induce vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation, leading to plaque cap growth and postintervention restenosis. Our systems biology approach identified RNA binding protein, mRNA processing factor (RBPMS) as a conserved, VSMC- specific gene associated with VSMC modulation in atherosclerosis. RBPMS gene expression positively correlates with VSMC contractile markers in human and murine atherosclerotic arteries as well as in two vascular injury...
• Leaky ribosomal scanning enables tunable translation of bicistronic ORFs in green algae AI翻译
  作者：Duenas, Marco A.; Crai, Rory J.; Gallaher, Sean; Mosele, Jeffre L.; Merchant, Sabeeha S.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  摘要：Advances in sequencing technology have unveiled examples of nucleus- encoded polycistrons, once considered rare. Exclusively polycistronic transcripts are prevalent in green algae, although the mechanism by which multiple polypeptides are translated from a single transcript is unknown. Here, we used bioinformatic and in vivo mutational analyses to evaluate competing mechanistic models for translation of bicistronic mRNAs in green algae. High- confidence manually curated datasets of bicistronic...
• Mechanical ventilation energy analysis: Recruitment focuses injurious power in the ventilated lung AI翻译
  作者：Gaver, Donald P.; Singule, Michaela Kollisch-; Nieman, Gary; Satalin, Joshua; Habashi, Nader; Bates, Jason H. T.
  作者单位：Tulane University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; SUNY Upstate Medical University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; University of Vermont
  摘要：The progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from its onset due to disease or trauma to either recovery or death is poorly understood. Currently, there are no generally accepted treatments aside from supportive care using mechanical ventilation. However, this can lead to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), which contributes to a 30 to 40% mortality rate. In this study, we develop and demonstrate a technique to quantify forms of energy transport and dissipation during mechan...
• Copy number variation contributes to parallel local adaptation in an invasive plant AI翻译
  作者：Wilson, Jonathan; Bieker, Vanessa C.; van Boheemen, Lotte; Connallon, Tim; Martin, Michael D.; Battlay, Paul; Hodgins, Kathryn A.
  作者单位：Monash University; Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
  摘要：Adaptation is a critical determinant of the diversification, persistence, and geographic range limits of species. Yet the genetic basis of adaptation is often unknown and potentially underpinned by a wide range of mutational types-from single nucleotide changes to large-scale alterations of chromosome structure. Copy number variation (CNV) is thought to be an important source of adaptive genetic variation, as indicated by decades of candidate gene studies that point to CNVs underlying rapid ad...
• Planar device-enabled speckle illumination for dark- field label- free imaging beyond the diffraction limit AI翻译
  作者：Fan, Zetao; You, Xinxiang; Zhang, Douguo
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Hefei National Laboratory; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
  摘要：Dark- field microscopy is a technique used in optical microscopy to increase the contrast in unstained samples, making it possible to observe details that would otherwise be difficult to see under bright- field microscopy; thus, it has been widely employed in biological research, material science, and medical diagnostics. However, most dark- field microscopy methods cannot overcome the optical diffraction limit and require a bulky dark- field condenser and precise alignment of each optical ele...
• Explicitly unbiased large language models still form biased associations AI翻译
  作者：Bai, Xuechunzi; Wang, Angelina; Sucholutsky, Ilia; Griffiths, Thomas L.
  作者单位：University of Chicago; Stanford University; New York University; Princeton University; Princeton University
  摘要：Large language models (LLMs) can pass explicit social bias tests but still harbor implicit biases, similar to humans who endorse egalitarian beliefs yet exhibit subtle biases. Measuring such implicit biases can be a challenge: As LLMs become increasingly proprietary, it may not be possible to access their embeddings and apply existing bias measures; furthermore, implicit biases are primarily a concern if they affect the actual decisions that these systems make. We address both challenges by in...
• Mapping of the full polarization switching pathways for HfO2 and its implications AI翻译
  作者：Hu, Qi; Lv, Shuning; Tsai, Hsiaoyi; Xue, Yufeng; Jing, Xixiang; Lin, Fanrong; Tong, Chuanjia; Cao, Tengfei; Teobaldi, Gilberto; Liu, Li - Min
  作者单位：Beihang University; Beihang University; Northwestern Polytechnical University; Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics; Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics; Central South University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC); STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  摘要：The discovery of ferroelectric phases in HfO2 offers insights into ferroelectricity. Its unique fluorite structure and complex polarization switching pathways exhibit distinct characteristics, challenging conventional analysis methods. Combining group theory and first- principles calculations, we identify numerous unconventional electric polarization switching pathways in HfO2 with energy barriers of 0.32 to 0.57 eV as a function of the different shift in the suboxygen lattices. In total, we i...