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作者：Mitani, Takahiro; Takeda, Shuichi; Oda, Toshiro; Narita, Akihiro; Maeda, Yuichiro; Honda, Hajime; Fujiwara, Ikuko
作者单位：Nagaoka University of Technology; Nagoya University; Tokai Gakuin University; Nagoya University
摘要：Cytochalasin D (CytoD), a widely used actin inhibitor, is typically employed in cell studies as a simple barbed end capper. However, accumulating evidence suggests broader effects on actin dynamics. We addressed this by observing single actin filaments using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Our depolymerization assay confirmed that, at nanomolar concentrations, CytoD tightly caps barbed ends. The K1/2 for inhibition was 4.1 nM, consistent with previous bulk measurements, and ...
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作者：Faria, Rafael Cancado de; Silva, Lilian N. D.; Teodoro-Castro, Barbara; McCommis, Kyle S.; Shashkova, Elena V.; Gonzalo, Susana
作者单位：Saint Louis University
摘要：Accumulation of cytosolic DNA has emerged as a hallmark of aging, inducing sterile inflammation. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein translates the sensing of cytosolic DNA by cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) into an inflammatory response. However, the molecular mechanisms whereby cytosolic DNA-induced cGAS-STING pathway leads to aging remain poorly understood. We show that STING does not follow the canonical pathway of activation in human fibroblasts passaged (aging) in culture, sene...
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作者：Hiraoka, Takayuki; Ghadiri, Zahra; Rizi, Abbas K.; Kivela, Mikko; Saramaki, Jari
作者单位：Aalto University
摘要：When a fraction of a population becomes immune to an infectious disease, the population-wide infection risk decreases nonlinearly due to collective protection, known as herd immunity. Some studies based on mean-field models suggest that natural infection in a heterogeneous population may induce herd immunity more efficiently than homogeneous immunization. However, we theoretically show that this is not necessarily the case when the population is modeled as a network instead of using the mean-f...
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作者：Midha, Tripti; Kolomeisky, Anatoly B.; Igoshin, Oleg A.
作者单位：Rice University; Rice University; Rice University; Rice University; Rice University; Rice University
摘要：The fidelity of template-dependent mRNA synthesis during transcription elongationis the primary determinant of accurate gene expression and the maintenance offunctional RNA transcripts. However, the mechanisms governing transcription fidelityremain incompletely understood. While previous studies have characterized how errorrates vary with nucleotide identity at upstream and downstream positions fromthe incorporation site, the comprehensive microscopic explanation of this sequencedependence has...
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作者：Shah, Rohan; Gravish, Nick
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Sliding friction between two dry surfaces is commonly described by the speed-independent Amonton-Coulomb friction force law. However, there are many situations where multiple frictional contact points between two surfaces are active and each can move at a different relative speed. Here, we study the sliding friction properties of a system with multiple active contacts each with independent and controllable speed. We demonstrate that multiple active contacts can produce controllable speed-depen...
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作者：Suna, Rui; Jiang, Peng; Wang, Zhijun; Yan, Binyuan; Zhu, Shouhai; Huang, Zhenlin; Zhang, Jianong; Ding, Donglin; Li, Xiang; Wang, Liguo; Lou, Zhenkun; Jin, Baiye; Pang, Jun; Huang, Haojie; Xia, Dan
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Mayo Clinic; Naval Medical University; Sun Yat Sen University; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic
摘要：CDK12 primarily functions as a transcription regulatory cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) that controls mRNA elongation, splicing, and polyadenylation. The CDK12 gene is implicated in human cancers since it is frequently mutated and/or deleted in prostate and ovarian cancer but paradoxically amplified in breast cancer. Here, we demonstrate that CDK12 promotes serine-933 phosphorylation of DNA2, a nuclease/helicase critical for replication fork stress regulation, and the phosphorylation subsequentl...
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作者：Tan, Xiaochao; Cardin, Derrick L.; Wang, Shike; Xu, Yuting; Russell, William K.
作者单位：Tulane University; Tulane University; Tulane University Hospital; University of Texas System; University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston
摘要：Despite extensive efforts to develop strategies to inhibit cancer metastasis-the leading cause of cancer-related deaths-progress has been limited in recent decades. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) initiates metastasis by enhancing the migratory capacity and plasticity of cancer cells, enabling them to escape the primary tumor site. Identifying vulnerabilities unique to mesenchymal cancer cells is, therefore, critical for developing effective antimetastatic therapies. Our prior resea...
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作者：Zhang, Zeke; Liu, Zhengyu; Li, Gaojun; Cai, Yanjun; Wen, Qin; Cheng, Hai; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Lei, Jing; Liu, Heng; Jing, Zhaowei; Li, Tao; Clemens, Steven C.; Wang, Yongjin; Sun, Youbin; Shi, Zhengguo; Tan, Liangcheng; Kang, Shugang; Wang, Xulong; Jin, Zhangdong; Zhou, Weijian; An, Zhisheng
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Earth Environment, CAS; Nanjing University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Nanjing Normal University; Xi'an Jiaotong University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Beijing Forestry University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Brown University; Beijing Normal University
摘要：Speleothem 618O records from central southern China have long been regarded as a key benchmark for Asian summer monsoon intensity. However, the similar 618O minima observed among precession minima and their link to seasonal precipitation mixing remains unclear. Here, we present a 400,000-y record of summer precipitation 618O from loess microcodium, which captures distinct precession cycles similar to those seen in speleothem 618O records, particularly during glacial periods. Notably, our micro...
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作者：Li, Ling; Ye, Wentao; Liu, Qiliang; Liu, Ruoxi; Lu, Xingyu; Yao, Tianbing; Wang, Linqin; Gu, Bing; Sun, Licheng; Yang, Wenxing
作者单位：Westlake University; Westlake University; Westlake University; Baima Lake Laboratory; Westlake University; Westlake University; Westlake University; Westlake University; Westlake University
摘要：Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) represents an advanced type of electrochemical device currently widely used in various electrocatalysis applications [e.g., electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR)], featuring no explicit catholyte flow and a unique solid-liquid-gas triple- phase interface. Herein, we identify a peculiar electroinduced thiol to thione tautomerization of 4- mercaptopyridine (4MPy) molecule on Cu catalyst surfaces at this triple- phase interface driven by cathodic polariz...
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作者：Sukhoverkov, Kirill, V; Balaguer-Perez, Francisco; Aicart-Ramos, Clara; Tran, Ngat T.; Maqbool, Abbas; Rejzek, Martin; Chandra, Govind; Moreno-Herrero, Fernando; Le, Tung B. K.
作者单位：UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB); UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center
摘要：The ATP- and CTP- dependent ParA- ParB- parS segrosome is a macromolecular complex that segregates chromosomes/plasmids in most bacterial species. CTP binding and hydrolysis enable ParB to slide along DNA and to bridge and condense DNA, thereby dictating the size and dynamics of the tripartite ParABS complex. Several other evolutionarily distinct systems can also segregate DNA, although the full diversity of bacterial DNA partition systems remains unknown. Here, we identify a CTP- independent ...
